Were Ancient Macedonians Greek?

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So it seems that Trojans infected Greece! Kyriakos better scan your computer.

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Here he looks more like a moderately dark brown-haired person:

https://www.google.pl/search?q=Alex...a=X&ei=2-T0U-3vENSe7AbLoIDADw&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ



But... : :)

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And:

"(...) For he had the hair of a lion and one eye was blue; the right one was heavy lidded and black, and the left one was blue (...)"

Apparently based on this version:

 
Alexander was famously blond - a trait associated even today with northern Greeks much more than southerners. It certainly wasn't unknown in Greece, though - in the Iliad, Menelaus is ginger and Helen is blonde.
 
And Pyrros had red hair (and iirc he was named thus due to them, pyr=fire). While hair colors are rarer in some countries than others, obviously some people can always have different hair color. This isn't Game of Thrones ;)
 
Sometimes colours get lost or confused in translation, though.

For example Latin "rutilus" can be translated into English in several different ways.

Also, colours are often subjective. Definition of "blond" for an Ethiopian is different than for a Finn.

It is just like with this tall / short issue, which is also subjective. As you pointed out in another thread, FP.
 
In Scandinavia definition of "blond" is this:

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But in Southern Europe this can easily pass as "blond":

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There are at least 50 shades of blond. Then you have many shades of tawny, ruddy and brown, which can be confused with blond too.

Black hair is superior, and I think we all know it.

Darker hair colours are dominant over light hair colours, I guess that's what you meant (it's true):

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/inheritance/patterns/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominance_(genetics)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendelian_inheritance

For example in Scotland 13% of people have red hair but 40% more have only one copy of this ginger allele.

If both parents have one copy of a recessive allele, then chance for a child to inherit a recessive trait is 25%:

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But inheritance of hair colours is more complicated than this simple example above, because there are several genes responsible for it.

Probably this is why there are so many colours and dozens of shades. Anyway, alleles responsible for darker shades are usually dominant:

http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask39

My husband and I both have dark blond hair, our son has blond hair, but our daughter was born with dark brown hair. Each of us has one parent with blond hair and one with dark brown hair. My internet searches on this topic have only turned up the information that there are several alleles that determine hair color, but nothing about inheritance patterns?

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Man, I thought the eye questions were tough! There is very little known about hair color inheritance but there are some interesting theories.

(...)

If one of these hair color genes is on, we'll represent it with H and if it is off, we'll represent it with h. Using this system, someone with very black hair would be HHHHHHHH and a blonde person would be hhhhhhhh.

You said both you and you husband had dark blonde hair. If we imagine that both of you are HHHhhhhh, then it is easy to imagine how your son and daughter's hair color came about.

BTW - I have a cousin who is dark ginger. Her sister has black hair. Father has black hair too and mother has dark blond or maybe brown.

Apparently both parents had one "r" allele and one "R" allele on gene responsible for red hair, and she inherited 2 x "r" (25% chance).
 
It's true that warfare between the poleis was often somewhat ritualised - hence why the wars were so long so often. Yet I can see a definite parallel in the Spartan expansion into Messenia in the Archaic period, in which they absorbed the territory into their polis heartland, enslaved the locals and divided the land between their own citizens. It's true that Greek expansion usually took the form of enforced alliances and regime change - witness both Athens and Sparta after the PErsian Wars - but this was not always the case.
OK, but unless I'm reading this wrong, there's a difference between enslavement and expulsion.

Usually when you see mass expulsions, it's between groups that consider themselves apart from each other. Hence why you expel them, to make the land yours. The fact that the Macedonians didn't do like the Spartans in Messenia is exactly what strikes me as odd.
 
OK, but unless I'm reading this wrong, there's a difference between enslavement and expulsion.

Usually when you see mass expulsions, it's between groups that consider themselves apart from each other. Hence why you expel them, to make the land yours. The fact that the Macedonians didn't do like the Spartans in Messenia is exactly what strikes me as odd.

I see what you mean. I can't think of a pre-Macedonian parallel (though the settlers of Bactria were largely Greeks expelled by the Macedonians), but I would venture that one might consider the exiles politically unreliable even if they did share one's own ethnic heritage. Interesting, though, I'll look into it. The argument makes a lot of sense. It certainly fits my instinct that Macedonian 'Greekness' was largely an identity projected by the royal family to be swallowed by others, and not really held by most people.
 
You argued that the brunette in your post #166 'can easily pass as a blonde in southern Europe'.

She is not brunette (according to Google at least), I found that photo by googling "dark blonde" and that's how she was described.

