Persia
Despite collapsing into chaos rather spectacularly a generation earlier, Persia recovered remarkably quickly - or, at least, some parts of it. In 528, a local, Buddhist, chief from the area of Kabul rose to power and established a power base sufficient enough to establish his independence from Nishapur. Kabul prospered, as its kings spent a lot of their efforts patronizing the rebuilding of the region – and the area quickly became the safe, stable cultural nexus of the Persianate ethos, and a beacon of religious tolerance and plurality.
(Kabul: +Culture Development)
Seeing that they needed to reform to prevent further collapse, the Uar in fact did so. Taking cues from their Albanian predecessors, the Uar khans-turned-shahenshahs turned from wanton destruction to rebuilding, spending much of their gained wealth on rebuilding cities, towns, roads, and other infrastructure. Their conversion to Zoroastrianism in 534 was critical in solidifying their authority over much of the countryside, and breaking away from the past. It was an age of Persian rebuilding. Any Farsi attempts to strike back were stymied when the Uar returned and ended Farsi autonomy following an abortive attempt at independence in the mid-540s, helped by revolting mercenaries. In the wake of this invasion, the Uar moved their capital back to Persepolis. Makran remained largely peaceful, and still autonomous, as few Uar wanted to return.
(Uar Empire: -2 Infantry Companies, -1 Cavalry Companies, +Stability, +Economy Development, +Culture Development)
(Fars: -6 Infantry Companies, -2 Cavalry Companies, -Existence)
Central Asia
With the destruction of the Uyghurs at Rouran hands, some of the Uyghurs scattered. One tribe under the Uyghurs, the Kushans, ended up migrating north and west into Scythian lands, where they managed to again carve out a chunk of land for themselves. With the bulk of the Scythian army off in the west fighting campaigns against the Samojards and dissident Yotvingians, what Scythians there were in the region were displaced by the Kushan hordes in the late 540s, and the Scythians were unable to keep them out. The disruptions to Scythia caused by the Kushan’s marauding have rippled throughout the rest of the country.
(Scythia: -1 Cavalry Company, -Stability)
(Kushans: -2 Infantry Company)
Nevertheless, the rest of Scythia enjoyed a quite bountiful amount of prosperity. Trade routes up the Volga and Dneister Rivers were marked out and embellished with caravanserai and houses, now allowing free-flowing trade from the north to the Mediterranean sphere. The Scythian crown paid for the establishment of naval schools and shipyards, bringing sailors, shipbuilders, and tactical scholars from both the Baltic and Mediterranean traditions into the country to syncretize all these together, for Scythia’s benefit, as a matter of course. And, lastly, a grand new summer capital was established for Scythia, at a location that was a major crossroads of trade for multiple river routes. A magnificent palace was erected there, built in a Persianate style – but, perhaps, most grand of all, a temple for each of Scythia’s eight major deities was built on the palace grounds. From this new capital, the Scythians can extend their control better over the north of their country, keeping all of it harmoniously together.
(Scythia: +Navy Development, +Stability)
Bactria remained unbreakable, throwing off both an Indian invasion (which we shall detail later) and incursions by scattering nomadic tribes – many of whom settled and assimilated into Bactrian society by the end. The Bactrian kings spent much of their effort in this time patronizing military improvements, creating a series of military academies in their cities, and devolving much local control and authority over justice into the hands of military colonists. Overall, Bactrian society became far more militarized in this period, for better or for worse.
(Bactria: +Army Development)
Africa
Little of note is reported to have occurred in West Africa in this period – except for the fact that Jews from Aksum slowly travelled west across Darfur and into West Africa. While there were already Jews in the Sao kingdom, their numbers began growing significantly, as the foreign faith was brought to the region in the 530s and 540s, with adherents and communities now as far west as Ghana. In the Sao kingdom, the number of Jews has increased so rapidly the political institutions now view the religion as a threat, according to Aksumite accounts, at least. However, with the Jews have come cultural contacts with the greater Indian Ocean region, if sparse at best.
(Sao: -Stability, +Culture Development)
Similarly, the Azanians seemed quite content to remain in their homes, and little of note happened in these city-states during this time. Judaism, both the Aksumite and the Yibri kind, began to noticeably grow in popularity in this period.
