BASIC INFORMATION
Short Name: Korea
Full Name: United Republic of Korea (URK)
Color: 218 36 29
Provinces:
Red is core territory I'm not compromising on, Blue is stretch territory (in particular I'm a bit wary of the most northwest province as being too much, but the borders look *awful* without it. I'm trying to base it off of
this
DESCRIPTION
Give me a history of your polity and as well as some additional information you feel are important to provide. These will affect your starting situation as well.
CIVIL ASPECTS
Politics: The unique political system of the United Republic of Korea was a result of negotiations between mutinying troops of South Korea coming to the negotiation table with North Korean forces, themselves engaged in a power struggle against their leadership. Pre-war, socialism was broadly popular amongst the population of the peninsula, as it was communists and other socialist groups who served as the main form of resistance against the Japanese. However, even as some South Koreans welcomed the North as liberators, President Rhee's regime did have its legitimate supporters, and there fears of the WPK getting increasingly closer to Stalin might mean Kim and his supporters would try to export a totalitarian regime on the South. This was intolerable to the Southern forces, who wanted some guarantee for the nominal democratic rights that they had (even if, in practice, South Korea was a military dictatorship).
The end result was the creation of a democratic socialist republic, one that guaranteed comprehensive land reform and wealth redistribution of the country, but also one which allowed for every citizen to have the right to participate in government and have a say in how it was operated. Strong constitutional provisions were put into place for union protections, defining what is (and heavily regulating, if not outright banning) private property vs personal property, and setting the legal concept for a maximum income. Freedom of speech, association, and religion were also included in the constitution, along with mandating regular elections and the rights of accused in the judicial system.
The political system of Korea is best described as a decentralized, yet unitary, government. Each municipality has a local government, the size and scope depending on the size of the community. A small village has the option to combine the legislative and the executive branch to form a town board, but a larger city would be expected to have a separate local Assembly (as legislative branches in Korea are called), along with a Mayor or Mayor-like role as an executive. Larger cities have more oversight by the central government in how exactly their government is structured, due to them servicing a larger population, but in general, there is a preference to allow communities to organize their specific municipal government to structure themselves to fit their specific needs. Regardless, there is also always a local judicial branch as well; local courts who deal with criminal and civil cases that only impact the specific community. The municipal's government's main job is to provide local utilities and services, such as roads, sewage systems, and the day-to-day affairs of local education (national education policies being held by the unitary government).
The decision to go with one, unitary government, rather than taking a federal approach, was to emphasize the nature of the unity of the Korean people, and to more quickly erode the identities of North and South Korean. The legislative branch is a unicameral system known as the Assembly (the old South Korean legislative branch being called the National Assembly, and North Korean People's Assembly, Assembly was a term both could readily agree to), which operates on a traditional single seat system. The Assembly is constitutionally mandated to make sure the average representation per 100,000 people remains as close to the standardized ideal of 1.5. A term lasts for four years, and the entire Assembly is up for election at the same time.
Due to fears of creating another President Rhee, the authority of the executive branch is divided between a Prime Minister (the head of government) and a President (head of state). The Prime Minister heads the day-to-day functioning of the Assembly, and is the one expected to set legislative goals and to make sure government is running smoothly. The President, on the other hand, is the ceremonial head of state, and is supposed to represent the country itself. While the Prime Minister is selected by the Assembly, the President is directly elected every four years, at the same time that elections for the Assembly go through.
The current government in power, and the largest party in terms of membership, is the Korean Democratic Party, founded in 1945 by Korean independence actvist (and the first President of the United Republic) Cho Man-sik. The KDP is a democratic socialist party, that wishes to mantain the democratic traditions of the Republic largely as they currently are, while providing a strong, modern safety net. They are also in favor of the status quo of Korea's foreign policy, wishing to keep Korea independent of any power blocs while continuing to participate on the global stage. The two main oppossition parties are the Workers' Party of Korea and the Reformed Liberal Party. The WPK was formed in North Korea as the merger of various socialist and communist parties, and to this day advocates for a stronger executive government, moves towards a command economy, rapprochement towards the Soviet Union (the only major party to still hold a positive view of them), and, in the most extreme wing, perhaps even a move towards an orthodox ML one-party state. The Reformed Liberal Party, the only party to form after the formation of the United Republic (specifically a union of various different South Korean political parties, much in the same way the WPK was to the North), serves as a hodgepodge collection of social democrats and radical liberals who form the right-side of the Overton Window of the URK. Largely only a thing in former South Korea, the RLP wishes to open up the Korean government to more private enterprise, give more authority to municipal governments, and add stronger property rights to the constitution. The RLP does not have a coherent foreign policy in its ranks, with members ranging from full-on isolationism to a desire to make the East Sea into a Korean lake, and everything in between.
