Capto Iugulum: Empires and Nations

From The Ascendant's Kingdom of Holy China
To The Empire of Japan

It was you who invaded Korea in order to expand your territory. What claim do you have to Korea? What right did you have to invade your Asian brethern. We must cease this futile fighting amongst ourselves and focus on the true threat, Europe. Our noble leader General Kong has done nothing but seek freedom for his people who have been oppressed for decades by the vile Christians. He has made peace with Tibet, he has made peace with Korea, and now he makes peace with Japan.

Since the Emperor of Japan has seen the ills of his warmongering ways the General has chosen to withdraw his declaration of war. The General also hopes that, with this war averted, that relations can be normalized between our two great nations so that we may bolster our defenses against the wicked Europeans. Perhaps with the establishment of embassies (assuming this hasn't already been done) between our two nations.

We shall pray that you are able to resist the influence of the Christian dogs. May your ancestors guide you.

To Poland

Remove your forces immediately from Siam or die. Asia shall not tolerate occupation by Europeans any longer. Go back to your homeland. Tend to your own people.

Or die. This is your only warning.

To Burma

The General was truly shocked when he heard that the Burmese, a once great people, had stooped so low as to accept aid from the European pigs. Can you not see they seek to strip us of our freedom? We ask that you stop this futile war against Siam. If need be, the Ascendancy is more than willing to mediate peace talks between Siam and Burma.

OOC:
Quisani if you would like to conduct more diplo you can contact me on Aim: kentharu1 or on msn kentharu at hotmail dot com. You can also find me on #nes, the link is in my sig. Anyone else wishing to conduct diplo please do so.

Agent 89 said:

To: Paris-Burgundy
From: Savoy-Milan

We hope the occasion where it is necessary for the Netherlands to declare war on you will not be arising any time soon. However, should this happen, we would of course not be assisting them militarily, per the NAP.

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To Savoy-Milan, Austria, the Pope, Naples
From Paris and Burgundy

In that case, we will consider this agreement binding between Savoy-Milan and us, subject to appropriate agreements also being finalised with Austria, the Pope and Naples.

To Switzerland
From Paris and Burgundy

We repeat our suggestion that it would be appropriate, in our opinion, for you to be included in these agreements, as suggested by us and by Savoy-Milan.

The various NPCs involved with NAPs in Europe agree to the extended versions of the said NAP, but defensive alliances will take precedence.

This is the 24 hour warning to get those orders in.

To: China
From: Poland

We will withdraw from Siam.

@EQ, before I am capable of even beginning to write orders I need several *brief* questions answered. It would probably be healthiest for both my inbox and yours if it was done over AIM.

spryllino said:

Second, revised, Treaty of Poitiers, 1848

The nations of Paris and Burgundy, Poitou, Brittany, and Dauphiné have reached a treaty as follows:

1) The signatories agree to a defensive alliance, and to declare war on anyone who attacks the other signatories.

2) The signatories will not use any armed force or join any alliance against each other while the treaty is in force or for three years afterwards under any pretext whatsoever; and Poitou will not invoke the joint ultimatum against Paris-Burgundy as a reason for breaking clause 3 of this treaty.

3) The signatories agree that this alliance can be cancelled at will by any signatory, upon which there will be a complete non-aggression pact between the signatories for a further three years.

4) The signatories guarantee the independence of Brittany from any and all French states.

5) This Treaty supersedes the Treaty of Poitiers of last year.

Signed King Louis of Paris and Burgundy

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I, King Louis II of Normandy, hereby sign the Treaty of Poitiers with the express permission and understanding of its previous signatories.

I, Prime Minister Ludovic Broussard of the Party of Order, hereby sign the Treaty of Poitiers with the express permission and understanding of its previous signatories and the support of the Norman Parliament.


IN recognition of this treaty. Normandy has decided that the MDP with Languedoc is no longer in her best interests. Thus that treaty is now considered null and void by the Norman government.

I, King Louis of Paris and Burgundy, confirm the acceptance of Normandy as a party to the Treaty of Poitiers.

This is the six-hour warning to get those orders in.

No more order revisions will be accepted beyond this point. I will still accept new orders, however.

I have 16/20 order sets, and I will be procrastinating for a few hours to give the stragglers a last chance. At approximately 4 or 5 PM EST, we'll have the cutoff point, you've been warned.

This is the official cut off point, no more orders will be accepted. Also:

To: Moscowy
From: Roman Empire

In defense of our Kievan allies, we hereby declare war upon you in order to preserve their independence.

In response to the unwarranted aggression against Kiev carried out by the Muscovites, the Kingdom of Hungary hereby declares war on Muscowy and will assist Kiev however possible to ensure their sovereignty is preserved.

Global News Report​

WAR OF THE AMERICAN PRESIDENCY. Madrid, Empire of Holy Spain. The war for control of the American government has truly escalated to a new degree across the world. Spanish offensives, and entries into the war have brought about a British invasion of Iberia and threaten to put an end to the Spanish victories to date. The war back in the Americas has also escalated through a series of major battles in Pennsylvania, and it seems that Scott's forces may be on their way to achieving victory. The war seems to have hit a peak this year, but observers believe that barring some sort of negotiations, the war will only push forward and could still be either side's contest.

News from Europe​

ELEMENTS OF MILITARY FAIL IN COUP IN AZERBAIJAN. Baku, Azerbaijan. As tensions have mounted with the Christians of Georgia and unrest grew among the Shias of the Caliphate, much criticism has been levied against the Shah of Azerbaijan. The criticism has been directed at his failure to intervene in the Caliph's domestic disturbances, and to respond to Georgian aggression and skirmishes along the border. Many have felt that the Shah's control on the nation has been greatly diminishing, and that he has grown weak and decadent in power. The result was a group of soldiers within the military staging an attempt to replace their monarch with a more aggressive candidate. The coup started fairly well, but upon arrival in Baku, discovered that most of the army and government remained against them. The result was a fairly one-sided battle in which the rebels were annihilated and the monarchy has kept its control. Stability has been restored as these discontents have been imprisoned or executed for the betrayal of their duties. (+1 Stability, -1 Infantry Brigade)

VIOLENCE ERUPTS IN BRITTANY AGAINST FRENCH MINORITY. Nantes, Brittany. Last year's unrest caused by the French minority's rioting in Brittany, has come back to haunt them this year. The Bretons have responded with attacks on French communities in the eastern part of the nation, as they attempt to force them out. This has resulted in growing migration out of Brittany by the French, as they search for a life away from the government and population's hatred. The Breton people have attacked viciously, and the government, rather than quelling the anti-French riots, have been allowing them to push forward. The result has been thousands of deaths and attacks, throwing the eastern counties into chaos and confusion. Meanwhile, this has done much to put the Bretons more favorably inclined towards the monarchy, especially as it becomes more moderate upon social issues and liberalism. (+1 Stability, -6 Manpower)

SPANISH LIBERALS TAKE STAND AGAINST WAR. Madrid, Empire of Holy Spain. The landing of British troops in northern Spain has led to a rising threat against the Spanish monarchy. Liberalism has been kept fairly obscure in Spain due to the great prosperity and wealth the monarchy has brought the upper and middle classes. Unfortunately, the war has begun to change that situation, as international commerce continues its steep decline, effected by increased raiding and the collapse of China to European business interests. Furthermore, the invasion threat has dramatically raised the concern of the people of Spain and shaken faith in the monarchy. The liberals of the middle and upper classes have begun clamoring for an end to the war, so that business can resume and they can profit. Their shaky support has somewhat destabilized the country, threatening worse demonstrations on the horizon. (-1 Stability)

MINORITIES UNRULY IN HUNGARY. Split, Hungary. The Hungarians have been at last reunited under the rule of the monarchy, and they have done much to forge the nation together once more. Unfortunately, the republican activity won over the support of a number of minorities and promised them rights they do not receive under the king's rule. The promise of a federated republic and new rights and leadership made many in Hungary itch for the new day which the republicans offered. The loss of the rebellion to the monarchy and the Polish intervention has caused the minorities to begin stirring once more against Budapest, to a greater degree than ever before. The greatest example of this was a series of riots in the city of Split, where the Croats rose against the local garrison, and lynched the commanding officer. The army had to be called in to restore order, which they did through extensive violence. (-4 Manpower)

REVOLT IN ORLEANS DESTABILIZING LANGUEDOC. Orleans, Languedoc. The region of Orleans rose in full rebellion against Languedoc this year, as the faith in the regime has been greatly shaken by last year's activities in Poitou. The support for the liberals in Poitiers has demonstrated that King Louis II is less interested in the cause of the nobility, but simply interested in provoking war on all fronts. Languedoc had garnered support from Orleans' nobility when they helped oust the revolutionary regime, and managed to continue their rule afterward fairly peacefully. Unfortunately, an increase in taxes and military recruitment began alienating these noblemen, but the last straw was the support for liberals in another French state. To this end, the nobles have rallied elements of the army loyal to them and staged a rebellion against the king. The result was a violent rebellion, as the lords established control over Orleans and other forces, and fought over the course of several months to gain their independence. The main army soon responded however, and in a few bloody battles, crushed the uprising brutally and bloodily. Unfortunately the removal of the nobles has brought liberals swarming into the region once more, as the area continues to destabilize under King Louis II. (-1 Stability, -6 Infantry Brigades, -3 Cavalry Brigades, -2 Artillery Brigades)

POPE FLEES FROM ROME ON HEELS OF REPUBLICAN REVOLUTION. Rome, Roman Republic. Pope Leo XIII was forced to flee Rome this year as the Papal States rose up in revolution against him. This time, the Brothers of Italy managed to win over the support of the military, including the rebuilt navy. The revolutionaries managed to defeat the few loyalists and the guard of the Pope, allowing them to march quickly upon Rome. As the army of the revolutionaries advanced, the Pope was forced to flee from Rome, in flight from potential retribution towards his secular abuses. The people of Rome celebrated the victory, though many of the more conservative groups wonder about the future of the Catholic Church with this uprising. Pope Leo XIII has fled to Madrid, where he now takes shelter under the wing of the Spanish emperor, calling for him to intervene and restore the old order. Similarly, the armies of Austria and Naples have been assembled, also vowing support for the Pope to oust the new republican government. (-2 Infantry Brigades, -2 Cavalry Brigades, +2 Stability)

LIBERAL MOVEMENT GROWING IN CONSTANTINOPLE. Constantinople, Roman Empire. The Roman Empire has had few brushes with the rising trends of liberalism in Europe, and they have thankfully have been able to avoid the side effects. This has changed this year as the Roman middle class, which has been growing from trade in the eastern Mediterranean, began circulating new ideas. This has been encouraged by a new surge of interest in older Greek and Roman texts about republicanism and democracy. The Imperator has not cracked down on the rising interest in classical texts and liberal ideas and theory. Instead, he has encouraged the intellectual trend and has pledged to consider further liberalization of government, before the civil war broke out. The civil war had waylaid the prior plans and concerns, with the reactionary coup which led to the conflict. This has done much to help ease the threatened tensions which could have erupted.

