Why has the conversation shifted to consumerism instead of income?
People want to consume. One may raise some
environmental objections to that, but generally the desire to consume is understandable, and it would be good if people consumed better-quality (less
disposable) stuff. So the problem is one of income. Lack of income is what drives up debt. Income is sucked into rents, other expenses get covered with increasing debt. This suits the "investor" class just fine because they make their money ultimately on increasing debt.
The "money" is in fact claims on other people: debt. The wealthy cannot keep getting wealthier unless the stock of debt keeps growing.
If you want to end the debt problem you need to shift political power in society away from the wealthy into the workers. Enabling the increase of their income and the reduction of the debt stock. It is impossible to reduce the debt stick without reducing the accumulated debt of the wealthier class. The
assets of the wealthy are essentially other people's debts, and other people's needs which force those people to pay rents.
If you have capitalism, you need
strong unions as described here to even have a
hope of averting snowballing debt. Constant accumulation of wealth depends on growing debt. Capitalist "stability" (a misnomer, it's just extending the time to crisis), the averting of crisis where the wealthy lose a lot of money, can only be achieved by continuously increasing debt. Make interest rates zero and theoretically it could go on and on... except that the wealthy then accumulate all assets and charge increasingly oppressive rents on them also. Hence the "housing crisis" so many people who thought themselves of as middle class complain about.
As the wealth transfer continues society slides into a kind of neofeudalism... but it's not feudalism, make no mistake. The state remains all powerful and can change the rues in a moment, make or break the wealthy class. Their losses were averted in 2008, are still being averted, their wealth accumulation continuing, because they are the one class protected by the state, benefiting from control over public policy making. The policy makers come from that class...