Economy: Briefly describe the economic situation in your polity, how it works, its current state, what it has and lacks etc.
Diplomacy: Korea was historically a nation that practiced isolationism; its isolationist policies lasted longer than any other East Asian nation, even surviving an attempt by the United States to open it by force in 1871. Not only that, but its experiences with its neighbors have been, in recent memory, mostly awful. The Japanese brutally colonized the region once Korea's historical benefactor, China, was exposed to the world as weak. A period of national resistance against the Japanese followed, even supported by foreign nations such as the Soviet Union, but when independence was finally secured at the end of the Second World War, Korea was simply carved up by the foreign powers, installing two unpopular and oppresive governments, and turned Korea into the next worldwide battlefield. Only did the meteor hitting the world, perhaps a sign of providence, did Korea finally have the means to liberate itself from foreign oppression.
By no means does this mean that Korea wants to return to isolationism; if anything, Korea's refusal to engage in diplomatic relations in the late 19th century exasperated many of the problems the country would face in the next century. The pen is a mighty weapon, perhaps mightier than the sword, and pretending the outside world doesn't exist doesn't help anyone. However, it remains deeply distrustful of foreign governments, particularly the Soviet Union and the new Japanese administration. It sees in both especially states that will, at its earliest opportunity, attempt to reimpose Korean subservience to their empires, regardless if that is even the Soviet or Japanese intention. If there
was an American government, said distrust would also extend to them, but it appears many of the American successor states explicity repudiate the policies of the former USA, and the URK is reluctantly willing to let bygones be bygones.
When dealing with other nations beyond those three, Korea has the policy of benevolent non-intervention. Don't antagonize Korea, and Korea will not attempt to antagonize you. There is no willpower in Kaesong to enforce Korean ideology or hegemony to peoples it does not consider to be Korean. Even the idea of international interventions into other countries rubs Korea the wrong way, as they were on the receiving end of such an operation and they believe it only made the precarious political situation on the peninsula even worse. That is not to say that Korea is pacifistic by any imagination, but merely that it is not looking to start any conflicts.
On a more peaceful note, Korea is interested in the more peaceful element of national cooperation. The United Republic of Korea is proud of its ancient culture and traditions, and is more than willing to engage in cultural outreach programs to show the world how far it has come just one hundred years ago. The United Republic was a founding member of the reformed United Nations (although it really wished a different name was picked, finding the name brought up bad memories of 1950, along with also being used as a name for a government branch internally), hoping that it can help make the third time be the charm that the world needs for long-term peace.
Research: The United Republic of Korea's leadership recognizes and appreciates that the good fortune of the country is based on no small part on simply being lucky enough that they were in the right place at the wrong time. The world's most advanced military equipment was left behind in Korea after the meteor hit, and the material advantage the Koreans had on their neighbors guaranteed its security for decades. As the rest of the world rebuilds, Korea understands reverse engineering old tech only can get them so far, and to keep the advantage of parity required domestic research and development.
Korean technology tends to focus on what is "immediately useful", rather than chasing blue sky research that may or may not be leading anywhere. If there is a choice to refine technology that is already working perfectly fine, or an attempt to engage in a paradigm shift, the Korean government will prefer to prioritize the former.