In 530, a small Yibri force entered the realms of the third Feather King of Madagascar, but were met by a much larger Malagasy army, which was able to repulse the invaders and force them to rout. The result of this battle caused Yibri King Shido I Jeyte to openly curse the Feather King. And, barely a year later, a mysterious forest fire swept through Madagascar. In the wake of the event, the Yibri armies attacked again. Many of the Feather King’s followers, seeing the might of the spectacle laid out before them, abandoned him and accepted Judaism; and the ensuing war was quick. Madagascar has been incorporated into Yibram, though conflicts remain between the Yibri and tribes in the countryside. The Feather King was captured, beheaded, his head encrusted with jewels, and sold to an Indian merchant as a “rich exotic beast,” and his lands were redistributed to soldiers and rabbis. In this time, the Great Nacala Harbor was also completed in 548, becoming a true spectacle that was visited and frequented from traders from all across the Indian Ocean, and even by previously unknown peoples from parts west and south.
(Yibram: -2 Infantry Companies, -Stability, +Army Development, +Economy Development)
(Madagascar: -6 Infantry Companies, -Existence)
India
Magadha’s expansion into Kamarupa, as it turned out, was only the beginning of an extended sequence of warfare and conquest, under the great warrior-king Ram Sundara, whose tactical genius shall live forever in the annals of Indian history. After the crushing of Kamarupa in the early 520s, Ram Sundara turned west. The Indo-Greek realms of Sagala and Taxila were preparing to war once again, and just as the army of Sagala began their march for Taxila, their country was struck hard in the behind by the rampaging Magadhan invaders, in 532. Sagala itself fell after a quick siege, and at the Battle of Bucephala in 533, the Sagalan army, just recently victorious yet bloodied over the Taxilans, was wiped out almost to the last man. From there, Ram Sundara proceeded to march into Taxila, where the Taxilans, too, were routed in combat, and the northwest was secure. With the fall of Alexandria-on-the-Indus in early 535, the Indo-Greek realms had all been conquered. Ram Sundara placed some of his officers as the kshatrapas of the new realms, and these kshatrapas have, within a decade and a half, come to adopt Yona culture into their courts.
(Magadha: -3 Infantry Brigades, -2 Cavalry Brigades)
(Sagala: -6 Infantry Brigades, -6 Cavalry Brigades, -Existence)
(Taxila: -4 Infantry Brigades, -4 Cavalry Brigades, -Existence)
Yet Ram Sundara was still quite thirsty. He turned south and marched down the Indus River, to the Saka realms of the Western Kshatrapas. The kshatrapa of Patala, the most powerful of them all, attempted to form a unified league of the Sakas, in a largely vain attempt to counter Ram Sundara, and in 539 a combined force of Sakas marched against the Sundara armies. It was too little, too late, and despite some promising early victories, and the Sakas were dispersed. The city of Patala fell in 541. But one kshatrapa would live on – a Hindu kshatrapa, ruling from the city of Vallabhi. Its lands were too barren for Ram Sundara to care much, and quietly after the Sundara armies left, Vallabhi slipped away from Sundara control, and expanded over its neighboring territories.
(Magadha: -4 Infantry Brigades, -4 Cavalry Brigades)
(Western Kshatrapas: -2 Infantry Brigades, -5 Cavalry Brigades, - Existence)
This all concerned neighboring Malwa quite greatly. And, when a messenger from Pataliputra came with dubious information that Ram Sundara was turning his eye southwards, the Malwan king started panicking. He knew that he could not stand up to the Sundara war machine. Fortunately, there was another option. The king thought long and hard, and ultimately in 541 after receiving a number of generous gifts from one foreign envoy, it was official – Malwa would become a feudatory of the Chalukya dynasty of Karnataka. This was not the most popular move, certainly, and many Malwan advisors and nobles made a great outcry over the matter; but the king believed it was necessary, and that was that. Simultaneously, continued patronization of the arts and philosophies in the halls of Ujjain – particularly in mathematics – meant that the city’s thinkers and their texts would become renowned as far as Japan and Babylon.
(Malwa: -Stability, +Culture Development)
But Ram Sundara was not done, and, gathering his forces once more, marched across the Hindu Kush into Bactria in 545. Perhaps he would have conquered Bactria, too, but alas, at the gates of Ai-Khanoum in 546, Ram Sundara took an arrow to the forehead, and died almost instantly – with that, his army retreated back into India. While Ram Sundara II – Ramsundar the Great – will no doubt will go down in legend as one of India’s greatest conquerors, perhaps on par with Chandragupta Maurya himself, in 550 the empire he conquered – a Sundara Empire – stands at the brink, on the fine line between prosperity and collapse. It will all rely on his sun, Gopala Sundara, whose abilities are yet unproven.