FLANDERS HOLDS ELECTIONS. Brussels, Flanders. The government of Flanders held its second elections this year, in order to establish the reign of the conservative regime led by the Party of Order. The main concern has been the rising tensions in Europe between the smaller power and the overall threat to Flanders' security this represents. The Flemish people have, however, greatly appreciated the Prime Ministers efforts to establish Flanders as a truly neutral nation in Western Europe. They believe that this has widely been successful with guarantees of independence from both the Republic of the Netherlands and the Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy. The result has been a dominating electoral position for the Party of Order as they sweep all houses, and establish themselves once more as the main authority for the Flemish people. (+1 Stability)

NORMAN ELECTIONS. Rouen, Normandy. The stalwart aid and support from the nation's Prime Minister in the wake of last year's Great Fire of Rouen has caused an outpouring of political support for the conservative Party of Order from the masses. They have found that the masses seem more in favor of the conservative prime minister and his government than ever before due to the prompt responses to the disaster. The result has been an overwhelming sweep of Parliament, giving the Party of Order its biggest holding in government since elections began eight years ago. The government has pledged to rebuild Rouen to new heights as one of the most modern cities in Europe. The people have joyously accepted this proclamation and turned out in record numbers to bring their leaders back into elected power. (+1 Stability)

DEATH OF THE KING OF POITOU. Poitiers, Poitou. King Henri IV passed away this year, after having struggled with age and sickness over the past several years. Some have blamed the king of Languedoc for placing undue stress upon King Henri by political actions for his faltering health. Under the reign of King Henri IV, the nation of Poitou has seen a growth in overall prosperity, as well as a development of the nation as a patron for French nationalism. The end of Burgundian attempts to sponsor French nationalism has led to Poitiers being the heart of French art and culture over the past decade. His son has been proclaimed King Charles IV and is said to be a fair bit less reactionary and anti-liberal than his father. Regardless, he is still a noted conservative, and less than enthusiastic in participating in the campaigns of electoral anarchy sponsored by more liberal monarchies in Europe. He has therefore garnered substantial support from the old guard and military, and continues to bring absolute rule to Poitou. (+1 Stability)

DEATH OF THE KING OF POLAND. Krakow, Poland. King Stanislaw II died this year, following a year of poor health at best, and has silently passed on in the night. The old king has been responsible for growing Poland's powers to new economic and military heights, establishing Polish control over Prussia. Furthermore, he has brought Poland into preeminence as a new colonial power, establishing influence in central Africa and the Indian Ocean. At home, King Stanislaw II has taken a strong stand against liberalism, helping reel it back throughout Eastern Europe and establishing new relations with Hungary and Austria. These other nations have sent messages offering their condolences for the death of the king, and welcoming the rise of his son, the new King Zygmunt IV. King Zygmunt IV has been best known prior to assuming the reins of the nation, for his disastrous marriage with the queen of Sweden. The later divorce and emasculation this implied has done little for the new king's position and has done little to create faith in him. Most people believe that the new king is half the man his father was and are less than enthusiastic about recognizing him as their new king. (-1 Stability)

KING OF SAVOY-MILAN DIES. Turin, Kingdom of Savoy-Milan. King Charles Albert died this year, leaving the throne of Savoy-Milan to his son, and securing the succession of the nation's monarchy. King Charles Albert was the sole Italian monarch to embrace the growing tides led by the Brothers of Italy. In exchange for his growing support of the tides of republicanism and Italian unification, the king became monarch of a united Savoy and Milan. This established him as the most powerful monarch on the Italian peninsula, particularly as he built new political ties with Switzerland and the Republic of the Netherlands. In the final months of his life, he saw the rise of new regimes in both the Papal States and Tuscany, and some believe that he may well just barely miss the unification of Italy, which he long sought to achieve. His son has been crowned as King Victor, and has proven to be a bit more conservative than his father. Though he continues to support the democratically elected government in a nominal sense, he remains an opponent of further liberalization. Most politicians in Europe wonder at his stance on the overthrow of the Pope's secular authority in Rome and the reaction to the emerging crisis.

DEATH OF THE KING OF SERBIA. Belgrade, Serbia. After reigning over Serbia since its independence from the Roman Empire, and a surplus Hungarian prince from birth, King Stephan II died this year. The death came sudden and unexpectedly, as the king collapsed during a meeting of the court, leading to momentary panic. A few days later he died, without ever waking up to the crowds of mourners. King Stephan II has been noted as the monarch who has forged the infrastructure of a Serbian nation after they won their independence from the Romans. The king also defended the nation against Hungarian revolutionaries, keeping the Serbian people safe from the raging civil war to the north. The son of the king has been proclaimed King Louis Albert and is a strong conservative beacon for the Serbian population. This continuity from the old regime has been essential for maintaining stability of the old order, as they struggle to hold together a working government. (+1 Stability)

SWISS ELECTIONS. Zurich, Switzerland. The Swiss nation has undergone new elections this year as the Guards Party has once more been challenged by the liberal Patriots Party. They have pledged to continue Switzerland's position of supporting its political interests and allies in Europe, as well as maintaining military strength. The support for the military and army, and related job creation has been the central tenet of the current Swiss government, and it has proven fruitful for them in the past. The elections have supported the mandate of the Guards Party, as they point out the growing unrest and crisis upon the Italian Peninsula. They have managed to build up support for the Italian revolutions and regimes, and continue to stand firmly behind their allies in Turin. The increased economic prosperity of the past few years has also assured their position over the whole of Switzerland. (+1 Stability)

BRITISH ELECTIONS. London, United Kingdom of Great Britain. As required, new elections have been held for Parliament this year in the United Kingdom of Great Britain. The British Parliamentary elections have been torn apart predominantly by the issue of the War of the American Presidency. The disasters which befell British arms and business this year have played a key role in the election process, shaking the faith among the Whigs. The result has been a multi-party split among both liberals and conservatives throughout the whole of Britain. A number of liberals have begun calling for peace negotiations with the Spanish, while the British armies and navy still hold some power. Others, both conservative and liberal, believe the year's events to be a overall setback to the war effort, but not devastating to the cause. Among the conservatives, many have been decrying the failure of the Whig government to prepare for a war against Spain, allowing the Catholic dogs to gain strategic surprise in so many of Britain's far flung colonies. Thankfully the split among the conservatives have allowed the Whigs to retain power, but the faction within the group calling for negotiations has clearly dominated, and calls have been made for the Prime Minister to instigate some sort of peace negotiations with the Empire of Holy Spain.

NORMANDY JOINS IN DEFENSIVE AGREEMENTS. Paris, Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy. Normandy has been welcomed into a collection of defensive and nonaggression pacts in Western Europe with their commitment to the Treaty of Poitiers. They have pledged to the Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy as well as a number of other French nations to protect each other in case a war erupts in which one of them is the attacked party. The treaty also helps prevent betrayal among the signatories by instituting an automatic three year nonaggression pact if any nation withdraws from the treaty due to other concerns. Furthermore, it does not condone aggressive action by any of the signatories, preventing them from uniting in an offensive war. This move has been applauded by the rest of France, encouraged that Normandy's involvement will further assist in preventing a major war tearing up the western part of the European continent.

RECONSTRUCTION OF ROUEN BEGINS. Rouen, Normandy. The Great Fire of Rouen has sparked a major effort by the government of Normandy to help restore the prosperity of the city and region as a whole through new projects. They have begun subsidizing new buildings made out of flame resistant materials such as stone or brick and have financed the construction of new government buildings. The surge in activity has brought some prosperity back as materials are shipped in from the rest of France to aid in the construction of the new Rouen. The construction has also included a number of new centers, including the establishment of a massive railroad junction in the center of the city. The mayor claims that the Grand Central Station of Rouen will prove to be the beating heart of the growing network of railroads throughout Normandy. Furthermore, the funds provided have gone towards preparations for a new World's Fair of Industry in 1850, which many hope will spur new industrial and economic growth.

SAVOY-MILAN COMPLETES PORT RECONSTRUCTION. Genoa, Kingdom of Savoy-Milan. The Kingdom of Savoy-Milan has wiped away the last scars of the Third Venetian War this year, with the completion of a port reconstruction program. The reconstruction has taken place, restoring the various ports of Savoy-Milan that were damaged by Hungarian raids and vicious attacks throughout the course of the war. Most of the damage had already been repaired by private interests over the past few years, but the government stepped in to pick up the slack. The monarchy has graciously paid for these expenses, hoping that the new order of things will assist in economic rebirth in Italy. Furthermore, as new tensions escalate on the peninsula with revolutions in Tuscany and Rome, many believe that the repairs are needed for the coming conflict.

