1483
1.) Safi falls to the Italians. Da Montofeltro proceeds to lead his troops to Marrakesh and lay siege to the city.
2.) Hrvoje defeats Konrad in the Battle of Kraków. Konrad, thoroughly depleted of troops, completely hands over southern Poland and retreats to Warsaw for reinforcements.
3.) Pushing his luck, Hrvoje attacks Konrad at Warsaw. While Hrvoje wins the battle, his losses are substantial and he is forced to return to Kraków rather than secure Warsaw.
4.) In Battle of Abzac the Orléanists crush the Loyalists, turning the tide in Bordeaux.
5.) The Orléanists win the Battle of Rouen. Despite the seemingly overwhelming confidence of the English and Loyalists in reaching the capital of Orléanist secessionism, their losses up to this point prove even more overwhelming, leading to a triumphant victory for their enemies.
1484
1.) Pivano sets out on a fifth voyage, accompanied by the prominent English-Welsh travel writer and scholar Oliver Hudson. After the voyage, during which the Hudson River (named for Oliver Hudson) was explored and the Irish colonies of Kings Town (OTL Manhattan) and New Waterford (OTL Brooklyn Heights, Brooklyn, New York) were established, Hudson made a map of the Pivanos discoveries for Oxford Universitys library. This map showed the discoveries as part of a continent separate from Asia and labeled as The New World or Columbia.
2.) Yann-Ber Kervran, a Breton, leads an expedition to Columbia from Vannes, Brittany. The explorers discover and map the Kebek River (OTL St. Lawrence River) and make contact with the Haudenosaunee before founding the cities of Christs Church (OTL Québec City) and St. Malo (OTL Sandwich, Cape Cod, Massachusetts).
3.) The first sugar mill becomes operational in Gran Canaria, the Canary Islands, Portugal.
4.) In Kraków Hrvoje is quickly makes up for his losses at Warsaw with volunteers from the Jewish ghetto, which is the largest in Europe.
5.) Hrvoje returns northwards to reengage Konrad in the Second Battle of Warsaw. Having a much larger advantage this time, Hrvoje wins a heavily lopsided victory. Konrad, barely escaping with his own life intact, flees the battlefield.
6.) With the Catholics drawing closer to Greifswald, Ludvig Burgen moves to the much safer University of Copenhagen. Even so, he continues to play a key role in the northern German Church and in the Evangelical Unions government.
7.) Bordeaux falls to the Orléanists. The Archbishop, along with the other Loyalist leaders, is executed.
8.) The Orléanists capture Honfleur and Harfleur from the English.
1485
1.) Marrakesh surrenders. Da Montofeltros troops turn southwards to attack Agadir.
2.) Da Montofeltro is stopped first at Essaouira where he easily decimates the enemy and then at Taroudannt where he only barely wins.
3.) The Italians lay siege to Agadir.
4.) Treaty of Warsaw is signed ending the War of Hungarian Succession. Konrad III the Rudy Piast, Duke of Masovia and claimant to the Polish throne agrees to relinquish all of his claims and to go into exile in Constantinople in exchange for amnesty. The Polish nobles who elected Konrad in the first place are stripped of their lands and titles and while a few particularly connected ones are able to flee to Constantinople with Konrad, most are brought to Kraków and executed.
5.) With Uro II Kotromanić, King of Hungary, Naples, and Poland, Stephanos of Bosnia, Prince of Albania and Montenegro, Grand Duke of Provence-Forcalquier dead and, again, no clear successor, the estates gather in Buda to choose a new monarch. While having shown no royal ambitions, Hrvoje Kotromanićs leadership makes him the obvious choice and is quickly elected to the Hungarian and Neapolitan thrones. The Polish quickly follow suit.
6.) The last of the Loyalists are crushed in Bordeaux.
7.) Orléanists win the Battle of Cherbourg, driving the English out of Normandy.
1486
1.) Gonzaga leaves the mountains where he had been fighting Moroccos defense militias and rallying the anti-Arab Berbers. He leads his troops (including a large contingent of Berbers) to lay siege to Demnate.
