Election of 1852: Crossroads of History
Whig Party
Winfield Scott, Age 65, President. Former general of War of 1812, Victorian War, and Mexican-American War. Won total victory over Mexico, annexing them as a territory of the Union. Worked on Compromise of 1850, quieting slavery issues and ensuring stability. Wants to continue colonization of Australia and Oceania, while seeking total victory over Spain. If re-elected, promises to end slavery by the end of his term without destroying the South.
Democratic Party
Platform: Quiet issue of slavery and uphold Compromise of 1850
Franklin Pierce, Age 48, New Hampshire Senator and Representative. Grenadier in Mexican-American War. Personally disagrees with slavery, but says it is necessary to keep the Union together. Wants to capture Nicaragua from Spain and then focus on captures of Japanese ports, as they are weak.
Lewis Cass, Age 70, Former president, diplomat to France, and Michigan Senator and Governor. Wants withdrawal from Nicaragua and immediate peace with Spain. Wants to focus on invasion of British colonies after the technology for infantry are discovered.
James Buchanan, Age 61, Pennsylvania Senator and Represenative and diplomat to Russia. Wants to capture Nicaragua, focus on colonization as well as capture of Japanese and Spanish ports; promises to push Manifest Destiny to the end of the world. Wants to give the South more votes to create balance of slavery and anti-slavery. Wants to enact laws to keep slaves in better health.
William L. Marcy, Age 65, New York Governor, Senator, and former Secretary of State. Denounces Manifest Destiny, wanting to instead focus on stability of freedom throughout the world and at home. Wants to end military production and focus on science for defense and happiness.
Stephen A. Douglas, Age 39, Illinois Senator and Representative. Wants to focus on modernization of the United States, and promotion of ethics and civility. Wants to re-enact Cass-Era Popular Sovereignty. Wants to fight for better treatment of slaves and immigrants. Does not believe in racial equality. Wants to prepare for war against British colonies.
Free Soil Party
John P. Hale, Age 46, New Hampshire Senator. First senator to speak out against gag rule. Wants to abolish slavery, and prohibit alcohol, prostitution, and gambling. Wants to expand human rights, including the banning of flogging in the navy. Wants to immediately end all wars and work on diplomacy, economy, health, culture, and scientific research.
Know Nothing Party
Jacob Broom, Age 44, Know Nothing activist and law student. Anti-catholic and immigration. Wants to lessen influence of Catholicism with the annexation of Mexico, and not extend citizenship to Hispanics.
Southern Rights Party
George M. Troop, Age 71, Georgia Senator and Representative. Wants to write into the constitution the right to vote on slavery, and thus end the issue of expanding anti-slavery to southern states. Wants to work on removal of Native Americans, and expansion of education and scientific research.
Campaign News:
The election was once again close due to indecisive conclusion on who the opposing candidate would be. The Democratic Party, wanting to uphold Scott's compromise to keep the Union, were very unclear on who would be the nominee. Franklin Pierce and Lewis Cass became the frontrunners late in the race, but it still was unclear even as the day of election drew close. Eventually, the Democratic Party decided on
Franklin Pierce, the "dark horse" of the Party.
Although very high approval from the military, industries, and colonists, Scott's downfall appeared to be from those who thought his war ethics in Mexico were inhumane.
Ballot:
Whig Party 2
• Scott 2
Democratic Party 8
• Pierce 3 (changed vote from Scott to Pierce to end stalemate)
• Cass 2
• Buchanan 1
• Marcy 1
• Douglas 1
Third Party Candidates
Hale 2
Broom 0
Troop 0