The statistic is correct, not a typo. According to the random number generator, science did not increase from your investment in it. However, your agriculture DID increase, and the special thing about agriculture is that every point agriculture goes up, the rest of the stats each have a 20% chance to increase by 1, accounting for the increase in military.
The only way to guarantee an increase is to invest 10 points into it, but that is not always the right move.