Some thoughts on crossbows vs. longbows

G-Max

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This has probably already been discussed to death, but whatever...

After a series of wars with Montezuma in which he repeatedly tried to attack Dallas with Jags while I systematically razed his cities with a stack of mixed axemen and swordsmen, it dawned on me that Crossbows are MUCH better for city-defense than Longbows are. It's true that it seems counter-intuitive; LBs have a general city-defense bonus, whereas CBs are a special anti-melee weapon, like axemen but with City Garrison instead of City Raider. So why do I give the nod to crossbows for city-defense purposes?

1) In the relevant time period, the only real threat to cities comes from melee and siege units: axemen, swordsmen, macemen, catapults, and trebuchets (and theoretically spear/pikemen, but nobody uses those to attack cities). Mounted units are great at intercepting and killing units outside of cities, or pillaging the improvements around a city, but they lack two very important things: the City Raider promotion and the ability to receive defensive boni. This makes them extremely susceptible to counterattack. Generally speaking, a maceman with City Raider I&II will fare much better against a city than a knight with Combat I&II will, so it's more important to defend against the maceman.

2) It helps to remember that you should defend a city with more than one unit. A crossbow and a pikeman complement each other EXTREMELY well, just in case your opponent is attacking with a LOT of mounted units, but what would you complement a longbow with? Another longbow? Sorry, but a city with a crossbow and a pikeman is much better-defended than a city with two longbows, or one longbow and one of any other unit.

2) I've covered melee and mounted units so far, but what about siege units? Yes, a longbowman will have a better chance of surviving or repelling an attacking trebuchet than the crossbowman will. But are you just going to sit there and take your pounding like a man in the hopes that the trebuchets will all eventually suicide themselves against your longbows? If so, you're the one committing suicide. You need to attack those trebuchets, and chances are high that they're hiding in a stack of melee units with City Raider and no defensive promotions. The longbow's bonus only applies when being attacked. The crossbow's bonus applies whether it's attacking or defending. I used this to devastating advantage as my lone crossbowman in Dallas counterattacked and decimated stacks of enemy Jags. Yes, it's an extreme example, and the valiant crossbowman eventually died, but still... it was AWESOME. Crossbow for the win.

4) Maybe this is just me, but I usually beeline the production and industrial techs. Every civilization, regardless of its path to victory, requires well-functioning transportation, entertainment, and sanitation systems, which means Mathematics for Aqueducts, Construction for coliseums and bridges, and Engineering for faster roads. Machinery is a prerequisite for Engineering but Feudalism isn't, so crossbows get picked up anyway, whereas getting longbows would be a time-consuming detour (later, after doing the Liberalism-Gunpowder double-dip, I go down the Printing Press -> Replaceable Parts -> Steam Power -> Assembly Line -> Industrialism path, stopping for Steel and Railroad along the way; this requires eventually picking up Feudalism, but I'm already using muskets, so it doesn't make a difference).

5) Sometimes, you'll see a n00b defending their cities with melee units and no archers. Attack their cities with crossbows for epic lulz.

In summation: crossbows are better at defending your cities against the units that pose the biggest threat, they work better in stacks of mixed unit types, they're better at counterattacking enemy stacks of doom, they're already on the path to Engineering, and they're hilarious to pwn n00bs with. Longbows are better when your enemy is attacking your cities with either archers or unprotected siege units, in which case they're a n00b and you should pwn them. Or siege units that are protected by archers standing on a hills tile... hmmm... note to self: when building cities next to hills tiles, put archers on said hills tiles before opponents do.
 
This is quite an interesting way to put it--also, using the crossbows with greater priority over the longbows is rather accurate--the actual longbows (the ones the English developed) came to the scene by the late Middle Ages (ca. 1300 something). Also, interestingly enough, the Catholic Church banned the use of crossbows as weapons for war due to them being 'too powerful'. Then again, many players prefer longbows because they're cheaper & resourceless. I might have to try those strategies you mention soon.
 
That's the Cool Factor with the Civilization franchise - formulating personal strategies and tactics. No right answer for everyone. I personally do use the longbowmen since I park all my cities on hilltops and the longbow gets both free advantages, and because it is a cheap upgrade from the simple archer - but your milage may vary.
 
These are good points, but usually my cities are garrisoned by things like warriors and chariots for the entire game. It's best to not get in situations where you have to defend in cities, and instead invest in siege + offensive units so you can cut down enemy stacks with collateral before they reach your cities.
 
Crossbows are only better against horseless opponents. They require iron, too.

Well, if you have access to iron, then requiring iron isn't a drawback; if you don't have iron, then you don't have a choice, so it doesn't matter which is better :p

I park all my cities on hilltops

Really? That's a cool idea, but you miss some of the best city sites that way.

If we ever meet up online, remind me to wait until the gunpowder era before attacking your cities :lol:
 
In summation: crossbows are better at defending your cities against the units that pose the biggest threat, they work better in stacks of mixed unit types, they're better at counterattacking enemy stacks of doom, they're already on the path to Engineering, and they're hilarious to pwn n00bs with. Longbows are better when your enemy is attacking your cities with either archers or unprotected siege units, in which case they're a n00b and you should pwn them. Or siege units that are protected by archers standing on a hills tile... hmmm... note to self: when building cities next to hills tiles, put archers on said hills tiles before opponents do.

