Alright, I reinstalled the game, added it as an exception to all my firewalls (Windows Defender and Avast), made sure it was intact and tested with turning your mod on and off.
Results are the same; game works perfectly fine, but all the Civilopedia entries on Great People are all empty and the Great People tab won't open. (so when the first claim comes along and I'm forced to pick it, I can't advance the game). The same happens if I turn off your mod and use only the original Real Great People mod. Without any mod, the game loads the Great People data correctly and fully.
None of your files seems to be the source of the problem. It all seems to be the fault of the RGP mod. I don't understand why it's entering in conflict with my new computer, though.
Do you want any extra info? Specs, OS, logs? At this point I'm pulling my hair at this and would be willing to send you my entire log file. Let me know how I can help you help me.
PS: I will update all my drivers to cross out this possibilty, just to be sure.
Update: Not a driver problem, everything is up to date. Also checked the Real Great People mod and, yeah, seems people with Linux are having the exact same problem. I don't know what Windows 10 Home edition has in common with it, though, lol