If you have a large empire, patronage won't benefit you as much. Patronage is appropriate for small-medium empires, diplomatic victory, Greece or Siam. Plus I find CS require too much babysitting. The AI often conquer your allied CS if you don't intervene.
It's a matter of playstyle
City-States = teh meta (esp Maritime)
So by association, Patronage = teh meta.
No matter what your strategy is, you can't go wrong with Patronage.
On the other hand, if you want to play this game with a little unborken challenge, turn off City-States.
Patronage is cool, but not completely needed. If you keep a healthy economy, you can keep 2 maritime CS allied without much problem. More if you do some of their quests here and there, or even better liberate one.
How do you "liberate" a city state?
You don't take patronage to save gold you take it to get +50-100 science +6-10 happyness
Large empires get major benefits from Maritime CS.
You liberate a city state when it has been conquered by an AI and you conquer it. There's an option to liberate it rather than to puppet or annex it. If you liberate it, it will be allied for quite a long time .. neilkaz ..
City-States = teh meta (esp Maritime)
So by association, Patronage = teh meta.
No matter what your strategy is, you can't go wrong with Patronage.
On the other hand, if you want to play this game with a little unborken challenge, turn off City-States.