The game's an exercise in extreme micromanagement.
Exactly!
Either you like extreme micromanagement, or you don't. It's not for everyone. Personally, I don't really care for real-time simulations. It's just whatever works for you. This said, it really isn't hard to win. Just do this:
1) Explore with scouts ASAP, preferably on your ship's first return trip from Europe. If you wait, the AI colonial powers will do it before you do. Use the cash to hurry colonists and buy new specialists.
2) Get farmers and fisherman pumping out food ASAP, and have your new colonists learn from the native villages.
3) Get carpenters and lumberjacks building things in your cities.
4) In the basic vanilla version of the game, tools and guns are cheap - so cheap you can sell them to natives for a good profit. In AoD2, they are so expensive that producing them becomes an important early-game priority.
5) Make finished goods (cigars, coats, etc) for hard cash either from Europe or from the natives. Use the cash to buy new specialists, veteran soldiers, canons and whatever else you think you need.
6) As you near time for revolution, stockpile loads of guns & horses. Loads & loads of wagonsfull. If you're ready for your war of independence, you can't lose.
There are other details, sure, but this basic formula should get you there.
Cheers, --- Wheldrake