Nation? Oohh yes!
The Sultanate shall rise again!
The Sultanate of Qubuqtahar // mgsmuhammad
Colour: Tan
Leadership: Theocratic council of Takharists (occasionally broken by benevolent despotism under the Prophets)
Religion: Takaharism (an Islam-esque monotheism)
Background: Following the preachings of one Jalal Takhar, the people of Shal-an-Jahaq (Qubuqtahar's capital) split into two rough bands. The middle and working classes choosing allegiance with the upstart (whom many saw as the first Takharist Prophet) and the small percentage of town elders seeking to uphold the status quo (an atheist council of themselves).
Unfortunately for the leaders, the revolution was a crushing success, with people joining the Takharist forces marching on the town centre whilst the city guards refused to attack the mob (as, in most cases, it included many friends and family).
The elders were forced into exile, with those unable to flee falling prey to the (lack of) mercy of the mob.
Jalal then consolidated his powerbase, establishing a class for the priesthood (which had much more influence than the middle-classes, but significantly less than the state) and building many fine temples to allow proper worship for the "Sultan above" (the "Sultan" being revered so highly that his title is incorporated into the nation's name itself).
Unfortunately, Jalal passed away after 13 noble years of rule. A council of the most esteemed Takharist priests has been established to govern, however they are required by law to stand down upon the arrival of the next Takharist prophet.
The Sultanate of Qubuqtahar is noticeable due to it's complete lack of diversity of livestock: the residents often go through their entire lives without seeing a cow, pig, sheep or donkey. Instead, they rely on horses as beasts of burden, and, when they cannot get smaller mammalian prey (such as rabbits or otters) a source of food.
Llamas are also abundant, however they frolic freely through the streets, as they are seen as a sacred animal to the Takharists, annually providing the woolen fleeces which make Winter living far more bearable in the largely tree-less and, as a result, fairly windswept land.