The AI never explicitly tries to maximise its score as such, but rather it just tries to becomes as big and powerful as it can. If all the victory conditions are turned off then it will basically just focus on growing its economy, and attacking its enemies, and stuff like that.
When victory conditions are enabled, the AI usually doesn't choose a victory type to aim for right away. They tend to just focus on growing their civilization for the first part of the game, and then later if they think they are doing well in culture, or militarily, or whatever, they might start to focus on a particular type of victory. If there are no victory conditions enabled, they just won't make that transition.
Your question makes me wonder though... maybe the AI's conquest victory strategy should still be allowed even if conquest victory is disabled. After all, if they can conquer the world, then they're probably going to achieve victory in whatever other way is available anyway.
On the other hand, if the human player has explicitly disabled the conquest victory condition, they've probably done so because they don't really want civs to focus on trying to kill everyone. So maybe the AI should respect that...