Stalin was not the first, though—Lenin and the “war communism” imposed confiscation, and there was a famine in Russia shortly thereafter.
Lenin was actually very much for an alliance with the peasants, and knew they civil war could only be won with them on the bolsheviks' side. Russia being still a mostly rural country that is by definition... In fact the communists had to win over the soldiers in the army, mostly peasants, in order to have any chance at taking power. Most of the delegates in the soviets came from... the army. The peasants drafted into it. Which is also why the new bolshevik government
had to end WW1 giving to Germany as much as they demanded. They had to satisfy that constituency with the promised peace and bread.
Later in the civil war war communism was Trotsky's department. And he had his projects cut short for the sake of ending those wars asap.
Stalin changed policy on his own, and only after years of having the instruments of the state firmly under control and a big portion of the rural population on board.