(Sundara Empire: -3 Infantry Companies, -1 Cavalry Company, -Stability)
(Bactria: -2 Infantry Companies)
Kamarupa itself, having been forced from the west and merely existing in prayer that the Sundara Empire would not turn east once more, itself turned east. A group of envoys from Kamarupa crossed the mountains and arrived in Jianking in 534, to meet with the Sung Emperor. They returned with some trade goods, and formal contact. While harsh terrain makes further travel between the two lands difficult, the hope remains. Meanwhile, at home, Kamarupa simply rebuilt and resoldified control over its territories, through a mixture of force and centralizing administrative reforms.
(Kamarupa: +Stability)
Kalinga continued to build up and fortify its lands. It was helped that a Kalingan poet published an epic work detailing the country’s brutal conquest by the Maurya emperor Asoka in the third century BCE, a situation bearing chilling similarities to the present political situation in northern India. After Ram Sundara’s death, the Kalingans struck something of a blow by launching a series of raids into Bengal, already under loose enough Sundara control – while no land was exchanged, the years between 546 and 548 saw Kalingan soldiers return home with a good deal of wealth, largely stolen from local Hindu temples. This proved a major boost to Kalinga’s morale.
(Kalinga: +Stability, +Army Development, +Culture Development, +Loot)
Southern India saw its own fair share of war. In 535, the Kannadiga armies, seeing opportunity, invaded Tamilakam. One Kannadiga army struck down to the west, into the lands of Kerala, where after a number of battles, the major port cities such as Nelcynda and switftly fell into Kannadiga hands, as did the rest of the country; the outnumbered Chera forces largely retreated. In the east however, the marauding Kannadiga forces were far more closely matched, and despite several raids were unable to secure a major victory. While the combined Kannadiga armies were able to defeat the Tamils, the Kannadigas did not progress further into or annex Tamilakam in its entirety, being too thinly numbered after the initial victories to do so.
The fallout of the war had by 545 reduced the Chera dynasty to a small tract of land surrounding Thanjavur, with the Cholas to the south and the Pandyas to the north newly independent, and the new kingdoms find themselves largely domineered by the power of Karnataka. Thanjavur itself is less than half the size it was just a generation ago, as most of the cultural nexus that surrounded it has shifted to Kannadiga cities with the conquest. And Kannadiga military tracts, of the Kannada military tactic mockingly dubbed the “elephant rush” have proven influential across India. Closer to home, Kannadiga authorities outlawed the open promotion of Carvaka. This was popular in some quarters, but it led to as-yet-unproven fears amongst Kannada and Telugu Buddhists that they would soon suffer the same fate. Most Carvaka adherents and philosophers who did not reconvert to another school have fled northwards, either to Malwa or into the Sundara Empire. Kannadiga power in South India is uncontested.
(Karnataka: -6 Infantry Companies, -1 Cavalry Company, -Stability, +Army Development, +Culture Development, +Loot)
(Tamilakam: -8 Infantry Companies, -5 Cavalry Companies, -Existence)
Gokanna, on the island of Lanka, underwent an interesting development. While its kings were Buddhist, they nevertheless found the money and interest to patronize the construction of a great Temple to Rama, on a site that numerous scholars pointed out as the location of the mythical Kingdom of Lanka – the kingdom ruled by Ravana, and defeated by Rama in the great epic, the Ramayana. With the construction of such a grand temple, pilgrims from far and wide began reaching Lanka. Similarly, a great lighthouse was constructed in Gokanna, to mark the capital as a jewel.
(Gokanna: +Culture Development)
Southeast Asia
Tarumangara is in what can only be described as a golden age. Traders with India, China, and Japan have returned with magnificent goods and tales of glorious lands, and – most importantly of all – large numbers of imported texts, which have filled libraries at home. Emissaries from the Taruman court were in fact responsible for bringing many of these texts home, and in total these have formed the sprouts of a native intellectual community in the country, with a school of natural philosophy being established in the capital in 542. The capital itself, and many of the country’s other cities, saw great improvements modelled off travellers’ accounts of India, with sewage systems, great monuments and lush gardens being constructed, as well as better harbors based on the cothon system, and designated trading quarters – some of which have become permanent homes for Chinese, Japanese, and Indians – and forums for merchants, all sharply increasing trade revenues. In the countryside, roads were greatly improved.
Reportedly inspired by Indian and Chinese works on law, Sri Ratu Andriana instituted a unified, written code of laws, the “Tatakrama Andriana,” firmly codifying the Kejawen beliefs, including religious, social, and moral laws, for the first time in Nusantaran history. However, as this apparent golden age continues, not all are happy; the supposed proliferation of such “foreign ideas,” regardless of how true that actually is, has inflamed certain more conservative women in the body of Kejawen theologians. And this, despite all the obvious improvements that have come, has caused a deep resentment of Andriana’s courtship with these foreign ideas.
