1. Would the fancy gold border of Geneva mean that you have befriended them (or whatever the mechanism is called exactly)?
2. Same area, there is a thin grey border outline going from the middle all the way to the left, but nothing corresponding on the mini map.
1. Interesting, it may well indicate relation to the city state yeah, would speed up noticing which city states are friendly and which are not. Possible that it utilises the traffic light colours, Green = Friendly, Yellow = Neutral, Red = Un-Friendly.
Also some other interesting things to point out.
The geneva tag has the following on it, bit blurry so its hard to see. Going from left to right.
"An Odd Symbol" - perhaps to easily indentify its "type" be that maritime/militaristic or cultural. On our civ in the screen shot that space is blank. I think the symbol shown might be maritime, it sort of looks like a boat or sea pendant.
"GENEVA" - The name of the city state
"(6/20) - its a bit hard to make out, but thats my guess at what it says, as to what this refers to, I have no idea, maybe the amount of conditions needed to be complete to make it friendly, i.e need to complete 20 favours and you have done 6. Thats possible, and fits in with my "Yellow = Neutal Theory"
"10" - The population of the city state.
Above the tag is "Shield Icon" 16 all coloured yellow. I have no idea what thats about other than my assumption yellow might mean Neutral.
Troops, You can see troops with the same colour Icon as Geneva's Tag, so this confirms that City States will have armies of their own. Attack them at your own risk
.
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2. This one is easy, The border is just like Geneva's all be it a different colour, this border type is different to that of the Civ, the civ's being double-coloured borders and the city state only having a single colour thin border, this seems to be a purposeful distinction to again ease the quick thought process "oh thats so and so"
So to clarify, I do tend to lose track of the point, That thin grey border belongs to another City State, one with a grey tag & grey icon troops obviously
. Though none of those are shown on the screen shot, I guess they are all just slighty north.