There seems to be a ever growing number of people who wants to have independents. Striving for World Peace, would it be best to have a large number of nations or very few in the world?
In overall relative terms, the world has now entered the most peaceful era humankind has ever experienced. The whole North Atlantic region has entered some sort of Peace Zone which now is stretching to include most of Central and South America. Outright war between states or significant internal wars seems unlikely from Australia to Thailand to Vietnam, temple mangling aside.
Although Africa is still volatile, the Sudans, Congo, Somalia, Arab Spring, West African coups and wars, a lot of Africa has settled into some sort of relative calm. South Africa, Namibia, Gabon, Botswana, Kenya and many others are neither on the brink of war or civil collapse, though not devoid of dangerous social problems.
Yet the number of countries has grown from fify-something in the 1900s to over almost two hundred now. If we are striving for 'world peace' as vague and as undefined as that word can get, it's not a matter of how many independent peoples and states are, but the ability of states, few or many, to provide their citizens with a sense of social and economic progress and on the international level, for states to use less rhetoric, to be more tolerant, more understanding and more 'cosmopolitan'.
Since the end of the Cold War, nations are no longer so divided into clearly black or white camps. The ability for people, ideas and goods to transcend national boundaries has in a way 'united' people, no matter how loose that is. So despite the South Sudans, East Timors, Palestines and Kosovos of recent political history and the upheaval they cause, the world is increasingly getting more invested in balancing the different clashes of interest than to let them divide them.
One Chinese aircraft built and a few thousand American troops in Darwin does not take away the increasing relations between China and the USA, economical, political and social. Hopefully, with time, the peoples of both countries will drop their suspicions and realise that many of them are the same middle and working class families, aiming for a better life.