(Tarumangara: +Culture Development)
To the south, Taruman sailors continued their exploration of the mysterious, massive new land they call Rondan. In the 530s and 540s, a series of Taruman military expeditions set out into both the interior and around the coasts of Rondan. The most extensive would be that which set out in 539, which sailed down the supposed west coast of Rondan, until a harsh storm wrecked a number of ships and forced them to turn back. A similar expedition set out in 537 to explore the east, which made official contact with an island they named “Purwantara,” and exchanged weapons and goods with the island’s natives. Concurrent with the introduction of paper to Tarumangara by traders from China and Japan, Taruman sailors have been able to make somewhat extensive maps of their region. Much of inland Rondan was explored too, with little of note found except vast tracts of harsh desert and scattered natives. On Rondan itself, the trading post previously established has expanded into a small town and a local hub, as the area is settled by colonists. Additionally, fleeing Buddhists have established a pair of monasteries – with tacit Taruman support – on an island to the north, and a number of Hindu communities have formed inland as well. Reputedly, the ways of the settlers – including metalworking and, in some cases, Buddhism – are being spread to the natives.
(Tarumangara: -2 Squadrons)
On the mainland, Chinese and Indian texts from the period show that a pair of previously nonexistent states came into existence. One was Langkasuka. Claiming to be the continuation of an older kingdom, which exists in the oral memories of the local Malay peoples and is confirmed by Indian accounts and histories, Langkasuka of today is in fact a confederation of a number of monarchial city-states, dominated by the city of Tambralinga, towards the south of the realm. Hinduism is prevalent here, but Buddhism is growing, and with increasing Nusantaran cultural influence, there are numbers of Kejawen adherents here, especially in and around Tambralinga. Further north, the kingdom of Dvaravati arose, an Indianized kingdom of the Mon peoples living in the valleys west of Kamboja, which united much of the region for the first time under a possibly mythical king, Suryavikrama, in around 530.
Kamboja continued its expansion up the Mekong river, subjugating a number of local tribes – but, by the 540s, the state had started to overextend itself, and dynastic disputes had begun to unravel much of what had been accomplished. Buddhism continued its spread through the Khmer peoples. And neighboring Champa remained largely peaceful and somewhat prosperous through the period, with the exception of a growth in trade, as the city of Indrapura would arise as a port of call for some traders travelling between Tarumanagara and China.
(Kamboja: -Stability, -2 Infantry Companies)
(Champa: +Economy Development)
East Asia
The Rouran came invading Jin, for a second time, in 526, and once again advanced to the gates of Pyongyang. It looked as it this time the Rouran might actually finish the Jin Kingdom off. But this time, the Jin had come to an understanding with neighboring Baekje, and to the Rouran’s surprise, the armies of Baekje would come to Jin’s aid. The siege was relieved, the Rouran armies sent fleeing by the combined forces of the two Korean states, and once again Korea was spared destruction at the hands of a horde. This in a sense reflects the fact that Korean society in recent years has become far more militarized.
(Rouran: -2 Infantry Companies, -9 Cavalry Companies, -1 Siege Train)
(Jin: -2 Infantry Companies, -5 Cavalry Companies)
(Baekje: -3 Infantry Companies, -1 Cavalry Company)
Dejected, the Rouran turned their hordes west, into the Uyghur Khaganate. This war, in sharp contrast, went extremely well. While one half of the Rouran army attacked directly, the other half the army passed through the northern Tarim Basin city-states – themselves now increasingly divided between the coalition of the northern three (Kashgar, Tumxuk, and Kuqa) and the southern dominant state of Khotan – and attacked the Uyghurs from the south, and from there the Uyghurs were soundly defeated, very rapidly, the Uyghur khagan and his family killed, and Turkic citizens were placed in charge. By 540 Rouran horsemen were roaming the steppes as far west as the Oxus River.
(Rouran: -1 Infantry Company, -5 Cavalry Companies)
(Uyghur: -20 Cavalry Companies, -Existence)
In Gur Khan’s last years, he forced a series of reforms – the Yassa Decrees, named after the Persian-born writer-philosopher Yassin Abur, who proclaimed them. The khanate was transformed into a truly absolute monarchy, with the Khaan above all. Gur Khaan I would die, and the state would pass to his son Aggur, named Gur Khaan II. The khanate would be administered through a series of states, ruled by figures named kurultai, chosen by the khaan, supposedly on meritocratic lines. Education, taxes, and law were all reformed as well, in efforts to create a more equal society. While these administrative reforms have helped, the Khanate’s rapid expansion and subjugation of the Uyghurs has severely burdened the vast state, which now stretches from the Urals to the Pacific, to the point where the advances made by the reforms have been completely negated by the territorial additions since. Most of the west now lies under loose control, at best.