MILITARY ASPECTS
Army: The United Korean Army in the immediate wake of the collaspe inherited the equipment and doctrines of the intervening powers in the country. A battalion carrying M2 carbines, supported by T-34s, wearing Chinese uniforms, would not have been out of place circa the 1960s. Since then, a general modernization program has attempted to synthesize these myriad of influences into one distinctly Korean military, based on indigenous doctrine and tactics. These tactics, in turn, are based primarily on the American doctrine of combined arms and superior firepower, mixed with influences of Chinese short attack to bluff unit sizes.
One of the interesting relics of the Korean War is the United Nations Korean Command, a service branch within the Army that is completely unrelated to the reformed UN and instead one of the last relics of the old UN. As many foreign volunteers within Korea were left stranded after the fall of the meteor, their place within Korean society after the end of the war was ambiguous. Few identified with the land, but fewer actually had the means to return home. Furthermore, many within the North were distrustful of these foreign soldiers, as they were seen as the primary reason why the South was even able to hold out against the North, and were some of the last to actually turn on Rhee. Ultimately, however, it was agreed at Kaesong that long-term reconciliation could only happen if the foreign soldiers were allowed to integrate themselves within Korean society. The UNKC was therefore created as a means to allow the UN troops to serve in separate units from the main Korean forces (who were dealing with their own issues of integration between two sides that were just months prior killing each other). Membership in the UNKC was open to all members of the "foreign nations" (including those who fought for the North, particularly China) who wished to continue fighting for and with the Korean people. Roughly analogous to the pre-event French Foreign Legion, these units were trained as elite shock troops, and used for the most dangerous missions which the government expected heavy causalities. The success of the program led it to continue even as the Korean War-era people retired, as the program was successfully able to draw in new recruits as the world stabilized. Those who serve one full tour of duty, or see combat, are awarded Korean citizenship, making it a popular entry for those wishing to immigrate to Korea.
Navy: After the meteor fell, many of the foreign interventionist forces that had the means of going home, did. This was mostly limited to the various navies, who quickly took their ships and sailed back to their ports in America and Europe. As Korea just recently gained their independence from Japan prior to these events, the end result is that Korea effectively had no navy. Not only that, but the collapse meant that it was unlikely that an invasion would come from the sea, so there was no real reason to invest into a Navy either. The end result was that there was no political will to build an indigenous navy, and it remained by far the most underfunded branch of the Korean Armed Forces. The days of Admiral Yi and his turtle ships are long behind Korea, and there is little will to revisit it unless a major naval threat emerges in the region.
Air Force: The Korean War was the first conflict in human history where jet aircraft dueled one another. The Soviet Union, the Americans, and the British spared no expense getting their most highly advanced aircraft into the peninsula, in order to fight a modern air war to secure air superiority. These aircraft were left behind after the meteor hit Earth, and while combat and attrition did a number to reduce the stock of MiG-15s, Sabres, and other aircraft, some still remained operational by reunification. These surviving aircraft were treasured as the pinnacle of modern military technology, and the operation of working aircraft gave Korea a marked advantage in the early rebuilding world. The fascination with the working warbirds did not end in the early rebuilding. Much like with the army, design philosophies of both Soviet and Anglo-American planes would be synthesized in Korea by the 1970s, as the first indigenous designs were constructed by a burgeoning avionics industry that was likewise recently established.
To this day, Korea focuses on an air force based on quality over quantity. These planes are built with cutting edge technology, a legacy from operating planes for so long, and include modern stealth plating, long range AAMs, and advanced tracking systems. Fighters are the specialty of the United Korean Air Force, given that they were mostly what they have been working with for the past 50 years. Much like the JSF F-35, there is an attempt to consolidate as much roles as possible onto one configurable airframe, both to somewhat save on costs, but simply out of operational inertia, for that is how they operated in their entire history.
Intel: The United Republic's intelligence branch is rather informal, a result of the fact that most of the security concerns Korea had in the past half-century could generally be solved through judicious use of better equipment and technology. That is not to say that military intelligence operatives don't exist, but there is no separate branch of the armed forces that exclusively deals in intelligence. Most intelligence gathering on a non-strictly battlefield related purpose is instead gained from the diplomatic corps of Korea, where diplomats and ambassadors often have informal networks of confidants and agents who help weave the thread of international relations to a nation that mostly tries to remain intentionally somewhat isolated from the world.