@ JTMacc
I suppose the game would be pretty much lost if you had to tech Iron Working and found no iron at all, huh?
I'm not sure I buy your claim that Monarchy can be skipped because you might found a couple of religions... that just seems kind of risky, I think it could work but definitely Monarchy is a more sure bet for eliminating unhappiness.
No Iron, copper or horses. Small continent. Viking Neighbors. Yes, that would be a
difficult situation. Spam archers, found a religion, try to make the big guy friendly, and see if you can get longbows and expand off of the continent as soon as possible. Definitely go for Monarchy/Hereditary Rule in this situation. First, it would give you a diplomacy bonus with Rags. Second, you actually need to have a boatload of units, so you might as well use them to solve your happy issues. Third, it's on the path to longbows.
As for why I say you can blow off Monarchy in the scenario I proposed:
1. With no angry neighbor, and really no neighbors at all, you don't actually need to build a lot of units.
2. When you isolate yourself, you need to come up with a plan to tech efficiently until you can start trading with other civs again.
3. So, I propose that you build half price libraries and temples in your cities. You run scientist specialists pretty much everywhere. You beeline code of laws for religion #1, and you use a Great Scientist to bulb Philosophy for religion #2. You flip into Pacifism (which will be pretty good, since you don't need a large army) AND you prioritize Aesthetics so that you can build the Parthenon since you have Marble.
4. Enjoy a great person bonanza allowing you to bulb your way right up through liberalism, plus you can build a couple shrines to generate some nice profits.
5. Happy problems are addressed as follows: State Religion +1. Temple +1. Gems +1. Forge +1 (for the gems). Sugar +1. This will get you to a size 9 city (10 in the capital) once you're up through Calendar. It's not great, but you will probably be running as many specialists as possible in your high food cities, so they're not going to be able to grow much past 9 anyway. If you find some other happy resources around (preferably gold or silver) you'd be set for a long time.
Even without another metal, what I'm saying is that you could kill Rags with swords really early on, (bring some spears and destroy that horse pasture ASAP) and then choose a research path that gives you Code of Laws -> bulb Philosophy, Aesthetics, Masonry, Metal Casting and Calendar. That group, combined with some good civics, wonders, and specialists will put you on a really good path to be ready for the rest of the world when you meet them. You may or may not decide to pick up monarchy on your own as you go along, but I don't think you need to prioritize it IF you kill Rags really early.