Here are some Scientific Wonders I came up with. I don't know I have nailed the most important scientific or ideological breakthroughs of history - probably not - but these are just preliminary ideas. Some of these are old technologies that I would rather see as technological wonders instead of just steps on the way. I hate seeing writing - probably the single most useful invention in history - be just a step to literacy with only the ability to establish embassies. Some of these could be thoroughly independent scientific wonders, some could be like philosophy is not - the first to research it gets a bonus. Here they are.
Ancient times
Code of Hammurabi. Perhaps free courthouses, as
Soren or
Ribannah or
<insert name> suggested. An independent tech from Code of Laws - or perhaps even alternative tech. The first to discover Code of Laws would actually discover Code of Hammurabi, the others would discover Code of Laws. I don't know, just an idea.
Philosophy. Perhaps as it is now - but not necessarily needed for the Republic?
Geometry. Perhaps gives a boost to science for a certain number of turns? An independent technology from mathematics. Could give the School of Pythagoras or something, also.
Astrology. Apart from astronomy, naturally. A boost to science? A boost to religion (if there was such a concept in cIV)? A boost to culture? An independent tech from mathematics.
Optics. As far as I know Arkhimedes (or however he is spelled in English) used huge "mirrors" made out of copper to burn Persian ships, much like I used to scorch ants with my magnifying glass

) Could give a bonus to ship attack?
Writing. A huge bonus to science for the first one to discover it. Perhaps a free tech as in Philosophy? Should have a bigger role than it has now, anyway.
Medieval times
Analytic geometry. Descartes's discovery of analytic geometry has been thought as probably the most significant scientific breakthrough of whole second millennium. Co-ordinates were discovered by him. Free tech for the one who researches it? A bit dull. Perhaps something more innovative. I'm all uncreative here... An independent tech from Education?
Music Theory. As now, happy people.
Freedom of Speech. An independent tech from Printing Press - or Printing Press replaced by this. Happy people, perhaps lesser corruption? A scientific boost? An economical boost?
Copernican Revolution/Heliocentrisism. A boost to naval movement due to increased knowledge of Earth. This could also be replaced by some tech that represents the roundness of earth. An independent tech from astronomy. Could be simple left as Magellan's Voyage, though.
The Crusades. An independent tech from Chivalry. Would replace Knights Templar? Knights Templar isn't actually something that was built, it happened.
The Inquisition. A boost to religion/culture. An independent tech from Theology.
Perspective. Perhaps not needed, as Free Artistry already exists. Perspective is real important, though..
Industrial Ages
Scientific Method/Theory of Evolution. Free techs to the first who discovers. Perhaps Theory of Evolution should be an independent tech from SM. Then SM would not give the free techs, but ToE would.
Atomic Theory. Now I think that this would give techs too, but we already have one giving techs...
Egalitarism/Universal Suffrage. As it is now, but as a scientific wonder.
White Man's Burden. This might do something similar to The Crusades earlier. Free units representing the western ideology of white men ruling over all. An independent tech from Nationalism?
Modern times
Theory of Relativity. Free techs? (The modern ages version of ToE) An independent tech from...? Perhaps a totally independent tech?
String Theory. Some scientific boost. Independent tech from, say, Nuclear Power (or what's the tech called - don't play modern times much

)
Set Theory. Too much like previous ones...?
Human Genome Project. An ind. tech from Genetics. Happy people and perhaps the Longevity effects?
Game Theory. A huge economical boost. Doubles the effect of Stock Echanges...? An independent tech from...?
The Laser. I just want it to make a bigger impact on the game...
Superconductor. The same applies to this.
There should be more variation to the effects. There are too much scientific boosts. More military boosts and industrial boosts are needed. Superconductor and laser could help your industry?
The reason I want scientific wonders is simply that not all wonders are BUILT, they are thought, invented. This would also increase the importance of having a good science. I never do the "lower-the-science-to-10%-trick" because I think it's really boring. I can somewhat keep up and often get a head of AI on Emperor with my science. I think that you should have more benefits from being the scientific leader of the world. The SGLs are a step to a right direction, IMO. It is not of course an exploit or even unrealistic to buy others' techs and not research yourself. I am just saying that this should have some setbacks.
There would (and should) still be enough buildable wonders left after some became scientific. What do you guys think?
EDIT: Added the proper credits. If anybody else knows somebody who has suggested Code of Hammurabi at one time in a bar or something, just use your imagination and insert the name to its proper place to be highlighted with honour!
Perhaps we should just admit, that Hammurabi beat us all to it? I have always wondered what's the fuss about who discovered america and who didn't. Nobody asks the indians! (not the Indians, obviously..) It's like somebody breaking into my house from the kitchen and somebody from my bedroom ten seconds later and ending up fighting in the living room which of them owns the house!
