Let's talk about how we can anticipate what our opponents have in mind. Here some of mine :
Demographics : Shows statistics about who is first in each categories, but you must know him first. Most important are Soldiers(total army) and manufactured goods(hammers per turn). Litteracy can be helpful in the beginning.
Soldiers : If you have a neighbor with a big army, i.e. far away from the average, you must prepare yourself for a possible big war.
Hammer per turn : If somebody has suddenly a big raise of his production, he might be building something with hammer bonus. May be settlers under Liberty or a wonder with hammer bonus from Tradition or marble. After 60 turns it becomes irrelevant. If you know he's building a wonder, well you know what to do.
Litteracy : If a player goes for early writting, he will get some percentage of litteracy. No writting, no litteracy. Early writting often means delay of iron working...
Diplomacy window : Probably the most important. You can actually know from players you encountered what they have for both luxuries and strategic ressources. Easy to see if someone got 2,4, or 6 iron. Just go in diplo in the trade window to see all his stuff.
This is it for now.
Demographics : Shows statistics about who is first in each categories, but you must know him first. Most important are Soldiers(total army) and manufactured goods(hammers per turn). Litteracy can be helpful in the beginning.
Soldiers : If you have a neighbor with a big army, i.e. far away from the average, you must prepare yourself for a possible big war.
Hammer per turn : If somebody has suddenly a big raise of his production, he might be building something with hammer bonus. May be settlers under Liberty or a wonder with hammer bonus from Tradition or marble. After 60 turns it becomes irrelevant. If you know he's building a wonder, well you know what to do.
Litteracy : If a player goes for early writting, he will get some percentage of litteracy. No writting, no litteracy. Early writting often means delay of iron working...
Diplomacy window : Probably the most important. You can actually know from players you encountered what they have for both luxuries and strategic ressources. Easy to see if someone got 2,4, or 6 iron. Just go in diplo in the trade window to see all his stuff.

This is it for now.