TREATIES ASSURE SAVOYARD WITHDRAWAL IN TUSCANY. Milan, Kingdom of Savoy-Milan. Last year's invasion of Tuscany by the Kingdom of Savoy-Milan in support of the Brothers of Italy led to a surge of protests from varying sources. Under pressure from all sides, the Kingdom of Savoy-Milan was forced to agree to withdraw all armies and soldiers from Tuscany. The mere withdrawal of Turin's armies was not deemed to be enough and other powers began to ask for pacts of nonaggression, in the hopes of forestalling yet another Italian war. The result was a series of signed nonaggression pacts, among the various regional powers, though a number were not outright accepted by the government of Savoy-Milan. With revolution in Tuscany and Rome, no one is quite sure how these treaties still apply, or even if they will still apply at all.

SAVOY-MILAN'S WITHDRAWAL LEADS TO REVOLUTION IN TUSCANY. Florence, Tuscany. After receiving substantial ultimatums from the Pope, Austria, and much of the rest of Central Europe, the Kingdom of Savoy-Milan was forced to withdraw from Tuscany and restore control to King Leopold II. After they withdrew, and with revolution breaking out in the Papal States, King Leopold II was hard-pressed to maintain any sort of order in Tuscany. The Brothers of Italy, revitalized by funding and a massive surge of grassroots support, easily managed to form a ragtag army and oust the monarch. With no army of his own, King Leopold II has been forced to abdicate the throne, and turn over control of the nation to a newly forged republic. The new Republic of Tuscany has established friendly relations both with Savoy-Milan and the new Roman Republic to the south. They have already appealed to unite three nations in a growing Italian kingdom, but face the threat of intervention from either Austria, Hungary, or both.

MOSCOW-KIEV WAR ESCALATES. Kiev, Kiev. Moscowy's war to dominate Kiev has been transformed into a much larger conflict as the Moscovites face two dire new threats. The Roman Empire, which signed a defensive agreement with Kiev over a decade ago, has belatedly decided to honor the pact. They have since deployed fresh troops to Kiev as well as limited economic aid with which to fight the invaders. Similarly, a Hungarian army has been mustered and sent east to resist the invasion, forcing the Moscovites to confront a significantly larger army than they expected. Hoping to achieve a victory before the arrival of these reinforcements, the Moscovites attacked early and quickly, hoping to defeat Kiev before their friends arrived. Having temporary numerical superiority, the Moscovites attempted to overwhelm Kiev's army through brute force tactics. They did manage to break Keiv's lines and forced them across the river as the Moscovite guns pounded Kiev itself. The Hungarian army was the first to arrive to attempt to break the siege of the city, as they attempted to do so before the arrival of the Romans. The Moscovites greatly outnumbered the Hungarians and proved to be fairly equal on the battlefield. The Hungarian attack went forward and turned into disaster, as the Moscovites routed them and the supporting Kievan attack. The Hungarians have since fled into the siege lines, where Kiev has done its best to help them restore order. Thankfully their numbers have kept the Moscovites from crossing the river, but they continue to fire upon the city and surrounding lines of the allies against them. The Romans led the last attempt to lift the siege, as their legions arrived to fight the army of Moscowy. They managed to win a tactical stalemate, forcing the Moscovites to pull back from the city, but still failing to actually force a true retreat. With both sides badly bloodied through these battles, siege lines have been established as the Moscovites look for fresh weaknesses among their enemies.
Casualty Lists
Moscowy: 16 Infantry Brigades, 10 Cavalry Brigades, 9 Artillery Brigades
Hungary: 8 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 3 Artillery Brigades
Kiev: 9 Infantry Brigades, 4 Cavalry Brigades, 4 Artillery Brigades
Roman Empire: 1 Infantry Brigade, 1 Cavalry Brigade

BAVARIA BEGINS ROAD PAVING. Munich, Bavaria. The Bavarian government has begun establishing a new level of infrastructure for their nation, as they hope the current times of peace continue. The effort has been made to pave all city and country roads of major importance, to ease trade and travel throughout the kingdom. The Bavarian monarchy has put a lot of effort into building up their infrastructure, and this has been seen as a vital step towards the overall grand plan. The military has also backed the program, believing that an improved infrastructure would be essential if a larger war to erupt. With tensions rising in Italy and to the east, its believed that a new war for Bavaria could well be on the close horizon.

BRANDENBURG BEGINS ROYAL RAILROAD. Berlin, Brandenburg. King Wilhelm of Brandenburg has begun sponsoring the development of a national railroad, hoping to modernize and develop his nation and industrial potential. With the Scandinavians leading the way in a similar effort and the Dutch following, it seems that the best possible move a nation can make is to develop its railroad capacity. The Brandenburgers have begun their efforts, hoping to create a truly modern infrastructure which puts the rest of Europe to shame. The effort has been analyzed to be incredibly expensive, but the military has also pondered the implications and potential of a national railroad which could be used to expand the powers of the army. Therefore, despite what objections exist , they have continued to push forward in the development of the national railroad.

BRITTANY OPENS CELTIC MUSEUM. Nantes, Brittany. Taking pride in their heritage as a Celtic nation, and independence from the French, the Bretons have opened a museum glorifying their culture and history. They have exhibits from the era before Roman conquest and rule over the Gauls, demonstrating the resilience and separation from the more Latin cultures. They have expounded on their resistance against the infringement and attacks over the years, reeling back Celtic control over Western Europe. They have used this chance to further demonstrate their unique identity from the rest of France, showing the separation from the other kingdoms in the region. The monarchy has declared this to be a physical demonstration of their will and desire to forever remain independent of the rising threat of French nationalism.

NOBLE BACKLASH FORCES POLICY SHIFT IN NOVGOROD. Novgorod, Novgorod. Rising interference by the Scandinavians has led to enormous backlash against them in Novgorod. The Novgorodians have protested the efforts attempting to regulate the independent nobles' regulation and taxation of their commerce within their own fiefdom's borders. The result has been a de facto coup in the ranks of the court of King Mikhail V, leading to the establishment of a very anti-Scandinavian regime. Whether Russian nationalists or the heart of Novgorod's independence advocates, they have banded together in their hate and revile for the government in Stockholm. Most have expelled their Scandinavian advisors, and the court of King Mikhail V has followed suit. King Mikhail is set to demand the end of all Scandinavian interference, as his vassals prepare to mobilize their armies to fight any possible military intervention. (+1 Stability; -30 EP into Integration Project)

SERBIA COMPLETES NAVAL CONSTRUCTION. Brgat, Serbia. The Serbians have truly followed in the footsteps of their Hungarian allies as they complete their efforts to construct the foundations of a navy. They have introduced two new steam paddle warships to their arsenal, as they attempt to create a presence on the Adriatic Sea. The Serbians have announced plans for even greater expansion of their fleet, growing their armada to compare an aid their Hungarian allies. The recent defeat suffered by the Mamlukes at sea has promised new trade and shipping throughout the region. This has opened a possible window for new naval power in the Mediterranean Sea, and they seek to establish a similar presence to that of Sardinia and Tunis.

NETHERLANDS CONTINUES SALE OF WARSHIPS. Amsterdam, Republic of the Netherlands. The Dutch have continued to extend their economic sphere, selling their own warships to various interested navies across the world. This year the main customer for the Dutch was the Kingdom of Savoy-Milan, which has been scrambling to establish naval parity with its neighbors since its disastrous losses in the Third Venetian War. The other primary customer this year has been the South American nation of Venezuela, which is seeking to create its own position of naval power in the Caribbean. The Venezuelans have been hoping to create their strength and abilities, as a newly formed central governing power in Caracas.

HUGNARY ANNOUNCES NEW SECRET POLICE AT BALL. Budapest, Hungary. Flush with his victory over the wild-eyed republican revolutionaries King Vladislaus III convened a glorious gala ball for the most noble gentry of Europe. Those who gave him succor and aid during the dark times of the rebellion have been invited, including nobility from Serbia, Poland, and Austria. The result is one of the most royal balls which has taken place in the history of the nineteenth century outside of weddings. The Hungarian king used the chance to reaffirm his friendships and alliances as well as to preach on about the dangers of rampant liberalism. To this end, he has announced that the Hungarian secret police have been reformed in order to hunt down any remaining pockets of republican rebels throughout the cities and countryside of Hungary. The other monarchs applauded this endeavor and wish that Hungary will continue to maintain the god given rights of its king.

SCANDINAVIA ESTABLISHES DIET IN POMERANIA. Stettin, Scandinavia. As unrest and discontent grows in the Scandinavian province of Pomerania, the Scandinavian emperor has done his best to stall any potential rebellion. Emperor Harold has convened a Diet to gather the nobles and upper class of Pomerania to help grant some autonomy to the region. The Diet has been a somewhat elected position, but the non-Swedish aristocracy have been the ones who've dominated it from local resources. They have criticized the fact that the Diet allows them to do very little than simple bureaucratic nonsense. They are still incapable of conducting any of relevance such as taxation or trade with other nations in the region. While this has not unduly upset them, they are still less than pleased with the effort as a whole. Thankfully for the Scandinavian monarchy they seem content for now to work for independence through the processes now create than through violence.