(Rouran: +Culture Development, -Stability)
The Yangdi Emperor’s illustrious reign began to come to an end in 530, when the aging emperor had his eldest son and heir, Chang Yang, crowned as co-emperor; a stroke of genius that would prevent any succession crisis. Five years later, Yangdi would retire – thus beginning the sole rule of the Qianglong Emperor, whose reign would see the continued prosperity of his predecessor. But the real power in Chinese domestic affairs through the whole cycle was the imperial chancellor, Yang Guo, who had spearheaded the conquest of Liao and whose Treatise on Military Efficiency had become the standard for Chinese military texts.
Between 530 and Yang Guo’s death, at the age of 80, in 541, a number of reforms and programs were initiated by the eminent chancellor. A large number of roads through the countryside were paved and constructed according to a plan by three mathematicians; schools and universities for the country’s scholars were constructed in towns across China; and, most far-reaching of all, at Yang Guo’s behest, the state began providing pensions for some of the elderly and unemployed. Some of these were popular, others were, suffice to say, not. The conservative faction of scholars balked strongly at the last one, citing it an unnecessary expense and an unnecessary involvement of the state in economic matters. Still, the Qianglong Emperor’s high opinion of the chancellor and his policies meant that they have stayed, years after Yang Guo’s death.
(Sung: -Stability, +Army Development, +Economy Development)
In Hirajima, these years were largely quiet; the Seven Ports efforts that had begun in an earlier generation were completed in earnest, to great fanfare, and solidifying the Hirajima kings’ authority over their realm. The combination of the ports’ completion and the growing trade between Japan on one hand and Nusantara and China on the other, and Japanese trade links as far as India and even Africa, meant that the Japanese economy and society could truly prospered and grew wealthy. Simultaneously, in 527, Hirajima soldiers crossed the strait to the northern island of Ejima, founding the port city of Tsuchiwan; mostly, this has been used for interaction between Hirajima and the Emishi and Ainu peoples of the north, with any locals who resisted Hirajima expansion subjugated or evicted by force. Japanese Buddhists have been particularly energetic in using Tsuchiwan as a staging point from where they can spread Buddhist teachings to the Ainu, and many have picked it up.
(Hirajima: +Stability, +Economy Development)
Story Bonuses
When Meduseld burning, one young ex-initiate at the Temple was reported to have fled the chaos, and, according to some reports, experienced a vision while lying in a ditch, of five figures. He has, supposedly, started wandering Europe, preaching and spreading their message. The destruction of Nornidr has also caused a number of Allfather adherents to spread into neighboring countries, especially into the Balkans, which is already religiously divided between Christians, Solar Faithful, and various other faiths.
Carthage’s outright rejection of the proposed Nording treaty hardened its navies in battle even further, and proved that the Mediterranean was still its
mare nostrum.
The Dacian system of roads has been critical in starting a larger flow of trade through Dacia, which has also prospered in this regard from the increased trade flowing through Scythia.
Fatar’s need for devotion has hardened the Samojard people, and even though their homeland has been lost, their faith in the god of their people only grows through their ordeals and their exile, and the memories will never die so long as Fatar lives.
The numerous kings of Yibram over the centuries have given the state a great deal of long-term stability that remains today.
It is a golden age for poetry in China. Perhaps one of the pivotal events in launching this golden age was the marriage of the aging Yangdi Emperor to Suren, a princess of the Rouran Khanate, in a diplomatic move that helped forge a lasting peace between the two East Asian realms. The marriage was a happy one, and despite a large age gap the two had strong feelings for each other. Court poets immediately set out writing love poems, in the efforts of winning the lovestruck Emperor’s favor, and the ensuing growth led to a national blossoming of poetry, advancing the country’s cultural prowess.
The Yassa decrees in the Rouran Khanate further advanced Rouran society, at least in the core regions surrounding the khaan’s burgeoning capital at Karakorum. The decrees also appear to take cues from the contemporary reformist Chinese figures such as Yang Guo.
OOC
NedimNapoleon (Bulgaria) has been NPC’d, as has Robert Can’t (Yr Henn Ogledd, which was destroyed anyway), for not sending orders two turns in a row. You’re both welcome to rejoin, if you see this.
Immaculate: I believe I had miscalculated your last turn’s army limit so it went up by a larger margin than you might expect.
Let’s make orders due
16 March for now.
As usual, let me know of the (probably a few) stats errors.