Hit a Boost? I am not sure what this means
Its helped me realize that an early library with specialist outstrips adjacency.
Adjacency! Its good to have it if it comes naturally. Its also good to buy it (very early, for the first couple of cities - if its crazy (e.g. +3,+4). Otherwise, IMO, one of the biggest mistakes players make is investing large amounts of money or delaying districts to get a +1,+2 adjacency
I've had quick victories where campus adjacency bonus - when doubled with the policy - would yield +40/+50 science.
But, I also had some where mountains were rare and adjacency yields were negligible. So I would not even use the adjacency card.
Good table btw.
It gets better though. There's a few Great Scientists that are almost game changers. My experience is this:
So:
Hypatia - Classical era - +1 science to libraries. (+2 after rationalism).
Amazing as it speeds things up early. But in most games you will not get it.
Newtown - Renaisance - +2 science to universities (+4 after rationalism).
Great as it also comes early enough. You get him in majority (but not all) of the games. Easy to miss on Deity/Immortal. Pretty much guaranteed if you go for Divine Spark.
For example, if you grab him at around T90 - assuming you have rationalism and 10 universities at T100.
Einstein - Modern - +4 science to universities (+8 after rationalism)
Comes pretty much always. Although in some games - does not make that much of a difference (still appreciated). Does allow catching up on science. Especially amazing with civs (like Gorgo - that can reach Globalism early).
But when you add things up - all the provide maybe 1000-2000 effective extra science in total. Which is not that much (essentially, one late game tech) - but does slightly speed up progression.
Hit a Boost? I am not sure what this means.
Never tried the pillage route. But there's a few important boosts that you can get through a late war, from the top of my head:
Nationalism (declare a war with casus belli) - saves around 400-500 culture.
If you've founded a religion then there's often a chance to declare a Holy war. Protectorate war (when someone attacks your city-state is also great - but only had the chance to use it once).
Civil Engineering (build 7 specialty districts) - also saves around 400-500 culture.
Sometimes I, either due to map or my sloppiness, I might be missing the 7th district - so this is a way to get it.
The two above are the most important ones as culture and early democracy is precious!
But there's also a few potential science boosts (situational), that might be worth sending your idle army to get, such as
Plastics (build an oil well - for example, in a distant city state territory) or Nano-technology (build an aluminum mine).
Also, sometimes capturing a distant enemy/city state city is an ideal location to chop an aerodrome or a couple of sewers.
Now that all applies to regular games. But if you're playing deity, then sometimes it also makes sense to attack a very distant neighbour - often with underpowered troops - just to get a city or two for good boosts. For example, a far-away and runnaway Kongo can often yield both the archeological and art museum. In other games, I normally try to chop both (or at least the archeological) in one of my cities.