News from the Americas​

GUERILLAS STRIKE IN NUEVA LEON. Tenochtitlan, Empire of Holy Spain. The Aztecs continue to resist Spanish rule, despite offers of amnesty, and they have proven to be especially difficult to root out. With no good European maps of the regions or knowledge of good hiding places not used by the former Christian Aztecs who hid, the rebels continue to fight against Spanish rule. The Aztec lords have led their soldiers from their strongholds to strike against the Spanish garrison, and have managed some successes. On the whole however, the Spanish have not let their guard down and have done well in repulsing most raids. This has come at a cost, as they maintain control over the newly formed Nueva Leon. So far it seems that the Aztecs in the hillside are posing only a minor setback to full Spanish control over the region. (+1 Stability, -1 Infantry Brigade)

NEW NEWSPAPERS DESTABILIZE CHILEAN REGIME. Santiago, Chile. The absolute rule of President Portales in Chile has come under fresh criticism and internal political fire, with the opening of a new newspaper in Santiago. This newspaper has proven to be stalwart opponent of the reigning president, criticizing his efforts against democracy and liberalism, as well as his failure to actually provide better lives to the people. The newspaper has been calling for new elections and the end of the president's regime, hoping to restore the true republic that was pledged with independence to Chile's people. The president has not yet cracked down upon this newspaper, choosing to ignore it politically, and the damage it causes among the public continues to grow. This has been a step towards destabilizing the Portales government in Chile, threatening his increasingly tenuous control on the South American nation. (-1 Stability)

COUP ATTEMPT CRUSHED IN URUGUAY. Montevideo, Uruguay. The military government under General Franco in Uruguay was threatened with revolt this year as a cabal of lower ranking military leaders attempted to depose him. Encouraged by elements in both the Empire of Brazil and Argentina, they hoped to out the Uruguayan leader, and restore a true democracy. Unfortunately, the general caught wind of the conspiracy sooner rather than later, and mobilized loyal troops to stop it. The result was a fairly one-sided battle in which the loyalist troops tore the rebels apart. They have managed to stop this threat against the military government and General Franco has pledged to protect the nation against the influences of any destabilizing outside countries. This has also allowed him to consolidate his control of the military, and eliminate any threats within the armed forces that exist. (-1 Infantry Brigade, +1 Stability)

JAMAICAN ELECTIONS. Kingston, Jamaica. As over the course of the last year, the Jamaican government has been besieged by a rowdy minority calling for a liberation of the nation's trading sphere. The liberals, who have been made very wealthy by the exclusive trading agreement with the United Kingdom of Great Britain, came under assault by the new conservative force called the Independent Party. They have pledged to end the sole dependence of Jamaica upon the British Empire, and to forge ties with other American republics. Unfortunately for them, the return of some limited commerce this year due to less commerce raiding in the War of the American Presidency has helped secure the population's support for the Democratic Party once again. The Democrats have been overwhelmingly brought back into offer, pledging continued peace, development, and stability for the small island nation. (+1 Stability)

ELECTIONS IN NEW SPAIN. Managua, New Spain. The government of President Rivera once more had to stand up for its position dominating the Central American nation of New Spain this year. The constitutionally mandated elections have led to the president once again being challenged by a weak liberal contender. The president's efforts to build up prosperity and the power of New Spain have not gone unnoticed by the people, and he continues to command unwavering loyalty from the masses. The liberals were only able to criticize the growing involvement of foreign business interests in the Rivera Transport Scheme, as well as the threat of destabilizing Spanish business. Regardless of these petty concerns, President Rivera continues to be one of the most respected rulers in the region, commanding absolute authority by the will of the people. (+1 Stability)

GROWING STOCKPILES FUEL MAYAN DISCONTENT. Belize, Empire of Holy Spain. Once more, the Spanish have found that the Mayans in Yucatan have been gaining strength among the population and in the hills. New weapons, equipment, and most importantly, money, has been making its way into the hands of the Mayan guerillas. Once more Mayan incursions into New Spain seem to have borne fruit, as a substantial amount of surplus New Spanish military goods and funds were stolen while in transit in the western part of the nation. Spanish attempts to stop smuggling across the border and to prevent these types of crimes have met with failure, as the Mayans evade the Spanish patrols. The Mayans have been building more support, and it's believed have even established a spy network within the Spanish army in Yucatan. They have continued to rally more people to the cause of driving out the Spanish occupiers. (-1 Stability)

PARIS-BURGUNDIAN AMBASSADOR EXPELLED FROM UNITED STATES. Washington D.C., United States of America. The recent flowing of support and trade between the secessionist nation of Jacksonia and the Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy has led to ramifications in Washington D.C. President Scott has ordered the expulsion of the ambassador from Paris-Burgundy due to his nation's growing ties with Jacksonia. President Scott has promised similar treatment to any other nations which recognize the independence and separate status of the Jacksonian nation. Paris has protested this move, as the American government refuses to allow any amicable relationship until the recognition of Jacksonia is withdrawn.

JACKSONIA BEGINS BUILDING NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE. Evans City, Jacksonia. A government and borders only partially make up the tapestry that is a nation, and the people running Jacksonia have realized this. Jacksonia was only marginally settled prior to the American arrival less than two decades ago, and most of the claimed territory of the nation is empty. The arrival of new waves of settlers and foreign investment have led to a shift in the dynamic as the Jacksonians seek to create the infrastructure that truly makes a nation. To this end, roads are being surveyed and laid out, and bridges are being built to help tie the nation together. Army engineers have assisted with the project, some responsible for fortification and road building efforts during more peaceful times. The infrastructure development has also included the establishment of a new town called Evans City near Jefferson, creating modern port facilities for sailing and steam ships. The effort has been attempting to establish Jacksonia as a modern country, worthy of being considered a true nation among its peers.

ARGENTINA COMPLETES PORT MODERNIZATION. Buenos Aires, Argentina. The War of the American Presidency has thrown the problems of the shipping in the Atlantic Ocean into a new light. The Argentines have begun to develop their shipping capacity, and have seen the influence and significance of new steamships. The harbor at Buenos Aires has been updated to include a number of a new innovations and developments designed for maintaining and improving steamships. Furthermore, steam engines and rails have been added to the port, allowing for greater hauling and transportation. Beyond this, they have included new hydraulic cranes in order to increase capacity and ability of the shipping elements of the port. The project has proven successful, though many believe that true economic benefits will not emerge until the end of the ongoing war.

BORDER TENSIONS RISING BETWEEN COLOMBIA AND ECUADOR. Bogota, Colombia. War seems to beckon in the northern part of South America as the governments of Ecuador and Colombia seem to be once more on the brink of conflict. Disputes have been rising over the holding of villages and towns along the border between the two nations. Furthermore, the Colombians have denounced the tyranny of the self-proclaimed monarchy of the illegitimate King Simon. There has been reports of new skirmishes along the border, and the threat of the eruption of fresh war between the two nations. The Colombians have pressured the effort, hoping to extend their influence over the breakaway state and regime in Quito.

News from Africa and the Middle East​

NOMADIC WARFARE ESCALATES IN MOROCCO. Casablanca, Empire of Holy Spain. The Spanish garrison has continued to face rising dissent and unrest throughout Morocco as they struggle to contain the raiding undertaken by nomadic tribes. The Spanish have undertaken numerous ruses, attempting to lure out the nomads and track them, but have failed. The result has been a number of dramatic defeats, though they have managed to have limited success in defending the larger population centers. Unfortunately this has been the full scale of any Spanish success in the region, as they struggle to maintain order and preserve their control. The attacks continue to escalate, as it seems the nomads are bringing more tribes to their banner. (-1 Infantry Brigade, -1 Cavalry Brigade)

SOUTH AFRICANS CONVENE CONGRESS. Wellington, United Kingdom of Great Britain. In a scene reminiscent of one which took place in the eighteenth century in North America, the British colony has assembled a Congress to press their claims against the empire. The continuing failure of the British empire to support the colony against raiding and the local native tribes has given the local militias and congress growing support from the settlers. The South African Congress has issued demands for independence from the British Empire, as they struggle for their freedom. The South Africans have at last been prepared to sever the relationship with London, hoping to bring a new era of government and leadership to their adopted homeland. New militias have been assembled, and the local army forces have joined up with the Congress, losing all control to the local governments.

WAHABI ATTACKS ESCALATE ONCE MORE. Basra, Mamluk Caliphate. As the Caliphate has faced several major defeats across their lands over the past few years, they have found their control over other regions slipping. The Wahabis of Arabia held back their own efforts for a time until the situation grew ever more dire for the Caliph. As Tripoli and Sennar continue their rebellion, the Wahabis have begun striking in full force throughout Arabia. The result has been some humiliating defeats for the Caliph's armies, as the Wahabis strike hard and fast against local garrisons. Though the rebellion has not escalated into a full scale regional uprising, the attacks are increasingly more effective. It has become believed that the army in the area may well be corrupted by the Wahabi sect, allowing them to anticipate and devastated the Caliphate's military efforts. (-1 Infantry Brigade, -1 Cavalry Brigade)

FRENCH COLONISTS SECURE BENIN. Port Louis, Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy. After a number of years amassing funds from private interests and monarchies across France, a group of colonists and hired guns have taken leave to establish a settlement in the territory of Benin. With the collapse of the native government last year along the Niger River, the French were able to brush aside local resistance and establish a fort and larger community. The settlement has proven moderately successful, but a limited debate did emerge over the management of the new colony. The French Society of Colonization gains much of its wealth and manpower from interests in a variety of nations, and not just the Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy. However, Paris has sponsored much of their efforts and most of the hired soldiers and guards have been veterans of their army. The result has been that while the colony is not directly managed by the Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy, it is more or less under their jurisdiction.

