Here is what I have written in my notes - gained from lots of testing so I know they are accurate.
A zone of control is only in place for civilizations at war with each other
All military units exert a ZOC on the tile they are in. For example, an enemy apostle cannot move through the tile of your archer due to this ZOC. This central ZOC does not allow friendly units to pass through the tile while an enemy ZOC also is in the same tile.
Some units and buildings exert a ZOC one tile around them. This ZOC is only in place with civilizations they are at war with. These units are
· Melee class units
· Anti-cavalry
· Non-ranged Light Cavalry
· Non-ranged Heavy Cavalry
· Ranged units with a ZOC promotion
· Immortals Unique Unit
· All Naval military units
· Cities and encampments
A unit entering an enemy zone of control cannot move an additional tile that turn until after they attack an adjacent enemy unit or city. The unit may also perform other actions like promotion and looting while they have the movement points to do so.
There is no movement point cost to attack a unit beyond the cost of moving into the enemy tile but normally an attack ends the movement phase. Units that have a promotion that allows them to move after combat (promotions of heavy cavalry, naval raider, recon and melee troop types) can move additional tiles after combat if they have sufficient movement points to do so.
A unit that has not yet moved this turn or has attacked an adjacent enemy unit can leave an enemy zone of control without penalty unless that unit is moving into another enemy zone of control in which case it faces the normal penalties and restriction for moving into a zone of control.
Some units ignore zones of control. These are
- All heavy and light cavalry
- Naval Raider class units
- All air units (balloons and helicopters are not deemed an air units)
- Units connected to light cavalry with the Escort Mobility promotion
Note: All non-military units are affected by ZOC including great generals.
In the next patch, religious units will exert a ZOC but we have to wait the details
Land units do not exert a zone of control on water tiles whether embarked or disembarked. An exception is the central ZOC is in place for embarked units, allowing them to siege a water city.
Naval Units do not exert a zone of control on land tiles
Rivers prevent a zone of control extending to the other side of a river tile border.
A zone of control does extend into an enemy city.
Cities are deemed under siege when all their surrounding tiles are in an enemy zone of control regardless of the presence of any friendly unit in the tile.
The zone of control ceases to exist the moment the unit or building is no longer enemy controlled or a peace treaty is agreed.
You want an example?... I only have this pic to hand
The horsemen ignore ZOC so can run around the swordsmen
The archers obey ZOC so while for example the right archer has 2 movement points, if it moves next to an enemy swordsman it can no longer move (but can do other things like promote and attack) The left archer is already in an enemy ZOC but can always move 1 space left or right but could move 2 spaces backward because it is not entering a ZOC.