Example with the Mayans game I had. I got the win in 302, could have easily been 270 but I wanted to test out the patronage tree fully to see if having all city states as allies could gift GP more than faith...I got one great general. But, you see the distance from the cities, areas I would try and settle, faith accumulation, science per turn, city size etc.
But overall, build whatever you need for your situation. I can't really tell you what that will be 100% of the time, like normally with Babylon Diety I build 2 scouts on continents and if I only see one or two civs on the continent, then I go attack them and take them out asap. If I see 4 annoying civs, then I go peaceful as hell with 100% science focus.
I can't tell you what will be best in absolutely every difficulty. Learn what grows science, have food focus on all cities throughout 95% of the game. Do with what you got.
Just a few more rules of thumb though:
-Don't settle a city that isn't connected to at least 4 tiles of river or the coast adjacent to your other coastal cities. THIS INCLUDES MOUNTAINS.
-Don't have trade routes with other civs or city states. Have every Trade route for food sending food to each other (if capital is receiving food from coastal city, give it a food caravan with another city etc. Grow all of them to great heights.)
-Build roads relatively early. Roads are more important for military defense than many units or walls.
-do not focus on tourism at all, but the culture buildings are not actually bad in the end with nothing else to build as they fill up rationalism faster along with order and possibly dip into patronage.
-Huge one: Don't build any world wonder with the exceptions of Petra (unlikely you'd need it as Korea but on Emperor, you'd want it by turn 105, Immortal you'd want it by turn 90, and not happening on deity. and Hubble.
-try to plant GS on either sheep, cattle, horses, iron, or deer.
-city states are great
-use the garrison feature from tradition. Don't just get it, but actually use it. It saves a lot of maintenance in peaceful games.
-it is a game so have fun. Don't play it like an exam, but if you see something that I put down that doesn't make sense, either try it once or try and improve it. Experiment
-run all specialists with Korea when cities are big enough.
-sometimes in order to get good land, you must be aggressive early if by Germany, Washington, or Mohawks.
-If you are going to be aggressive early and take another civ out, then fully do so if it is just you and them on continents. Don't just take the capital. Raze any city you can that doesn't have any wonders inside. Sell buildings during the raze. Puppet their capital at least until resistance is over and you have the money for courthouses. Or just keep it as a puppet, up to you at that point.
-If a civ spies on you and loses their spy (this will happen a lot), forgive them and allow them to keep spying on you. It is so much easier to leave one spy in your capital than it is to keep paying cs allies an extra 1000 gold every couple of turns because someone staged a coupe.
-Research agreements are weak even with rationalism finisher and PT. So much better things to spend money on.
-upgrade crossbowmen the second you get industrialization. You will keep other civs at bay for another 80 turns with Gatling guns by 1100 AD.