2.) Agadir capitulates.
3.) Santa Cruz (OTL Lomé, Togo) is established by the Portuguese.
4.) Riding on a wave of massive support Hrvoje quickly enacts the Great Reforms of 1486. First, these reforms grant greater rights to the Jewish and Hussite communities in recognition of their key role in the final years of the war (a less noble motive may have been to bribe the Jews of Naples into forgiving Hrvojes debt). The reforms also overhaul the empires archaic structure by: 1. Creating a single Hungarian Empire to replace the previous tripartite structure, 2. Replacing the Kingdoms of Hungary, Naples, and Poland with the less independent Crowns of St Stephen, St Januarius, and St Stanislaus, 3. Uniting the assemblies of state of Hungary, Naples, and Poland to create the weaker, but more efficient, Imperial Diet, 4. Adding more representatives for the burghers and minorities to the Diet, and 6. Giving the monarch more authority over changing the membership of the Diet.
5.) Hrvoje embarks on a massive campaign to redevelop the areas devastated by the war, particularly central and southern Poland, northern Hungary, southern Transylvania, Belgrade, and northern Serbia. Given the financial weakness of the empire Hrvoje is forced to take desperate fundraising measures, and thus sells Provence-Forcalquier to the Grand Duchy of France.
6.) In the Battle of Neuruppin a betrayal by the Swiss mercenaries, converted to the Protestant cause by a combination of bribery and the Protestants religious zeal, results in a devastating loss for the Catholics. After this, the Catholics immediately go into retreat.
7.) The Loyalists and Orléanists sign the Treaty of Amsterdam. In the treaty Edward IV relinquishes all of the House of Lancasters claims to the French throne while Louis II gains it. Similarly, the United Kingdom of England and France and Grand Duchy of France are replaced by the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of France. Louis IIs titles change to Louis XI Valois, King of France, Duke of Orléans, Grand Duke of Provence and Edward IVs titles change to Edward IV of Westminster Lancaster-Plantagenet, King of England, Defender of the Faith, Supreme Governor of the Church of England under Jesus Christ.
8.) Yann-Ber Kervran returns to Columbia, where he finds that Christs Church is on the verge of complete extension from starvation. He takes the remaining citizens to the more successful colony of St. Malo. The Christs Church settlers choose to move eastwards of St. Malo to establish Hengoad (OTL Harwich, Cape Cod, Massachusetts).
1487
1.) Da Montofeltro joins Gonzaga in the siege of Demnate.
2.) In a last, desperate effort sultan rallies his forces to try and relieve the siege. The Battle of Damnate is costly, but the Italians emerge victorious.
3.) The siege of Granada begins.
4.) Albert the bold leads the Protestant troops in the pillaging of Frankfurt am Main. The battle results in the utter devastation of the city and the loss of much of the Catholic Leagues funds.
5.) Ludvig Burgen converts the Bishop of Copenhagen to at least the fundamental ideas of Protestantism. The bishop, however, keeps his new found convictions hidden, for the time being, so as to avoid conflict with Rome. He does, however, begin a series of conversations with the Archbishops of Lund, Uppsala, and Trondheim that would eventually lead to their conversion.
6.) Remnants of French Anglicanism in Aquitaine, the one part of the old Kingdom of France that had acquiesced to the Protestant Reformation, are expelled. Most move to England and settle in eastern Sussex around the port of Winchelsea.
1488
1.) Moroccos remaining troops capitulate and the sultanate is fully integrated into the Italian empire. The sultan, unable to face defeat, flees into the desert and is, presumably, never heard from again.
2.) Italian colonial government is set up in Anfa, which is renamed Casabianca.
3.) Bartolomeu Dias rounds the Cape of Good Hope for Portugal.
4.) São João Evangelista (OTL Douala, Cameroon) is established.
