From a design standpoint, SMAC was a worthy successor to the turn-based classic Civilization II. The new title introduced important innovations on its predecessor’s basic 4X foundation of eXplore, eXpand, eXploit, and eXterminate: a living world that reacted to the player’s decisions, a system of borders that changed with each skirmish, a unit creator, and a realistic weather paradigm. The staying power of SMAC, however, can best be explained not by its game mechanics, but by the quality of the story that framed them.
Everything in SMAC was slavishly devoted to the creation of an atmosphere, from the eerie sound effects to the retro-futuristic user interface. Research and construction were supported by immersive quotations spoken by the actual characters found in the game. Colonization and even Civilization II had better music, but SMAC sounded better.
Unlike previous games from Microprose, the leaders of each faction had fully-realized personalities, relatable motivations, and sharp-edged agendas that directly informed their in-game strategy. They were all world-class intellectuals with something meaningful to say about the great problems of our time. They felt alive. And they also felt relevant.
The seven factions in the original game spoke directly to the anxieties of the global moment in 1999 when the game hit store shelves. Superpower conflict had given way to ethnic conflict. We were mapping the human genome and cloning the first sheep. Famine, acid rain, and the deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest were raising questions about whether humans would soon push our natural environment past its breaking point. “One World Government” came into the popular vernacular. And every Friday night, X-Files promised millions of viewers: the truth is out there. So here came the Academician Zakharov to talk to us about research, and here came CEO Nwabudike Morgan, a clear send-up of Bill Gates, to assure us that we should never feel guilty for excess.
Each faction’s philosophy implicitly answered three questions. What is the essential truth of the universe? Why did civilization on Earth fail? What is needed to ensure humanity’s survival into the future? The distinctiveness of each answer goes a very long way toward explaining why players found game designer Brian Reynolds’s creation so compelling--and why they continue to do so a quarter-century later.