Policarpa Salavarrieta (aka. La Pola) linked to a Colombia/Gran Colombia civilization.
She was a spy during the War of Independence and was executed by the Spanish Royalists.
She gathered military information that was important for the armies of Simón Bolívar and Santander to win the war and encouraged people, specially women, to fight on the Patriot side of the war, despite the restrictions that women faced in colonial New Granada/Colombia.
Immediately after her execution, she became quite famous and her image has been used as a personification of Colombia as a nation, specially during the 19th century. She later became a feminist symbol during the 20th century and still remains a quite beloved character of the history of Colombia.
Her in-game abilities can be related to espionage as well as culture, due to her being one of the "uniting" icons around which a post-colonial Colombian identity was formed.
(Fun fact: I bet the devs in Civ 6 thought of including her as a Comandante General for Gran Colombia, or at least had her in the radar, since her name is one of the possible citizen/spy names that can appear in Civ 6 for Gran Colombia. Perhaps she wasn't included due to her not being a military general per se, despite her contributions to the War of Independence).