Here is the link: https://www.google.pl/search?q=dark...HYBg&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=1525&bih=691&dpr=0.9

And certainly not "brunette". If anything, "szatynka" - I'm not sure what is the proper English translation (perhaps "brown-haired one").

"Szatynka": https://www.google.pl/search?q=szat...HAAQ&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=1525&bih=691&dpr=0.9
 
For what it's worth, I always hate having to describe that hair color because I don't know what to call it. I usually say "not quite blonde, but a very light brown." I think it's absolutely true some people would describe it as blonde, particularly in the sunlight.
 
Hello again

Clustering closely with Bosnians, Bulgarians, Serbs and Eastern Croats is hardly a proof for being genetically Slavs

They cluster with the Georgians too... Many different recent researches solved that.
I think you'll agree things are simple.
Thing is that genetics is not a stand alone science in the history field. You can't exclude Historians and Anthropologists from this, from their own field. In fact genetics are here to help them resolve and/or confirm their issues.



because all these southern Slavic groups have relatively little of actual Slavic genetic ancestry, and are mostly the result of assimilation of Ancient Balkan populations by Slavic invaders. On the other hand, Slovenes and Western Croats are much more "genetically North Slavic" (or at least less "genetically Ancient Balkan") than the rest of Southern Slavs. In genetic terms, Slovenes and Western Croats cluster more closely with Northern Slavs - especially with Western Slavs - than with Southern Slavs. Despite being geographically and linguistically Southern Slavic, genetically Slovenes and people of western Croatia are more closely related to Slovaks, Poles and Czechs than to Bulgarians, Serbs, Bosniaks, Macedonians or Montenegrins.

"Assimilation" is besides the point when one examines the migration events in a region.
All Slavs cluster to each other more or less.
This is a proven fact and it by itself proves that;
1. all Slavs are coming from the same stock, as history recorded it
1. the "Southern Slavs" migrated to this area as history recorded it the 7th century AD.





Blogs are not being accepted by me.
I never quote from blogs, I do not accept the informations. Only first hand informations and links are being accepted.



South Slavs are definitely not North (West + East) Slavs - these are two distinct populations in terms of ancestry.
Two exceptions are Slovenes and Croats, who are genetically more similar to West Slavs than to Balkanians.

As I said above, it's a solved issue that all Slavs come from the same stock. That's the issue when one examines migration events in an area.



both Vardar Slavs (Macedonians) and Bulgarians are genetically close to Ancient Balkanians.

This was never the case in the scientific community of geneticists, historians nor anthropologists.
There are many different recent DNA researches nowadays that prove;

1. The greeks cluster with the southern Italians with deviation of 0.000 (= IDENTICAL or as the Italians say "una faccia una razzia"), as result of the colonization of southern Italy by the Greeks in antiquity, which proves beyond any doubt that modern greeks are direct descendants of their ancient ancestors,

2. The Slavs (from former Yugoslavia and Bulgaria) do not cluster with the Greeks nor with the Italians. This issue is proved by that many researches today that it is considred solved.

3. The Slavs don't belong nor relate in any way (culturally, alphabetically, the names persons and cities, the tranditions or any other way) to any of the ancient balkan tribes for the simple reason that they migrated in the Balkans the 7th century AD.
Assimilation IS BESIDES the point when ones examines migration events in an area.

4. There are no genes of the ancient balkan tribes to prove who relates to them. So far the only cofirmations we have comes from combining researches and scientific fields (including genetics - recently). This way what why know for sure today is what I wrote above on 1. 2. & 3.
These are nowadays undeniable facts.


Yet (and I say this as a notice and not to offent you in any way) this comes as no surprise from you, as you seem to reproduce the thesis and outrageous lies of the propagandists of the self-declared "Република Македонија / Republika Macedonjia".
Thesis and lies that perhaps for the first time (***) in recorded history FORCED the scientific society ans a vast amount of historians, philosophers, anthropologists, geneticists and all kinds of intelectuals, even Universities, Museums and Archaeological Institutions, to VOLUNTARILY make outraged comments (many of them on camera), such as;

Robin Lane Fox, Prof. Dr., Oxford University
"...Macedonia was a Greek speaking kingdom in northern Greece, populated by people using Greek names and worshiping Greek gods._
Those who live in Skopje and say that is Macedonia and Alexander's homeland, are as ignorant and outrageous as if someone was to say that Oxford University was really in Belarus, and Oxford was Minsk..."


Stephen G. Miller, Prof., Dr., Berkeley University
Who is refering to the self-declared "Republika Macedonija" which fabricated maps attempting to present PAEONIA (the region this country is settled) as ONE united region with Macedonia-Greece (Alexander's homeland), and to the banknotes this country circulated with the Greek city of Thessalonike on them];
"... I wonder what we would conclude if a certain large island off the southeast coast of the United States started to call itself Florida, and emblazoned its currency with images of Disney World and distributed maps showing the Greater Florida..."