SENNAR REBELLION. Sennar, Sennar Sultanate. The Sennar Sultanate continued its efforts to break away from the Caliphate this year, hoping to follow in the footsteps of the Turks and Cizre. The fighting was mostly irregular at the start of the year as the cavalry of both armies skirmished and raided each other's supplies and bases. The Mamlukes clearly gained the upper hand in this skirmishes, decimating the Sennar cavalry and destroying an encamped artillery brigade. With these successes and superiority under their belt, the Mamlukes began an attempt to restore the Caliph's authority to the region. As in other rebellions, the Mamlukes have pushed forward, hoping to seize the throat of the rebellion in Sennar itself. Unlike in Cizre, the effort has actually proven successful this time, as the Mamlukes defeat the army of Sennar, and capture the city. The sultan was defeated on the battlefield and imprisoned to await his fate at the hands of the Caliph.
Casualty Lists
Mamluk Caliphate: 2 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 1 Artillery Brigade
Sennar Sultanate: 3 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 2 Artillery Brigades

TRIPOLITANIA REBELLION. Tripoli, Tripolitania. The Mamlukes have faced a greater challenge in their attempts to quell the rebellion in Tripoli than the one in Sennar. The sultan of Tripoli has received substantial economic and political support from the government in Tunis, which has chosen to resist this particular attempt to restore the Caliph's authority. The fleet seized by Tripoli has launched offensive operations of its own to the surprise and dismay of the Caliph's admirals. They have hunted down the Caliph's fleet, trapping and attacking it while in harbor at Beirut, where they engaged in a major fleet battle. They managed to win a substantial victory, badly mauling the Caliph's fleet before the guns of coastal fortifications and local army units forced them to withdraw. The raid was highly successful and viewed as a great victory for the rebel cause, demonstrating the skill of Tripoli's sailors. The fighting on land allowed the rebels to trade space for time, assembling fresh forces with the financing of the Tunisians. The Tripolitanians managed to win a major victory immediately against the Caliph's armies, devastating their attack, and forcing them to rout and retreat back across the border into Egypt.
Casualty Lists
Mamluk Caliphate: 4 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 2 Artillery Brigades, 10 Third Rate Warships, 4 First Rate Warships, 9 Crescent-class Warships
Tripolitania: 2 Infantry Brigades, 1 Artillery Brigade, 6 Third Rate Warships, 2 First Rate Warships, 7 Crescent-class Warships

TURKISH-ROMAN WAR COMES TO AN END. Konya, Turkish Sultanate. After the Romans woefully underestimated the resolve and abilities of the Turkish army last year, they have brought in substantial reinforcements from the rest of the empire. The Turks have been forced to stand on the defensive, not knowing where the main hammer blow was to fall. The Romans apparently determined to take the direct approach, charging straight upon Konya in overwhelming force, and the Turks have had no choice but to stand against them in open battle. The result was a bloody Roman victory, crushing the smaller Turkish army after a spirited resistance. Though the outcome seem predetermined, the will of the Turks to fight was much admired by their enemies as they crushed them. The overwhelming numbers of the Romans caused them to massively defeat the Turkish forces and with this victory, the Turkish sultan has been forced to surrender claims to the Romans. A number of border provinces have exchanged hands, clearly giving the Romans the advantage. The Turks have also been forced to turn over half of their warships to the Roman navy, losing a major strategic edge. Furthermore, the Romans have secured rights of military transit through the sultanate, and a pledge of nonaggression from the Turks for the next ten years.
Casualty Lists
Roman Empire: 9 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 4 Artillery Brigades
Turkish Sultanate: 7 Infantry Brigades, 3 Cavalry Brigades, 5 Artillery Brigades

PERSIA ESTABLISH NEW NAVY. Bushehr, Persia. The Persians have striven over the past two decades to create a modern army and military capacity to hold off any imperial invaders from west or east. The first step was the elimination of local threats such as the Durrani Empire and the Maratha Confederacy. Following these feats, came the reorganization of the army along the standards of the British, thanks to advisors hired from those islands. The Persians have still faced weakness, especially with the growing strength of the Caliph's navy to the west, a potential threat to any further Persian expansion. The new effort has been to create a naval presence of Persia's own on the Persian Gulf, securing their position. Six new warships have been unveiled, modeled upon the Caliphate's own ships, hoping that they will serve as a base for the expansion of a greater Persian empire.

SCANDINAVIA EXPANDS TADJOURA WITH CONQUEST. Berbera, Scandinavia. The Scandinavians have dispatched yet another new expedition to Africa, as they seek to expand their imperial holdings and control on the dark continent. The Scandinavians have brought an expedition all the way from Vinland to explore and conquer the lands along the coast near the existing colony of Tadjoura. The reason for this expedition was rumors of a local trading city known as Berbera, which has been said to be a ancient center of commerce and trade. The Swedes sent an armed expedition to the city and have since established a garrison to control the surrounding region. This has done much to expand their empire and possessions in East Africa, demonstrating the strength and power of their imperial regime.

News from the Far East​

EARTHQUAKE ROCKS KYOTO. Kyoto, Japan. The Japanese of Kyoto faced a major natural disaster of massive proportions as a devastating earthquake rocked the capital. Ancient buildings were brought tumbling down and a number of devastating fires ravaged wooden portions of the city. The people of the city were scarred by the earthquake, as it destroyed their homes and sent them running to the hills. The damage to the city has been extreme, though it could not be said to have been completely destroyed. The lack of any commercial value to Kyoto has fortunately spared the Japanese economy from damage, the cost in the population is believed to involve tens of thousands of maimed, wounded, missing, or killed in the catastrophe. Rebuilding has begun, as it has in the past, and they seek to reclaim their homes lost to the great disaster. (-7 Manpower)

FAMINE IN WESTERN CHINA. Lhasa, Tibet. The years of war and turmoil throughout China has at last come home to roost in Tibet and western China, as crops failed in what arable terrain there was. With the central bureaucracy and government of the emperors gone, this has resulted in a growing famine and unrest throughout the region. The result has been mass starvation in the western provinces and Tibet, as they struggle to provide for themselves. More people have been turning towards banditry and violence, robbing each other to feed their families and selves. Many have died in the instability and lack of foodstuffs for the villages and communities throughout the region. The local Ascendant garrisons have done their best to preserve order, but have found themselves overwhelmed by the violence and confusion. (-1 Infantry Brigade, -1 Stability, -87 Manpower)

UNREST IN VIETNAM CONTINUES TO GROW. Hanoi, United Kingdom of Great Britain. British authorities in Vietnam have continued to attribute growing violence and banditry in northern Vietnam to the influence of the Ascendant cult. Further investigations have actually suggested that these claims may be false, to cover up corruption and incompetence within the British colonial regime. It has become increasingly clear that the British leadership in northern Vietnam is woefully mismanaging the area, and accepting countless bribes and partaking in all the traditional elements of corruption. The lack of regular supply and trade with the rest of the empire has contributed to the growing corruption, particularly as both Spanish and Ascendant armies loom over the colony.

SPAIN RECRUITS INDIAN REGIMENTS. Gujarat, Empire of Holy Spain. The desperation of the Spanish cause in India after last year's naval defeats has become clear, as they mimic an older British policy. Over a decade ago, the British established a few regiments staffed by Indians, and managed by British officers. These regiments have proven themselves in the latest fighting in India as the British invade the Spanish-occupied regions of the former Maratha Confederacy. The Spanish have begun mass recruitment of local Indian soldiers of their own, also led by white officers against the enemy. A large number of Spanish officers have been promoted from other regiments in the area to command the new Indian brigades. They have begun to demonstrate their own capabilities in combat against the British, as the Spanish desperately hope to hold their Indian possessions in the ongoing War of the American Presidency.

DUTCH SAILORS EXTRADITED FROM MANILA. Manila, Empire of Holy Spain. After last year's rioting in Manila done by Dutch sailors and soldiers short of pay, the Spanish have kept them mostly imprisoned in a local holding facility run by the army. Thousands of Dutch military men have at last been extradited from Spanish territory to the Dutch East Indies to be held on trial for their own crimes elsewhere. The Spanish emperor has been more or less thanked locally for removing the Dutch from the soil of the Philippines, but has faced criticism at home. The old guard and aristocracy have been less than impressed at the emperor caving to Dutch interests and allowing the release of the Dutch to dubious trials to be held in Amsterdam. These concerns have been put to some rest, though the Dutch have had problems in convicting any of these military men, due to most of the witnesses being in Spanish territory. Therefore most of the Dutch soldiers and sailors were acquitted except for a token few who truly crossed the lines. The result has been an increasing dislike of the Spanish for the Dutch government after this debacle.

NEW COALITION FORGED IN KOREA. Kagoshima, Japan. Despite the setbacks of previous coalitions to save the Guangzhou Emperor, it seems that the Japanese have mustered a new force to hold back the armies of Ascendant China. The Japanese have offered lucrative shares in the conquest of Korea to European imperial powers, which has been fuelled into the construction of a powerful new coalition army. Denmark led the way to participate in the coalition, encouraging other powers to join in the action. Among these is the rising European power of Paris-Burgundy, which has brought a substantial army to serve alongside the rest in the great battles soon to erupt. Furthermore, Scandinavia, which had already dispatched their own smaller forces, increased the size of their contribution in order to garner more of the glory for themselves. Lastly, the Republic of the Netherlands has begun providing a force of its own, further bolstering the numbers of the allied force against China and Korea. With all these armies, many are concerned at who actually leads them, though some of the Europeans have deigned to listen to the suggestions of the Japanese who have already been fighting there. Whether this would sabotage the war effort would only be seen for sure on the battlefield.