5.) Granada falls to the Aragonese forces. The soldiers, celebrating the completion of la Reconquista, descend into chaos, and the Rape of Granada results in the rape and death of thousands of Muslims, Jews, and Christians. Thankfully, the Alhambra and other important sites escape significant damage.
6.) Many Jews and Muslims flee Iberia following the fall of Granada for the Ottoman Empire and the Italian colonies in North Africa.
7.) Ferdinand II Trastámara, King of Aragon and of Valencia, Count of Barcelona, travels to Granada, from which he gives the Alhambra Decree, establishing the Kingdom of Spain over the territories of Aragon. This disestablishes all of the royal titles of Iberia outside Portugal.
8.) Frederick again appeals to Italy for aid. Durante Albizzi restates his demands. This time, with the pillaging of the Catholic de facto capital and the extremely dire financial state of the League, Frederick accepts Durantes offer.
9.) Gonzaga, having returned from Morocco, leads the Italian troops north into across the Alps, where he joins with Catholic League forces to drive Albert northeastwards out of the southern Rhine valley.
10.) Albert, knowing that by this point he did not have enough troops or money to fight the Republic and the Catholic League by himself, appealed to the Kalmar Union for help, using Ludvig Burgen as a diplomat. Not only does Burgen convince John I Oldenburg to join the Protestant side in the war, but also converts him to the Protestant faith.
11.) The Archbishops of Copenhagen, Uppsala, and Trondheim reveal their having converted to Protestantism. The Archbishop of Lund, however, remains silent.
12.) Desperate to retrieve his position and fend off contenders for his power, Edward IV raises an army and invades Northumberland.
13.) Edward IV raises Peter Courtenay, Bishop of Winchester, to fill the Anglican Archbishopric of Bordeaux. Unable to take up his position in Saint-André Cathedral in Bordeaux, he takes over St. Thomas the Martyr Church in Winchelsea.
14.) Patna falls to Bahlul Khan Lodhi.
1489
1.) Bahlul Khan Lodhi dies and is succeeded by his second son Sikandar Lodhi. However, many nobles refuse to accept Bahlul Khans wishes and support his elder son Barbak Shah Lodhi, the viceroy of Jaunpur.
2.) Yann-Ber Kervran is hired by Louis VI Valois, King of France, and charged with the mission of discovering a westward route to Asia around Columbia. Yann-Ber Kervran, believing Columbia to be a relatively small landmass concentrated at northern latitudes lays out a plan to bypass Columbia by sailing south. He sets forth aboard the Oiseau from Bordeaux, stopping in the Azores before continuing his journey.
1490
1.) Yann-Ber Kervran makes landfall two days after Easter Sunday. He names the peninsula Tegeste (Tegesta in Egnlish) (OTL Florida) after the Tequesta tribe he encounters there. He proceeds to map out southern Tegesta and its western coast before following the coast westwards all the way to the mouth of what he called the River of the Immaculate Conception, but which would later be called the Messipi River (OTL Mississippi River). Kervran, concluding the region is a southern extension of Columbia, believes the rivers mouth to be the entrance to a waterway that would lead to Asia. He returns to France.
1490 1494
1.) War of England continues. Gradually, Edwards troops being to gain the advantage as Northumberland, despite having the defenders advantage, is technologically and numerically far inferior. Edward is further aided by the Celtic Reformed blocs unwillingness to get involved in the war.
1491
1.) Nkuwu Nzinga, King of Kongo is baptized into the Catholic Church and adopts the name João I Nzinga, King of Kongo.
2.) The Italian forces, pushing northeastwards, meet up with the Scandinavian and Protestant forces pushing southwards from Pomerania, at the Battle of Bernburg. The battle results in high losses for both sides, but no clear victor emerges.
3.) The Oiseau returns to Bordeaux. Yann-Ber Kervran, however, dies from scurvy shortly before landing. His first mate, Nicolas Jean de Lacaille, a Basque, presents the voyages discoveries to Louis VI.
1491 1493
1.) The German War of Religion continues in northeast Germany. Gradually, the Protestant and Scandinavian forces gain the upper hand over the Italians.
