link
Serbia Enlists Some Unlikely Faces
By NICHOLAS WOOD
Published: December 24, 2007
BELGRADE, Serbia — As the dispute over Kosovo’s future nears a climax, the Serbian government has enlisted the support of some the world’s best known statesmen — all of them dead.
For the past two weeks, billboards carrying the images of Washington, Lincoln, Kennedy, Churchill and de Gaulle have appeared throughout the country above the mantra “Kosovo is Serbia!”
Next to their pictures are extracts of their speeches, each one selected, and adapted in some cases, to support Serbia’s desire to keep the province of Kosovo from declaring independence.
The twist is all the stranger because Serbs have so far looked mostly to Russia for assistance, because most Western countries have supported Kosovo’s independence drive.
But there is Churchill, cigar in hand, alongside an excerpt from a speech urging the British to stand up against Nazi Germany: “We shall defend what is ours. We shall never surrender.”
Washington’s head appears in front of a billowing American flag with an approximate quote from the American Revolution: “The time is near at hand which must determine whether we are to be free men or slaves.” (Washington used the word “Americans” where the Serbian version uses “we.”
By borrowing words from some of the greatest Western leaders, the authors of the billboard campaign say they are offering not only a note of defiance but also a means of finding some common ground with the West as it collides with Serbia over Kosovo’s future.
“We are trying to remind people there are Western politicians who say it is all right to defend your state,” said Dragoslav Bokan, the director of Arts and Crafts, the marketing agency commissioned by the Serbian government to undertake the poster campaign.
The United States and a majority of European governments have indicated they believe that the United Nations administration of Kosovo, in place since 1999, is untenable and that ethnic Albanians, who make up nearly 90 percent of the population, should be granted an independent state.
Last week, the European Union approved a new mission that would replace the United Nations and help supervise Kosovohe state if it became an independent state. Serbia’s prime minister, Vojislav Kostunica, reacted angrily to the decision, accusing the Union of attempting to set up “a puppet state” on Serbian soil.
According to Mr. Bokan, the question now posed by those who favor Serbian integration into the European Union — and according to opinion polls they are an increasingly narrow majority here — is how to resolve that clash of interests. How can Serbs identify with the West and oppose what it is doing to Serbia?
Senior advisers in the Serbian government portray the controversy over Kosovo in stark terms, suggesting there is no point in Serbia’s joining a bloc that would occupy Serbian territory.
As the dispute has continued, and as pro-Russian rhetoric has increased, especially from government officials, many Serbs are bewildered, Mr. Bokan said.
For all their ties with Russia, including a shared Christian Orthodox faith and military alliances dating back two centuries, Serbs today seem to have far more in common with the West. Serbia borders the European Union to the north and east and does not border Russia, Mr. Bokan noted. And Serbs, he said, play in the National Basketball Association in the United States and for soccer clubs throughout Europe. “Ask anybody the name of a Russian film director, composer or even rock group and they will struggle, but they can name five or six American directors,” he said.
The poster campaign, Mr. Bokan said, is a reminder that Serbs can still fight for their cause and be Europeans.
Ljiljana Smajlovic, the editor of Politika, a conservative newspaper that has run a vigorous campaign against Kosovo’s independence, is more specific.
“I don’t expect the government to go to war” over Kosovo, she said in a telephone interview. “But I expect them to go to court over this. I think one can be a good European and still protest this.”
Regional commentators say it is also possible to see a gloomier outcome, one in which Serbia seeks strength in its history as a nation surrounded by enemies, proudly defiant, even at terrible costs.
Serbia’s most celebrated battle is a defeat at the hand of the Turks in Kosovo; its national motto is “Only Unity Can Save the Serbs.”
It is a big mistake “to underestimate the strength of Serbian ‘inat,’” or spite, William Montgomery, a former American ambassador to Serbia and Montenegro, wrote in a recent column for B92, an independent news service based in Belgrade.
“They may well know full well that they will be hurting themselves more than anyone else with some of their actions, but that doesn’t mean that they won’t go ahead anyway,” he wrote.
Or, in the words of Kennedy, and his billboard, “A man does what he must — in spite of personal consequences, in spite of obstacles and dangers, and pressures — and that is the basis of all human morality.”