I'll try to give my thought process; note that a lot of this is fairly instinctive - it's not like you should literally be thinking through every one of these steps consciously every game.
I look at this start and see two Agriculture food resources; that answers the question of what the first tech will be. It also answers the question of what my first build will be. I'll be going worker-first, agriculture first. I'm not going to move anywhere that gives up the rice or corn on this start. The warrior can't scout to the south or east. You could make a case for moving the warrior either 1NE or 1SW before settling; I chose 1SW on the off chance I found something beautiful that would persuade me to settle 1W.
Warrior finds stone in SIP (settle in place) BFC (big fat cross, workable city tiles), but nothing of interest further west. So I settle in place. As I said, first tech is Agriculture, first unit is worker.
This is why I turn huts off. Turn 9, and I've already gotten a huge boost - I popped bronze working from the very first hut I ran into. This means I know my capital has copper, and already know there's a good city site just south of my capital which will likely be my second city. It's also just a lot of beakers for free; I'm thrown well ahead of the AIs in tech.
I started Animal Husbandry after Agriculture because I was hoping to find horses, and was already looking at that Pig as a potential second city site depending on what was down there. The other obvious option would have been Bronze Working; as it turns out, I got lucky and get that for free. If I hadn't, my tech path would have been AGR -> AH -> BW.
Turn 10, I meet Gandhi. Being the bloody-minded sort that I am, I take one look at his pacifist smile and consider killing him early - an axe rush looks like a strong option here (given that it's Noble difficulty and Pangaea, I could have just warrior rushed but that's a bit
too cheesy). Note how I added a map notation (alt-s) at the spot where I met him marking the turn. It's not necessary, but I find stuff like this useful for keeping rough estimates of how far off AIs are early in the game before I find their borders, and it's particularly useful if you're going to post screenshots to the forum and ask for advice (so other people can judge where the AIs are roughly).
It would have been tempting to send a warrior scouting north to investigate Gandhi's lands now, but my warrior was way south so I just keep scouting that way with him and figure I'll use my second warrior to scout north.
Worker finishes. First priority is the corn - it's a 6

1

tile, which is the best first tile I'm going to get. Second priority is the copper - if I had worker turns to spare, I might get the rice first. But my one worker is going to be hard-pressed to keep up with capital growth off just the corn anyways, so copper then rice. Capital starts a warrior, to scout north a bit then come back and garrison.
I didn't meet any other neighbors until turn 29. Gandhi founded Buddhism, which makes rushing him even more interesting. It'll mean a bit more cultural defense, but he doesn't unit-spam and isn't Aggressive or Protective; he tends to be a pushover actually. By this point I've pretty much decided I will rush him, so my priorities are: 2 workers, 1 settler, 1 barracks in the capital, 2 warriors (to garrison the two cities) and a bunch of axes. On higher difficulties I'd probably try for 8-10 axes; on Noble, 5 axes is likely plenty but I'm gonna get 7 to be safe.
Meanwhile, my starting warrior has continued scouting and has mapped out quite a bit of the south and west, as well as getting me Writing and about 100 gold from good huts.
I got a second worker after my warrior (which I finished at size 3) while I farmed the rice, then I chopped out a settler with those workers. One of my workers hooked up the copper with a road, then starts chopping more trees to accelerate axe production. The other worker goes south to help the second city get set up.
Second city has priorities pigs then copper, building a warrior then just axes (no need for a barracks in this city; I don't need promotions on
all my axes). After the copper, that worker will chop the one forest the second city has available to accelerate things as well. Both cities are just building axeman* until I get to 7 at this point.
And here we are - turn 52. I've got 7 axes in the capital, who will leave next turn. It wasn't my most careful play - I should have taken the first one of those axes and be scouting Gandhi right now (I got open borders with him, but forgot to use it). The capital is size-5 with 12 turns of whip anger and 1 unhappy citizen (again I could have done a bit better if I was careful). And I should be improving that stone, not the plains-hill my worker is mining right now. The stone is simply a better tile!
However, overall I'm happy with the shape of this game given the difficulty level. The axes will most certainly grab me another city or two from Gandhi; they should conquer his capital on turn 62 if I've counted correctly. Going forward from here, I might see if things looked promising to get Pyramids off Mathematics -> Masonry then chopping the final two forests in the capital BFC - that, plus an overflow whip, could get me 40% of the way there almost immediately; then 10 turns working on it, followed by a second whip, would finish it. That'd be finishing around turn 80-90, which should be perfectly safe on Noble. My tiles are significantly under-improved at the moment so I'm getting another worker in the capital immediately now that I have the axes for my rush. Representation plus the religion from my conquered holy city plus a Charismatic leader would give me a huge early happy cap, and the extra beakers from specialists would mean I could use scientists to ensure good teching while I spam settlers and workers to expand rapidly.
If you glance at my minimap, you'll also see that my starting warrior scouted WAY out to the south and west before he died to a barbarian. There are several good sites to the southwest for blocking cities that would keep Mansa Musa from expanding into my land, so I should be able to happily expand to 10 or more cities after killing Gandhi. Part of that is just luck that he survived so long, but part of it is trying to get your warrior to move through hills, forests, and on the coast to make it less likely he'll die to barbarians... and if he hadn't gotten very far, I'd have made another one to scout with instead. I'm not going to put up screenshots of what I found out there because it isn't really affecting my early decision-making much (no nearby backstabbing warmonger there, no ridiculously good city sites. Keep doing what I was going to do anyways.). In the 60-100 turn range, that terrain I scouted out there will likely become much more important as I start settling more cities.
My second city is hurrying out a library; it's going to work pigs, copper, and two scientists to get me my first Great Scientist (who will probably make an Academy in my capital, although he might go to Gandhi's capital if it has good land). The second city can make a good early GP farm - fish plus pigs will give it enough surplus food for 5 specialists. Meanwhile, the capital will be a powerhouse settler-and-worker pump for expanding, although I haven't decided what to do with it down the line.
Technology wise, I'm going Mathematics to Currency. Math for better chops, Currency to fuel expansion. I expect my treasury will be depleted right about the same time that I hit Currency, but I can build wealth in cities if need be to keep expanding until I've got the land I want.
I've attached my save if you want to poke around, although again I warn you that it has some spoilers for you at this point in your game.