René Guerdan, French Historian
"...The Macedonians are and have always been Greeks, and the creation of a socialist "Republic of Macedonia" with Skopje as its capital is only a sad farce..."


(***) Well perhaps not for the first time if one consider what the Nazi Germany propagandists claimed back then...




A fish and a horse can't breed and can't produce fertile offspring, whereas a Greek and a Black African can

Please lets not play with words...
You know very well what I meant to say.
The humans since the first man stood up on his feet, faced changes that today gave us the races (and I don't say that the racist way, but genetically).
An Islander and an Ethiopian both can do the exact things, both have the same skills spiritually and physically, but genetically have differences that envolved through time and space.
I'll repeat to avoid any misunderstandings that I don't say this the racist way, but genetically.
 
1. The greeks cluster with the southern Italians with deviation of 0.000 (= IDENTICAL or as the Italians say "una faccia una razzia"), as result of the colonization of southern Italy by the Greeks in antiquity, which proves beyond any doubt that modern greeks are direct descendants of their ancient ancestors,

Just as a particularly egregious point of fact - no it doesn't. It's entirely possible that people migrated into Greece with different DNA but not into Southern Italy.
 
A fish and a horse can't breed and can't produce fertile offspring, whereas a Greek and a Black African can
Please lets not play with words...
You know very well what I meant to say.
The humans since the first man stood up on his feet, faced changes that today gave us the races (and I don't say that the racist way, but genetically).
An Islander and an Ethiopian both can do the exact things, both have the same skills spiritually and physically, but genetically have differences that envolved through time and space.
I'll repeat to avoid any misunderstandings that I don't say this the racist way, but genetically.

Modern Greeks actually have 1,9% of Sub-Saharan Black African admixture (by comparison Portuguese people have 3,2%).

Source: http://historum.com/european-history/10228-french-celtic-23.html#post1932440?postcount=229

All Slavs cluster to each other more or less.
This is a proven fact and it by itself proves that;
1. all Slavs are coming from the same stock, as history recorded it
1. the "Southern Slavs" migrated to this area as history recorded it the 7th century AD.

This is not exactly true. Out of Southern Slavs, Slovenes and Croats cluster closely with Northern Slavs, especially with West Slavs.

Other Southern Slavs cluster less closely with Northern Slavs, unfortunately. Bulgarians for example appear to be a real "diverse mix".

cluster to each other more or less.

All Europeans cluster to each other "more or less":

Genetic distances between populations:

1) All humans:

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2) Europeans (fragment of that picture above):

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1. The greeks cluster with the southern Italians with deviation of 0.000

Quote your source - this sounds too obviously hilarious. Even Greeks from various parts of Greece are genetically different from each other.

And you are suggesting that Greeks and Southern Italians are clones.

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It is obvious on many levels that Southern Slavs do not cluster so closely with Northern Slavs, and that they do cluster quite closely with other Balkanians.

For example -frequency of R1 haplogroup is high among Northern Slavs, low among Southern Slavs and other Balkanians:



R1a haplogroup is common among Balts, Northern Slavs, Slovenes and Croats, while much lower among other Southern Slavs:

Macedonians (FYROM as you call them) have the smallest % of R1a out of all Slavs:



But then we have various subclades within R1a, and here differences between Western and Eastern Slavs can be seen:

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Subclade R1a M458 (as well as one of its variants - L260 - green points) is common only among Western Slavs:

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On the other hand, I2a1b seems to be common among Southern Slavs and Eastern Slavs:

All of I2a1:

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Variant I2a1b:

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Edit: most of images put into spoilers.
 
Many Palestinian Arabs are genetically descendants of Jews:


Link to video.


Link to video.

Many Austrians and Germans are genetically descendants of West Slavs and Slovenes.

Inhabitants of Graz (Old Slovene: Gradec) in Austria, are almost exclusively Slavic (genetically):

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It is evident when we look at the percentage of R1a haplogroup among inhabitants of Graz:

R1b / R1a proportions among inhabitants of 25 selected cities located in Central Europe:

Dark green = Czech and Polish cities
Light green = German & Austrian cities with ~20% (Greifswald) up to ~43% (Graz) of R1a
Dark red = other cities in Germany

(map and chart based on: Kalevi Wiik, "Where Did European Men Come From?", Journal of Genetic Genealogy, 4:35-85, 2008)



Cities on map are numbered according to their location in first column (R1a):



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So I wouldn't be surprised if many Macedonian Slavs are genetically descendants of Ancient Macedonians.
 
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