1492
1.) After much political maneuvering, Sikandar Lodhi secures his elder brothers submission and the acceptance of the nobility.
1493
1.) Ferdinand I Trastámara, King of Spain, moves the capital from Zaragoza to the southern Aragonese city of Teruel.
2.) Frederick, seeing the Catholic losses gradually mounting, turns to Albert III Wittelsbach, King of Bohemia and of Bavaria, for help. Albert Wittelsbach, recognizing an opportunity, agrees, but repeats the demands of the Most Serene Republic. Frederick, desperate for the help, agrees.
3.) Bavarian forces launch a surprise attack on the Protestants and Scandinavians at the Battle of Pretzsch. Taken by surprise, the Protestant allies are defeated quickly and forced into retreat.
4.) Sikandar Lodhi embarks on an ambitious program of conquest, targeting the kingdoms in Gondwanaland and Orissa.
5.) Adil Khan II Faruqi, Sultan of Khandesh, invades the much weaker Sultanate of Malwa.
1493 1495
1.) The Catholic League and Protestant alliance trade blows in northeastern Germany. The Italians, led by the brutal Gonzaga, take to burning down whole villages that refuse to revert to Catholicism.
1494
1.) English and Northumbrians face off in the Battle of Acaster Malbis. Though the Northumbrians fight defiantly to the bitter end, they are unable to hold off the English. The English troops march triumphantly into York, bringing the Grand Duchy of Northumberland to an end.
2.) Nicolas Jean de Lacaille sets off aboard the Oiseau and additionally in command of the Saint-Esprit and the Bonne-Espérance from Bordeaux with orders to expand on Yann-Ber Kervrans discoveries and to establish two communities in the region.
1495
1.) Albert Wettin, in a decidedly ingenious maneuver, stages a two pronged invasion, bribing the otherwise fanatically Catholic Austrians to invade the southern territories of the Catholic League from the southeast at the same time that he leads an invasion of the Catholic Leagues northern end from the heretofore pacifistic Netherlands.
2.) Frederick, suddenly finding his troops tied down hundreds of miles away while two massive armies pour into his own territory from two directions, turns desperately to the Kingdom of France for help. The French, never great allies of the Holy Roman Empire, surprisingly oblige, reasoning that by intervening that can prevent the war from ending too quickly and cause the Holy Roman Empire to be further weakened.
3.) In Scandinavia the first national Protestant churches, the Evangelical Protestant Churches of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, are organized. In the reorganization of the Church in Scandinavia, the Archdiocese Lund loses its traditional status as primus inter pares due to its hesitancy to convert to Protestantism. In its place, the Archdiocese of Trondheim becomes the primate diocese of Scandinavia while the Archdiocese of Uppsala becomes that of Sweden and the Archdiocese of Copenhagen becomes that of Denmark.
4.) Mandu, capital of the Malwa Sultanate, falls to Adil Khan II. The rest of the sultanate soon follows.
5.) Nicolas Jean de Lacaille establishes Fort Ste. Marie (OTL St. Augustine, Florida) to the north of Yann-Ber Kervrans previous discoveries. He later establishes the Fort of New Orleans (same as OTL New Orleans) to defend the entrance to the Messipi River. He turns around back towards Tegesta.
6.) Lacaille explores and charts the Islands of St. Louis (OTL Bahamas) then sets out for France.
1496
1.) The Kingdom of France sends two large invasion forces into the Rhineland. In the north, the French are able to push the Protestants out of Catholic territory, but cannot proceed any further. In the south, however, they are able not only to push the Austrians out of Catholic League territory, but also capture their noncontiguous territory north of Switzerland and force the Austrians to declare permanent neutrality in the war.
2.) The Protestant alliance breaks the Catholic forces in northeastern Germany and proceeds to push them westwards into the Catholic borderlands west of the Rhine.
1497
1.) Taking advantage of the chaos reigning in Orissa due to the Delhi Sultanates invasion from the northwest Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, chief general and de facto ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire, invades.