JAPANESE-KOREAN WAR EXPANDS. Seoul, Korea. What began as a fairly small scale conflict between Japan and Korea has escalated into a much larger war as greater combatants threw in their own stakes into the conflict. The Ascendant Kingdom of Holy China was the first, pledging support to reel back and eliminate western influences from the Korean nation. In exchange, the Korean king pledged vassalage, becoming a subservient king to the larger Chinese nation. The war further escalated with the long overdue creation of a European coalition to respond to the Chinese threat at last. Armies from four different European powers have arrived to ally themselves with the Japanese to crush Korean resistance. Both the Chinese and European armies would take a substantial portion of the year to actually arrive and make a different in the Korean campaign, and for a time, the Japanese and Koreans alone clashed. This has come in the form of a continuing siege of Seoul, as the Japanese held the lines against Korean sallies and attempts to oust the Japanese invaders. The Scandinavian were the first outsider force to arrive, already having a few regiments attached to the Japanese in Korea. With the aid of the Japanese navy, they engaged the Chinese navy in major battle, after hunting it down in harbor. Not expecting the attack, the Chinese fleet was caught, but still managed to acquit itself fairly well against Japanese sailing ships, but ultimately it was torn to shreds. Only a few Chinese ships survived hiding on the coast or among the burning hulks of their ruined fellow warships. The main Chinese army only a week later cross the border into Korea to eject the invaders. Faced with the threat of being expelled from the peninsula before more reinforcements from the rest of the coalition arrived, the Scandinavians and Japanese were forced to fight several small delaying actions against the Chinese army. These were fairly successful, though they unfortunately were pushed away from Seoul by superior Chinese numbers. Thanks to these brave actions, late in the year, the full coalition army was assembled and marched to fight the combined Korean and Chinese force. Near the city of Daegu, both armies clashed in a massive fight involving nearly a half million men. Though they were badly outnumbered by the Chinese, and the threat of being overrun hung over the westerners' heads, a superiority in quality and numbers of artillery pieces played out devastation across the Chinese lines. Unfortunately, despite the effectiveness of the artillery, the fighting soon took a turn for the worse for the coalition. Failures to effectively communicate and a language barrier between the army of Paris-Burgundy and the Japanese, as neither had anyone capable of speaking the other's language, caused a failure of the lines. The result was confusion, which the veteran Chinese commander was able to exploit. The Chinese were able to overwhelm the Burgundian positions through sheer brute numbers, and no reinforcements would arrive due to the failure to coordinate with the Japanese. Eventually Danish troops arrived, but they were too late to seal the gap that had been created. The coalition army was forced to retreat, as portions of their supply camps were overrun. Regardless of the defeat, the coalition still managed to inflict massive damage upon the Chinese and Korean armies and have regrouped in various cities along the southern coast. Unfortunately, the nature of the victory has split up the various armies as they regroup among their own expeditions.
Casualty Lists
Ascendant's Kingdom of Holy China: 39 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 10 Artillery Brigades, 67 Fifth Rate Warships, 4 Second Rate Warships
Korea: 7 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 2 Artillery Brigades
Denmark: 3 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade
Japan: 5 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 2 Artillery Brigades, 29 Fifth Rate Warships, 2 Second Rate Warships, 2 Kanrin Maru-class Warships
Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy: 6 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 1 Artillery Brigade
Republic of the Netherlands: 1 Infantry Brigade
Scandinavia: 7 Infantry Brigades, 1 Artillery Brigade, 1 Oslo-class Warship

DEATH OF THE KING OF KOREA. Seoul, Korea. As the Japanese and European invasion continued throughout Korea, the ancient King Sunjo of Korea passed away during the siege of Seoul. Though the monarchy claims that he died valiantly defending the walls against the Japanese and leading a charge against them, it is more likely that he simply passed away quietly in the bed in which he has spent most of his time over the past five years. Over the course of his reign, King Sunjo held the West out of Korea, including defeating a Swedish invasion and holding back foreign influence. Though at times, members of his monarchy strayed to make deals with European interests, the king always managed to halt and throw back any penetration of sacred Korea. The new King Heonjung has been selected due to his similar nature to the departed king, and has pledged to continue his alliance with the Chinese, and lead the complete destruction of the foreign invasion of Korea.

CONFRONTATION ESCALATES TO POLISH-DUTCH BATTLE OFF SIAMESE COAST. Bangkok, Siam. The Polish intervention in the Burmese-Siamese conflict raised the ire of other European powers who felt it infringed upon their sphere of influence. Both Scandinavia and the Republic of the Netherlands spoke out against the Polish aid for Burma, but only one had the nerve to take the confrontation to the next level. The Dutch have pledged a blockade of Siam until the Polish withdraw from their invasion efforts. The Polish have attempted to reinforce their armies in Siam this year, leading to a major confrontation. While attempting to sail to a Polish-controlled harbor, a Dutch ship fired upon the Polish fleet, attempting to block their arrival to Siam. While this scouting vessel was quickly sunk, the Dutch soon retaliated. The main Dutch fleet was able to bottle the Poles in their harbor and soon assaulted it. The Polish were able to use captured Siamese coastal fortifications to make the battle a little more fair, but they were woefully out matched and outgunned. The Dutch navy annihilated the Polish fleet, leaving nothing much more than floating scrap in the harbor, but at a heavy cost.
Casualty Lists
Poland: 8 Second Rate Warships, 6 First Rate Warships, 10 Crescent-class Warships in Indochina
Republic of the Netherlands: 7 Third Rate Warships, 5 Second Rate Warships, 2 First Rate Warships, 4 Virjheid-class Warships

SIAMESE-BURMA WAR CONTINUES. Rangoon, Burma. As the Poles and Dutch fight each other off the coast, fighting has continued on the land between the main armies of Burma and Siam. The Poles also continue to hold their ground against the Siamese, hoping to ration their supplies and not be destroyed by the Dutch blockade or relentless native attacks. As implied, a smaller Siamese force did their best to force the Poles to withdraw by placing them under a relentless siege. The Poles barely managed to hold their positions in battle and have continued to maintain the strongholds they've established throughout southern Siam. When it became apparent they were not going to budge without substantial assault and losses, the Siamese were forced to pull back and instead throw their full efforts into fighting the Burmese. The Burmese used the lull in Siamese attacks to launch a fresh offensive in the campaigning season this year, and were once more bloodied in a fairly indecisive battle. The Siamese took the offensive themselves, hoping to seize the city of Rangoon, and in a brilliantly fought campaign successfully devastated Burma's army and seized the great port. This has threatened to devastate their economy as they attempt to recover from the dramatic battlefield losses.
Casualty Lists
Burma: 15 Infantry Brigades, 4 Cavalry Brigades, 5 Artillery Brigades
Poland: 1 Infantry Brigade, 1 Artillery Brigade
Siam: 15 Infantry Brigades, 3 Cavalry Brigades, 7 Artillery Brigades

BRITAIN GRANTS PORTUGAL NEW ZEALAND. Wellington, Portugal. In a move apparently designed to bring in Portugal's allegiance in the ongoing war against the Empire of Holy Spain, the British have turned over control of the islands of New Zealand. The colony has been disputed for several years as Portuguese merchants and settlers began inhabiting the southern island. The effort has been made to resolve this dispute once or twice, but both groups of settlers have continued to clash for years. The issue has finally been put to rest as the United Kingdom recognizes Portugal's right to rule both islands and all inhabitants within. The British citizens who wished to leave departed to Sydney in neighboring Australia, giving the Portuguese open lands to exploit and a fresh batch of already exploited resources and trading goods left behind by the British.

TIBET AND CHINA MAKE PEACE. Lhasa, Tibet. The war which brought down three emperors and brought about the rise of the Ascendancy in China has at last come to a total end in all respects. Years of constant fighting between the Ascendancy and Tibet were typified by limited skirmishes and raids between the two factions. No real major battles on the scale of the combat along the coast has led to neither faction ever truly dominating the other. New forts created by the Tibetans have led to the Ascendants deeming further continuing the war to be infeasible at the current time. The result has been a peace treaty signed between the two, as they secure a peace, at least for the time being. Both have agreed to recognize the standing borders as the new boundaries between nations.

SPECIAL: War of the American Presidency​

SPANISH LAUNCH NEW CAMPAIGN IN EASTERN SOUTH ATLANTIC. Luba, Empire of Holy Spain. The entry of Portugal into the war has opened up more options for the Spanish in the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean. The Spanish began with a campaign against the Portuguese colony of Angola, striking with a local fleet against the minute garrison there. To the surprise of no one, the colony fell fairly quickly after a number of small battles against the Spanish attackers. The Portuguese garrison did manage to win a few small scale victories at various points through the colonies, sinking a pair of Spanish transports, but with the homeland cut off, the result was inevitable. Following that easy victory, the Spanish went on to seize the British island of St. Helena, which was undefended with the exception of a few dozen surprised garrison soldiers. The Spanish have established their own local garrison, and secured the island from the British, though it did become subject to a few Brazilian raids later in the year.
Casualty Lists
Empire of Holy Spain: 2 Santiago-class Armed Transports
Portugal: 1 Infantry Brigade

NAVAL WARFARE IN THE AMERICAS. Guantanamo, Empire of Holy Spain. Portugal's entry into the War of the American Presidency has opened their colonies in the Americas for attack by Spanish forces. This has included the occupation and attacks upon the Portuguese West Indies, and a somewhat substantial local naval battle. The island garrisons were attacked by the Spanish American fleet, and the Portuguese bravely sallied forth to do battle regardless of the odds. Unsurprisingly, the Portuguese navy was devastated, with only a single older Spanish ship sunk to reward them for their efforts. The island garrisons soon surrendered to the Spanish, with little hope of resupply or support from any other source. The Spanish followed up their victory here by resuming their hunt for the remnants of the Brazilian navy. They were only ever able to track down a single Brazilian steamship, which they cornered in a Portuguese port in Africa. The rest continued their raiding as the Spanish urged their captains to ease off the Brazilian coastline.
Casualty Lists
Empire of Brazil: 1 Libertador-class Warship
Portugal: 1 Infantry Brigade, 6 Fourth Rate Warships, 5 Third Rate Warships, 1 Second Rate Warship
Empire of Holy Spain: 2 Second Rate Warships

