Chapter I: The Norman Conquests
Unbeknownst to Harold Hardrada, the Norman army was sailing to his kingdom to seize it to its rightful owner, William. Harold had been quite satisfied with his victory over the Norwegians at Stanford Bridge, and celebrated with a magnificent feast in York. The merriment was halted when a messenger warned the Norseman about William's landfall at Pevensey. Harold was startled by this announcement, but wasn't surprised, and expanded William to be an arrogant, selfish demanding Britain for himself. Harold was forced to gather an army. Meanwhile, the Normans succeeded in plundering the countryside and recruiting dissatisfied farmers and civilians to join his cause against the barbaric Vikings.
On October 14, 1066, the two forces clashed. The Normans sang and boasted of their military skills which increased morale. The Normans were pushed back twice and rumors of William's death spread through the air. William tossed off his helmet and led his soldiers to prove he was far from dead and could not accept defeat. He threatened to death to anyone who dared to leave his army. The Normans rained arrows down upon the Anglo-Saxons. Harold was killed, his brain severed by one such arrow.
The battle was not yet over, but it was clear the Normans had a firm chance. William's most trusted and deadly soldiers led the fight and valiantly charged into enemy lines, forcing the Anglo-Saxons to scatter. The only Anglo-Saxons left were the bludgeoned and dead ones.
The Norman duke entered the city of London and met little resistance. He was officially crowned on Christmas Day, 1066. His army rejoiced, it was still in one piece. William was not done yet. The Gauls of the north had unified to form "Alba" and the Welsh of the east would become a problem. It was obvious he needed to subdue the most deadly power, the Scots.
So William led his forces north to Alba, which was a desolate, mountainous place with strong defenses. A majority of soldiers still walked, untouched by the Norse. William's first task was to take York, a fairly large city that was in Alba's interests as well.
To the king's surprise, the Scots managed to conquer York. The natives had fled the city into the countryside. The Scottish were wounded, but still had secured part of the city's defenses. Malcolm III had succeeded in plundering and capturing Northumbria.
Now, Malcolm III's army wasn't too special, it was fairly irregular and untrained. William suspected he would be able to take the city with ease. Actually, it was even easier than he suspected. The people of York revolted against the Gaelic conquest and expelled the Scottish garrison. By time William arrived at the city, both sides and obliverated each other and the king could sweep in and claim the city as Normandy's.
After trekking in the forests for years, William finally arrived outside of Edinburgh, the center of Alba's government. Malcolm III looked out of his palace window and nearly had a heart attack just looking at the massive Norman army. William's soldiers charged and routed the Scottish forces. The Normans suffered heavy casualties, but had plenty of reserves. Edinburgh fell to Norman hands. Malcolm III was captured and beheaded, but the Scottish refused to surrender.
In the west, other Norman soldiers managed to claim southeastern Wales and expelled the Welsh garrisons. But the Welsh resisted and the famous Welsh longbowmen rose up. The Normans won a stupendous battle and secured control of Wales for another few decades.
William's forces approached Inverness, but as they got to the city's gates, it was clear this was a battle they could not win. William was embarrassed to say he had to retreat to Edinburgh so he could recruit more soldiers. But he would never be able to see the city's fall, for on the way back, he drowned in the River Tay. The reasons for this are unknown. Robert Curthose, William's eldest son, succeeded him as the king of England. Robert resided in Normandy, and ordered the continuation of the invasion of Scotland. Robert was a mischievous man, and had no intention of becoming a general or living in England.
Robert is remembered for opposing the Crusades. He himself always wanted to journey to the Holy Land, but believed Normandy should focus on strengthening itself; also, so his brother Rufus could not claim or take the throne. As a result, he is not known for his piety.
The king did manage to conquer Inverness in 1113. He did not personally see the battle, but was quite proud of this accomplishment and completing his father's goal of controlling Alba and England.
The king had to now focus on other problems such as the restless Welsh. The Normans had built many forts in Wales, but they were constantly terrorized by the Gaelic warriors. William also sought out to make administrative reforms, but had been too busy distracted with his conquests. Robert had been slacking off on this, but does deserve credit for creating a supreme court composed of his secretaries and royal ministers, at the request of his brother Henry.
Robert also decided he would fulfill one of his father's greatest dreams, to control the French monarchy. And the kingdom of the Franks, due to internal problems and pressure from the Germans to the east, collapsed into several small, weak kingdoms. Now was the perfect time to capture Paris, and all of Gaul. The Norman conquests had just begun