I don't recall if you had fictional resources in mind or not. There's an awful lot in the modern era - but instead of making individual suggestions I will refer you to the handy-dandy Wikipedia list:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fictional_elements,_materials,_isotopes_and_atomic_particles
Which leads me on a brief search of Wikipedia and all sorts of similarly useful pages:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fictional_clergy_and_religious_figures
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Fictional_buildings_and_structures
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fictional_countries
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fictional_locations
Etc., etc.
I also wonder - do you plan to include any fictional technologies? A few examples:
Alchemy - allows creation of an Alchemist's Lab National Wonder, which increases science and if the civilization has access to multiple mineral resources, provides Gold.
Advanced Steam Machinery - before the Industrial Revolution - allows steampunk automatons to be built for battle, (perhaps steampunk boats and airships as well), but they are expensive to build.
Electromastery - allows creation of the Tesla Coil, which provides electricity earlier than existing generators (though more expensive).
Astrology - precursor to Astronomy, provides people more direction in finding their fates and potential - First person to discover it receives a free Great Prophet. Priest specialists now produce an extra GP point. +1 Happiness under Paganism.
Elemental Chemistry - the understanding that everything is made of Earth, Air, Fire, and Water. Windmills and Workshops produce an additional hammer.
Dowsing - your Workers are now able to "Build" fresh water in all terrain types except Hills and Mountains.
Dianetics - a science of the mind, Universities provide 1 additional happiness. Under Organized Religion, your temples produce an additional +1 Gold.
Perpetual Motion - an advanced science - your wheeled ground units all gain 1 additional movement point every turn.
Cold Fusion - Reduces the cost to build of nuclear power plants and eliminates the chance of meltdown.
Again, apologies for any of this stuff that is duplicates of ideas you already have or have already rejected.