SPANISH ASSAULT BRITISH EAST INDIES. Singapore, United Kingdom of Great Britain. As the attention of the British military remains focused upon India and Iberia, the Spanish have managed to secure victories on the further corners of the earth. They have assaulted Brunei and Malaysia, the most profitable British possessions east of India. With the British fleet having gone to the Indian ocean, they were not expecting Spanish troops to arrive from far off Nueva Leon, and to directly attack their prized colonies. Brunei fell easily, having only a token garrison to defend it, and the Spanish ships and army easily secured all positions of value. They faced a more difficult fight for Singapore, as the British had a somewhat significant army stationed there to forestall attack. Without a navy, however, they were faced with attack from all sides, though the substantial fortifications prevented any direct attack. To the surprise of all, a Spanish landing on the island of Singapore was repulsed, and badly mauled by prepared British positions. Facing defeat, the Spanish army instead secured the rest of the peninsula, in order to later renew and offensive.
Casualty Lists
Empire of Holy Spain: 2 Infantry Brigades
United Kingdom of Great Britain: 1 Infantry Brigade

THE WAR IN INDIA. Calcutta, United Kingdom of Great Britain. The war in India has taken a dramatic shift this year, as the Spanish begin deploying unprecedented amounts of locally recruited infantry against the British army. Regardless of losing any local cavalry screens and support, the British have attempted to push forward, to continue to hold the initiative on the battlefield. The result was the battle of Nagpur, where the Spanish managed to lure in the British to test their fresh troops in the field on their own terms. The result was an overwhelming Spanish victory, crushing the British and routing their forces, sending the British army into chaotic retreat. The army was scattered, as some fled south, barely maintaining order, and other fled to the east. This devastating victory has given the Spanish army full control over the fields of India, as they begin pushes of their own to liberate lost territories and restore favor with the princes. They began by restoring their lost territories, easily brushing aside what garrisons and support the British had assembled in the region. From, there the Spanish determined to invade the southern British holdings in India, after cutting them off from the north once again. The Portuguese army in India at last arrived, helping to restore some order to the British army and the combined force marched to meet the Spanish in battle at Hubli. The allied army managed to halt the Spanish, winning a surprising victory, thanks to Portuguese scouts, who spotted and anticipated the Spanish plan of attack. The Spanish advances were halted for the rest of the year, as both sides rested and began preparations for next year's war.
Casualty Lists
Empire of Holy Spain: 10 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 2 Artillery Brigades
Portugal: 2 Infantry Brigades
United Kingdom of Great Britain: 13 Infantry Brigades, 4 Artillery Brigades

INVASION OF IBERIA. Lisbon, Portugal. Portuguese's declaration of war upon Spain has been seen as foolhardy by some, even within Portugal itself. Within weeks of the onset of the fresh war, the Spanish army in Iberia had amassed and were already advancing upon Lisbon itself. The Portuguese army was defeated in a small skirmish and immediately pulled back into the fortifications surrounding the city. They were placed under siege as they prepared themselves for the long haul and the arrival of British support. The Spanish navy acted quickly, though most of the Portuguese ships were quicker, escaping Lisbon before the Spanish fleet materialized. The Portuguese ships that remained were easily annihilated and the Spanish soon closed off Lisbon from the sea, securing the position of siege around the city. The Spanish fleet soon regrouped as the Home Fleet heard from spies in Britain that the main British fleet had departed south. Advance ships were spotted near Portugal, and the Spanish soon engaged. Unfortunately, this turned out to be a decoy force of speedy vessels, mostly newer Monarch-class vessels. These ships were soon defeated, along with a small Portuguese taskforce. The main British Royal Navy had instead materialized with an army expedition off the coast of the city of Gijon. As the British army began to unload their supplies, the Spanish knew that an immediate assault had to take place, and all the ships of the home fleet were gathered to face the main British navy in battle. The Battle of Faro de Penas was begun as the entire Spanish armada engaged the amassed might of the British Royal Navy. The resulting battle was larger than the Battle of Chincoteague Bay in 1847, the largest naval battle in history until now, as counts after the battle seem to state that four hundred and twenty-three warships took part in the fight. The battle was begun as British light steamers harried the main Spanish fleet, but they would be occasionally roped into battle by similar Spanish ships. The Spanish managed to use the winds and sail to drag these skirmishes into a larger battle, and into the range of heavier Spanish warships. The heavy British and Portuguese warships also closed in for battle, and the main festivities began as both sides' cannons blared and hulls cracked, sending some ships gracefully to the bottom while others simply exploded from strikes at ammunition or the steam engines. While the greatest ships that modern steam power could provide clashed, numerous older vessels, old sailing warships engaged as well. The battle carried on throughout the day fairly indecisively when two hours in, a massive explosion carried through the skies, and it appears that the British flagship, the Duke of York exploded. The ship had not been engaged in battle, and it appears that the explosion was likely caused by accidental mishandling of black power in the ammunition hold. The battle shifted afterward as the British ships were thrown into confusion as the admiral was clearly slain. Soon after the participating Portuguese task force broke and fled, leaving a gaping hole in the lines of battle. The Spanish ably exploited this and managed to turn extensive firepower upon the British vessels, raking them with little retaliation. By the end of the day, the British withdrew, retreating from the field and heading home. Despite the devastating loss at sea, the British still had managed to deploy a substantial army onto the ground at Gijon before their supply lines were cut by the Spanish navy. Faced with shortages, the British commander made the bold move to push towards Portugal, relieve Lisbon and establish supply depots there. The British were quickly on the move, and would be met at Lugo by the Spanish, who stood in their way of relieving Lisbon. The Spanish outnumbered them and managed to set up a defensive position blocking any British escape to the southwest. The British had no choice but to attack in unfavorable conditions, and of course were badly defeated. With the Spanish army pressing in, the British were shelled and forced to surrender, with no escape promised. The British defeat allowed the Spanish to push in on Lisbon once more, and they managed to take the city, forcing the remnants of the Portuguese to fleet to the south and the monarchy to escape through the Spanish blockade by ship. Overall, the Spanish have secured their dominating position on the Iberian Peninsula.
Casualty Lists
Empire of Holy Spain: 6 Infantry Brigades, 4 Cavalry Brigades, 3 Artillery Brigades, 6 Third Rate Warships, 23 Second Rate Warships, 4 First Rate Warships, 42 Neptuno-class Warships, 29 Toledo-class Warships, 2 Norwich-class Warships (+11 Second Rate Warships, +4 First Rate Warships, +2 Monarch-class Warships, +4 Norwich-class Warships, +3 Granada-class Warships from captured prizes)
Portugal: 3 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 2 Artillery Brigades, 15 Fourth Rate Warships, 8 Third Rate Warships, 6 Second Rate Warships, 5 Granada-class Warships, 6 Oslo-class Warships, 3 Virjheid-class Warships
United Kingdom of Great Britain: 10 Infantry Brigades, 3 Cavalry Brigades, 5 Artillery Brigades, 1 Third Rate Warship, 43 Second Rate Warships, 7 First Rate Warships, 40 Monarch-class Warships, 28 Norwich-class Warships (+5 Second Rate Warships, +6 Neptuno-class Warships, +3 Toledo-class Warships)

FIGHTING IN PENNSYLVANIA. Pittsburgh, United States of America. The largest battles in the North American theater of the War of the American Presidency took place in the state of Pennsylvania. As pieces moved into place, the governors' armies managed to strike the first blow of the year, sending their two largest armies, one from the west and one from the east, to trap Scott's force in the center of the state. The armies eventually met at the small hamlet of Carlisle, where they managed to force Scott's army into a defensive battle on unfamiliar terrain. The result was a tactical stalemate, as both sides were exhausted after bloody fighting and no changes in positions. At the end of the second day of battle, the army of Scott still held its ground, but realized its unfavorable position. In order to preserve the army, they were forced to withdraw from Pennsylvania, back into Maryland. The battle itself may have been a draw, but the result has been the defeat of Scott's invasion of the north, sending them back to the southern states.
Casualty Lists
United States of America (Gubernatorial Faction): 8 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 2 Artillery Brigades
United States of America (Scott Faction): 8 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 2 Artillery Brigades

INVASION OF NEW ENGLAND. Bangor, United States of America. As the fighting in Pennsylvania wound down, another army under one of Scott's supporters at last started the war in the north. Using positions established in Nova Scotia, Scott's army advanced and brushed aside gubernatorial defenses in Maine. The state was quickly swayed over to the side of Scott, and a new governor was appointed from among Scott's local backers. The militias have thrown their support in for President Scott in Maine, as the armies prepare to push further south. Before the advance continued, a smaller army was detached from the forces in Pennsylvania to provide for the defense of the heartland of the governors' support and match the forces the at Scott committed to the theater. The first real battle of the campaign took place for control of New Hampshire as Scott's army threatened Manchester. The defending forces of the governors managed to defeat Scott's and send them retreating back into Maine. Both sides left it at there, preserving a new status quo on the borders of Maine and New Hampshire.
Casualty Lists
United States of America (Gubernatorial Faction): 2 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade
United States of America (Scott Faction): 2 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 1 Artillery Brigade

INVASION OF THE MIDWEST. Danville, United States of America. The fighting in Pennsylvania and dedication of most of the governors' army to the east, opened the doors for an invasion of the young state of Indiana. A small army under Scott managed to defeat the local garrison handily, and seize the state, bringing about new elections and a government supporting the new regime in Washington. Reinforcements were soon rushed in after the battle of Carlisle, as they attempted to preserve Ohio and Michigan from falling to Scott as well. Thanks to superior numbers, the governors' army managed to keep the rest of the Midwest outside of Indiana under their control, but were unable to push Scott's supporters out of territories already taken. The result has been further threats against the west, as Scott's position grows marginally stronger politically.
Casualty Lists
United States of America (Gubernatorial Faction): 2 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade
United States of America (Scott Faction): 1 Infantry Brigade, 1 Cavalry Brigade

