INDIA 1500
A very very rough guide
Map of major states, c.1525:
http://www.india-history.com/medival-india/babur-invasion.html
The major states:
The Islamic
Kingdom of Kabul, ruled by none other than the famous Babur of the Mughals, descendent of Timur Lenk and Genghis Khan. As the Timurid Empire collapsed in the late 15th century chiefs and warlords set up their own state. Babur’s was one of them and is centred in Afghanistan and Kashmir and gaining strength.
The
Sultanate of Delhi, ruled by the Lohdi Dynasty. The sultan in 1500 was Sikandar Lodhi, who is generally a nice sort of chap and forged good relations with the Afghan warlords and
Bengal, another Muslim state.
Two other Muslim states are in the Indus valley,
Multan and
Sind. In Rajasthan are the
Rajput states under the (not always respected) leadership of Mewar. The Rajputs are from many clans and sometimes fight or betray each other. They claim descent from the Kshatriya warrior caste and are known as fierce, anti-Muslim warriors, and often conflict with the surrounding Muslim states.
The
Sultanate of Malwa still holds a lot of influence in central India. Nearby is the
Sultanate of Gujarat. Sometimes they banded together to fight the Rajputs to the north, sometimes they just fight each other.
The
Gondwana region comprised of three kingdoms: Garha-Mandla, Deogarh-Nagpur and Chanda-Sirpur. In Orissa there is the hindu
Gajapati Kingdom, which is quite weak compared to its neighbours the Bahmani and Vijayanagar. The Islamic
Bahmani Kingdom was the remaint of the Bahmani Sultanate which dominates Central India until its collapse in the late 15th century. By 1500 it began to break up into small rival states: Ahmadnagar, Bijapur, Berar, Bidar and Golconda (known as the
Deccan Sultanates). Bahmani’s nemesis, the Hindu kingdom of
Vijayanagar, still stands strong as of 1500, as the superpower of the Indian subcontinent.
In the south the
Portuguese arrived at the end of the 15th century and have already conquered the important ports of Calicut and Cochin. Relations with the Vijayanagar have been generally cordial (the same cannot be said for the Deccan Sultanates)
I hope that help