It wouldn't make a notable difference against a reasonably powerful invasion force anyway. By the time you have machinery, your opponents generally have construction and war elephants. Until engineering, war elephants do not have a hard counter and will eat crossbows alive. By the time you get to engineering, your opponents tend to have civic service where you have to deal with macemen.

So really, this is only useful against barbs (which tend not to do anything after you reach medieval age anyway) and technologically deficient opponents.
 
In a city on a hill, a Longbow actually gets a solid +50% for all unit types, making it better than Crossbows in that situation.
Also, the plot you build a city on usually has no effect on a city site's viability as 'one of the best', so I don't see what's wrong with sticking to the hills as far as the idea on paper goes.

Anyways, I've realized the benefits of Crossbows myself (and the frustration of them when your SoD is almost entirely composed of maces), so I like to have 1 Crossbow along with 1 Longbow in every city for garrison.
 
In a city on a hill, a Longbow actually gets a solid +50%

It's 75%, actually. The longbow's abilities give it 50%, and the hills themselves give another 25% to any non-siege, non-mounted unit standing on them.

Also, the plot you build a city on usually has no effect on a city site's viability as 'one of the best'

On any given map, some of the best city sites will be on hills, and some won't. By sticking to the hills, you're missing out on a lot of good sites. Unless you're playing a Highlands map, of course... :D

I like to have 1 Crossbow along with 1 Longbow in every city for garrison.

You're not the first person to come up with this idea, you know ;). However, it doesn't really add much to the "which is better?" debate...
 
I also tend to use a combination of longbows and crossbows for defence.. but I think the longbow defender is more important.

To me, the main use of crossbows is to help escort my attack stacks. I bring a couple of crossbows alongside all the melee and siege units so that I don't get counter-attacked by macemen.
 
Naw, it's Archers who get +50% city defense... Longbows only get +25% city defense, so it is +50% total for hilled city, and not +75%.

If it were 50% city defense anyway, Longbows would always automatically be better than Crossbows at defending cities, since they're both Strength 6.
 
These are good points, but usually my cities are garrisoned by things like warriors and chariots for the entire game. It's best to not get in situations where you have to defend in cities, and instead invest in siege + offensive units so you can cut down enemy stacks with collateral before they reach your cities.

This is a valid point. If you are frequently defending cities or needing heavily garrison a lot of them, then likely you are not in the situation you would hope to be in. However, if you are playing at high levels of difficulty or have a frontier city close to powerful enemy or have just taken a city (or two) and the enemy has drafted a huge army and is on the counter attack, then city defence becomes an option.

Also, there are times in which you don't mind letting an enemy SOD burn itself out on a well defended city and then counter attack what is left of the stack.
 
Spearmen

Macemen vs. crossbows is not a fair fight... both get +50% versus melee, but only one is melee.
Spearmen have 4 strength and war elephants have 8. Macemen have 8 strength and crossbowmen have 9 effective strength against them.

In order to mount a useful counter attack, your strength needs to be quite a bit higher than your opponent. Otherwise, you can't win fights consistently.
 
Naw, it's Archers who get +50% city defense... Longbows only get +25% city defense, so it is +50% total for hilled city, and not +75%.

You said "city on a hill". Longbows get +25 for the city and +25 for the hill, plus the 25 that the hill gives to every unit, for a total of 75.

You failz at maths.

Spearmen have 4 strength and war elephants have 8. Macemen have 8 strength and crossbowmen have 9 effective strength against them.

In order to mount a useful counter attack, your strength needs to be quite a bit higher than your opponent. Otherwise, you can't win fights consistently.

Spearmen actually have 8 strength when fighting mounted units, which elephants are, not counting whatever bonus they get from culture and/or city walls. There's no need to counterattack the elephants or the macemen in this particular case. You just let them kill themselves until they retreat.
 
Spearmen actually have 8 strength when fighting mounted units, which elephants are, not counting whatever bonus they get from culture and/or city walls.
Which is practically equal with elephants? However, elephants benefit more from promotions due to having a higher base.

And of course, for pure defensive purpose, longbow is much better than spearmen even against mounted units.

There's no need to counterattack the elephants or the macemen in this particular case. You just let them kill themselves until they retreat.
This nullifies your earlier statement about counterattacks then:

2) I've covered melee and mounted units so far, but what about siege units? Yes, a longbowman will have a better chance of surviving or repelling an attacking trebuchet than the crossbowman will. But are you just going to sit there and take your pounding like a man in the hopes that the trebuchets will all eventually suicide themselves against your longbows? If so, you're the one committing suicide. You need to attack those trebuchets, and chances are high that they're hiding in a stack of melee units with City Raider and no defensive promotions.

In fact... that appears to be the point you are trying to sell.
 
That paragraph was assuming that your opponent wasn't a 'tard. Anyone who sends elephants to attack a city defended by spearmen, or macemen to attack a city guarded by crossbows, is a 'tard.
 
:)
My front-line cities would typically be defended by spearmen (or pikemen), crossbows, and longbows. So I guess anyone who attempts to attack me at all is a tard. :p

Actually, I only start building spearmen if I can see that the enemy is going to threaten me with mounted units... but my point is that it is typically the defender that gets to choose what type of units the attacker must fight against, because it's the defender's land and thus easier for the defender to get the appropriate units into position.
 
:)
My front-line cities would typically be defended by spearmen (or pikemen), crossbows, and longbows. So I guess anyone who attempts to attack me at all is a tard. :p

I sure as hell wouldn't suicide my troops against a defense like that...
 
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