THE WAR AT SEA. Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil. The commerce raids and less organized skirmishing at sea began to decline this year, and overall, shipping has been allowed to continue with relative little hindrance. This has been mostly attributed to the consolidation of the British and Spanish fleets for the battles off the coast of Iberia, but other factors have contributed. International shipping and shipping within the warring empires have adjusted to account for the situations at sea, allowing them to more safely provide transit for merchant goods. The result has been a change in sea shipping lanes, forcing raiders to go further in search of ideal targets. Despite the scaling back of Spanish and British commerce raiding, the Brazilians have upped their own contribution to this, and managed some fairly impressive victories. Spanish attempts to corral the Brazilian raiders have proven futile, as the seas have proven just too large to accomplish much more than the sinking of a solitary Brazilian raider.
Casualty Lists
Empire of Holy Spain: 2 Neptuno-class Warships
Empire of Brazil: 1 Libertador-class Warship
Portugal: 1 Granada-class Warship
United Kingdom of Great Britain: 2 Monarch-class Warships

Financial Section​

RAILROAD TREATIES SIGNED. Calais, Flanders. Two new treaties have established a regulatory stance on the growing industry of railroads and the substantial transportation of goods they provide. The Dutch and the Flemish were the first to sign a treaty dictating a united effort to coordinate railroad gauges, keeping similar track standards. This has done much to bind together the growing railroad industries in both nations, further tying together the economies. The Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy followed suit, signing a similar agreement with the government of Flanders. This has given all three nations a similar gauge of railroad, further expanding their economies and trade. These treaties have been fairly similar in nature, but are the first of their kind, as no other such treaties have ever been made.

CENTRAL EUROPEAN TRADE AGREEMENT SIGNED. Dijon, Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy. A new route of trade has begun to emerge across Central Europe, based through the growing ties of commerce and political unity displayed between Austria and the Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy. These two nations are believed to have entered into talks into combined efforts in railroad construction, among other mutual economic endeavors. First among these has been the establishment of a new lowered tariff trading agreement linking both Austria and Paris-Burgundy. Under pressure from both sides, Bavaria also became party to the agreement, further following the economic and political policies of their Austrian allies. The effort has been seen as a strong step forward for both nations, possibly to extend to a true economic sphere in the center of Europe.

SCANDINAVIA AND PARIS-BURGUNDY CONFIRM OLD AGREEMENTS. Oslo, Scandinavia. The governments of the Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy and the Scandinavian Empire have signed a new agreement reaffirming the old trade treaties and a tariffs that existed under the Northern League. The Swedish regime which had confirmed them has since vanished with the reformation of Stockholm's government into the larger Scandinavian empire. The reaffirmation of the old trade agreements has restored a status of alliance and trade between the new powers, recreating an amicable relationship. The hopes remain that this could be the basis for some sort of resurrection of the Northern League, but most doubt it will ever reach that point.

ECONOMIC FLUCTUATION REPORT. Madrid, Empire of Holy Spain.


Random Stat Changes and Fluctuations

Hanoverian Army Deterioration: -1 Army Quality

Diplomatic Pouch

To: Kingdom of Savoy-Milan
From: Roman Republic

The time for the Italian revolution is now, and the old guard's hold on the peninsula is crumbling. We ask that you join us and the Tuscans in defending the new order against those who seek to restore old tyrants to their unjust positions.

To: Kingdom of Savoy-Milan
From: Austria and Naples

We are quite angered at the activities of the Brothers of Italy this year and blame you for the actions of this evil organization of anarchy and disorder. We demand that you renounce any affiliation to the Brothers of Italy and refuse all support for the illegitimate regimes in Rome and Florence.

To: Empire of Holy Spain
From: Pope Leo XIII

We beg of you, aid us in recovering the holy city of Roma from the barbaric Italian revolutionaries. We must restore the true order of the Catholic Church and these anarchists cannot be allowed to decimate over a thousand years of Christian history.

To: Kingdom of Savoy-Milan
From: Tuscany

We hope that you will agree to defend us should any outside power threaten to overturn the republic which we have fought so hard to establish. We hope that a defensive pact will emerge between us as a stepping stone to a united Italian nation.

To: Mamluk Caliphate
From: Tunis

We must insist that you allow the liberation of the people of Tripolitania from your rule. If you do not agree to recognize their independence, we will be forced to become more directly involved in their righteous uprising.

To: Scandinavia
From: Novgorod

Your investigators and advisors are no longer welcome in our courts, and we are now reevaluating our trade and economic relations with you and your imperial government.

OOC

Treat yourself to a cookie if you read this.

World Map

To: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Kingdom of Portugal, Empire of Brazil
From: Empire of Holy Spain

Another year has come and gone in this war, and again the superiority of Spanish arms has been shown. However, given events that currently threaten all of us, not to mention the harm this war is doing to trade, we are willing to offer you the following terms, in order to end this war once for all.

• The United Kingdom will:
  • Cede the Falkland Islands and southern British India to the Empire of Holy Spain.
  • Pay 10 EP in indemnizations to the Empire of Holy Spain.
  • Return all Granada, Toledo or Neptuno-class Warships in their navy to the Empire of Holy Spain.
  • Cease all material support of the Governor's Faction in the United States.
• The Kingdom of Portugal will:
  • Cede Angola, Portuguese India and the Portuguese West Indies to the Empire of Holy Spain.
  • Pay 5 EP in indemnizations to the Empire of Holy Spain.
  • Return all Granada-class Warships in their navy to the Empire of Holy Spain.
• The Empire of Brazil will:
  • Pay 10 EP in indemnizations to the Empire of Holy Spain.
  • Cease their blockading of Spanish merchant ships.
  • Cease all material support of the Governor's Faction in the United States.
• The Empire of Holy Spain will:
  • Return Newfoundland, British West Indies and British East Indies to the United Kingdom.
  • Return Occupied Portugal to the Kingdom of Portugal.
• All nations will:
  • Cease their attacks on all shipping.
  • Return any prisoners made in the war.

Hopefully, these terms will be considered as they are, that is, very generous, given what all of you have gone through in this year. Rejecting them will make it worse for you.

Of course, we are willing to negotiate some of the terms, but make no mistake, we are not fools, and will not accept any terms that are anything not favourable to Spain.

To: United States of New Spain
From: Empire of Holy Spain

Events that currently take place in Spanish Yucatán, and to be more exact in the border between Yucatán and the United States of New Spain, show that the latter, despite all their kind words, are acting in bad faith in there. There have been too many incidents in which Mayan rebels cross the border with total impunity and "miraculously" encounter military supplies that are somehow not defended by the New Spanish soldiers, "stealing" funds and weaponry from said supplies and returning back to Spanish territory without being persecuted by New Spanish soldiers at any moment.

Unless New Spain actively acts to prevent Mayan incursions in their territory and collaborates with the Empire of Holy Spain to purge this continuous threat to stability in the region, we will be forced to conclude that New Spain is actively funding the Mayan rebels in Spanish Yucatán, and act accordingly so that it does not happen ever more.

And, please, no more offers to buy Yucatán from us.

To: Roman Republic
From: Empire of Holy Spain

We do not understand the reasons why the Pope has been persecuted out of Rome. The Pope has been ruling your lands with great efficiency for many years, and has done much good for you. The fact that you have persecuted him, probably with the intention of killing him for what was not his fault, does not do you any good.

Thus, we stand with Austria and Naples, and will act in support of Pope Leo XIII, unless the Roman Republic voluntarily restores him to the position of ruler of the Papal States as they stood before this rebellion happened.

OOC: dang.. that's a lot seemingly weighted battles.

To Savoy-Milan
Cc Austria, Naples, the Pope
From Paris and Burgundy

We would like to point out that NAPs override defensive alliances concluded after the NAPs were signed. If you sign and act on a defensive alliance with the de facto regime in Tuscany, or, indeed, with the so-called Roman Republic, in a way that is aggressive towards those states with which you have signed an NAP, that, in our eyes, would necessarily abrogate the NAPs.

Therefore we urge you to do no such thing and to maintain the treaties you have signed, and allow your various treaty-partners to interact with the de facto governments in Rome and Florence as they see fit without any interference with you that would be an abrogation of your various NAPs.

In short, it is clear that Austria and Naples have every right to interfere in Tuscany as they see fit, but you are most certainly bound by treaty not to use any sort of military force to stop them from interfering, and if you do use military force in such a fashion it would be most disgraceful, perjurious and unbecoming conduct.

To Brittany
From Paris and Burgundy

We must once again express our dismay at the disorder of the French minority in your kingdom, and condole with you on what a dreadful thing it must be for you to have to engage in the quelling of those very subjects of yours who should look to you as to a chosen representative of God.

To the Pope
From Paris and Burgundy

We absolutely stand behind you, and if we can help you in any way, please ask.

To Scandinavia, the Netherlands, Denmark, Japan
From Paris and Burgundy

I suggest we organise a command and co-ordination structure of some sort, equipped with translators found from among the traders in Japan and elsewhere, so that our armies can work together more effectively; all of us should indicate this in our orders to our armies. I also suggest that we elect a single commander-in-chief for the entire war, and I recommend that this post should be held in annual rotation by a Scandinavian commander, then a Japanese commander, then a Parisian or Burgundian commander, then a Danish commander, then a Dutch commander, and then by a Scandinavian and so on. Do you all agree? Therefore this would signify that the Scandinavians are in charge of devising a unified strategy for this coming turn.