I’ve never been of the persuasion that Civilization needs an equal amount of male and female leaders, nor a believer of the idea now in vogue that demographic representation is a first order value, but seeing as Firaxis probably leans towards those mindsets, and given that female leaders certainly add an aesthetic variety to the game, it’s an interesting thought experiment to ask which prominent females from history* would be fitting leaders* of their respective civilizations in the game.
There’s no need to limit your answer to only announced or likely civs, nor to omit civs with leaders already announced, nor to exclude female leaders for civilizations which would be better led by a male countryman.
*Or pseudo-history, legends, or mythology. The actual historical record can at times be scant regarding females
**leader strictly in the game mechanic sense, not necessarily a political leader per se.
I’ll get things started (in alphabetical order):
- America - Jackie Kennedy
- Anglo-Saxons - Lady Godiva
- Argentina - Eva Perón
- Britons - Boudica, Guinevere
- Byzantium - Saint Helena, Theodora
- Carthage - Dido
- Egypt - Cleopatra, Nefertiti
- England - Elizabeth I, Victoria
- France - Joan of Arc, Marie Antionette
- Germany - Gudrun
- Greece - Helen, Hippolyta
- Hawaii - Liliʻuokalani
- Israel - Ruth
- Norway - Lagertha
- Persians - Esther
- Powhatan - Pocahontas
- Rome - Lucretia, Rhea Silvia
- Russia - Anastasia
- Shoshone - Sacagawea
- Spain - Isabelle
I'm always a fan of Catherine/Russia, Elizabeth/England, Maria T/Austria, and Byzantine's Theodora.