Military Events
With the beginning of the Global War, many countries have mobilized their reserves.
(45 American infantry divisions, 5 American tank brigades, 10 American artillery brigades, 10 Canadian infantry divisions, 2 Canadian artillery brigades, 12 Brazilian infantry divisions, 8 Brazilian artillery brigades, 30 British infantry divisions, 5 British tank brigades, 15 British artillery brigades, 50 Spanish infantry divisions, 10 Spanish artillery brigades, 70 German infantry divisions, 15 German tank brigades, 15 German artillery brigades, 20 Russian infantry divisions, 20 Bulgarian infantry divisions, 5 Bulgarian tank brigades, 10 Bulgarian artillery brigades from reserves to regular army)
(+2 American military upkeep, +1 Brazilian military upkeep, +2 British military upkeep, +2 Spanish military upkeep, +3 German military upkeep, +1 Bulgarian military upkeep)
The Spanish-American War that has turned into the Global War has vastly widened, but the theater in which it originated hasn't lost any of its interest; indeed, the Mexican campaign seems to be a model of modern warfare, mixing together elements of all the latest weaponry and operational doctrine. Following the American declaration of war on Spain (and the domino-like declarations of war with the British and French), American naval, air, and ground forces began moving, as did those of their Spanish and British counterparts. Timing was everything in this theater, more so than in the other ones, as a missed signal could lead to the loss of a fleet or an army corps, and fighter and zeppelin support was necessarily perfectly timed to have any effect at all.
Mexico, of course, was the place where the first fighting took place, as the eponymous American army group, commanded by General George Marshall but directed under the overall command of Chief of the American General Staff [2] John Pershing, launched several attacks into northern Mexico down through Baja and along the Gulf of Mexico coast. Aided by many desertions by Mexican garrison troops, the Americans simply overwhelmed much of the regular Spanish troops stationed in Mexico during the month-long Tampico campaign, with many Spanish troops cut off by a combination of American armor, Mexican
jägers (who in this country were referred to by the odd name of guerrillas), and overwhelming American air power, which was used fairly effectively as close air support for the advancing American spearheads. The Spanish commander, one Primo de Rivera, was doubly threatened by a sizable American landing at Acapulco and an advance with two corps out of the Nicaraguan jungle, assisted by the
zapatista rebels of the south and other uprisings in Mexico City. De Rivera managed to pull his shattered army back towards the Yucatan, once more threatened by an American landing at Vera Cruz, abandoning Mexico City entirely as the metropolis was consumed by riots. The Americans were successfully held back by the well-constructed Spanish defenses, on which lavish amounts of money had been spent, and by stages de Rivera managed to reach the safety of the peninsula, from which he has managed to repulse the American attacks on his position, although plans for withdrawal to Cuba had to be scrapped due to the disastrous losses in the Strait of Florida and off Great Inagua (see below). For his part, Marshall was content to consolidate in Mexico proper, working with the native rebels to establish a temporary American military government and clearing up his supply lines again. The disparate pockets of pro-Spanish counterrevolutionaries have been generally wiped out, and as the year ends the Americans are increasingly free to turn their attention to the Spanish trapped in the Yucatan Peninsula once more...
(-Spanish colony in Mexico, -9 American infantry divisions, -1 American marine division, -2 American tank brigades, -1 American artillery brigade, -7 Spanish infantry divisions, -3 Spanish tank brigades, -2 Spanish artillery brigades)
The Spanish only barely managed to land their Mexican garrison's reinforcements before the Spanish Caribbean Fleet encountered the American First and Second Fleets, backed up by most of Third Fleet. Overwhelming American numerical superiority in the sea wasn't enough, of course; they had to completely overawe the Spanish in the air as well. Spanish Admiral Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Sierra, sailing through the Strait of Florida, had his T capped and lost a large portion of his fleet to air attack. Queipo de Llano managed to withdraw from the initial disastrous engagement off Havana, but was soon cornered by more American ships, coming from Santo Domingo, which forced the Spanish fleet to battle off Great Inagua and almost completely wiped it out, forcing the pitiful remnants of the fleet to withdraw back towards Europe. This impressive naval victory was followed up by almost immediate American landings on Cuba itself by marines and the regular army; the Spanish army contingent hadn't had time to land on the island, so it was fairly easily overrun by the Americans by the end of the year. Still, Spain managed to keep part of the submarine force in the area, and Queipo de Llano's former fleet turned to commerce raiding duties, significantly harming what was left of the American overseas trade.
(-1 Spanish EC economy, -1 American EC economy, -2 American infantry divisions, -1 American marine division, -2 American dreadnoughts, -4 American cruisers, -7 American destroyers, -3 American submarines, -8 Spanish dreadnoughts, -9 Spanish cruisers, -12 Spanish destroyers, -3 Spanish submarines)
Colombia's civil war intensified as the rebels received American support; the military government in Bogota basically collapsed as the American General John Lejeune interpreted his directives rather broadly and led his marine and army contingent into the heart of the country with much support from the rebels as the Colombian army disintegrated due to defections and the minor losses that it sustained against the rebel forces. An American-sponsored republic has been set up in Bogota itself and General Lejeune is currently engaged in hunting down the Colombian conservative rebel forces, which have partly spilled over into Ecuador to little result.
(-2 American infantry divisions, +Republic of Colombia and Panama, -Republic of Colombia as a cohesive and independent government)
Britain and Germany have jumped into their segments of the Global War headfirst; the Royal Navy and the Hochseeflotte, both spoiling for a fight, finally clashed in July off Heligoland. The British Grand Fleet, under the overall command of Admiral David Beatty and assisted by a portion of the French Navy, engaged the Germans under Franz von Hipper following a few months of submarine sniping and marshaling of the respective fleets. Von Hipper, with an amazing numerical superiority over the vaunted British, had the support of land-based planes on Heligoland itself that informed the admiral of the location of the British ships, as well as the Russian Baltic Sea Fleet under the command of Nikolai Nebogatov. The British cruisers were the ones who initially encountered the Germans' outriding patrols, but were outnumbered due to the German ability to see the Entente ships and direct their own ships to assist; the British main surface fleet, as well as the Gibraltar detachment, was rushed towards Heligoland to engage, but was disrupted by the German submarines, who in the absence of a destroyer escort were able to prey on the Royal Navy dreadnoughts. Beatty's T was capped as his ships sped to his cruisers' and destroyers' aid, and the British sustained heavy casualties. Only with the arrival of part of the French navy under Admiral Emile Guepratte could Beatty extricate his fleet with severe casualties. The Battle of Heligoland, while a German tactical victory, has not really allowed them to exert total superiority over the North Sea, as the still-strong British Grand Fleet, now augmented by the dispatch of the portion of the fleet sent from Gibraltar, has sortied from Scapa Flow successfully, and the French have also managed to exert some influence even with the loss of the Channel ports to the German offensive (see below). Somewhat strangely, no blockades have been initiated by either side, which of course makes the Dutch and Sweden-Norway quite happy but is already beginning to cause grumbling in the Admiralty. The naval war in the North Sea is decidedly undecided, though a resolution is likely soon.
(-4 British dreadnoughts, -8 British cruisers, -19 British destroyers, -3 British submarines, -5 British fighter squadrons, -1 French dreadnought, -3 French cruisers, -5 French destroyers, -4 French submarines, -3 German dreadnoughts, -7 German cruisers, -14 German destroyers, -18 German submarines, -4 German fighter squadrons, -1 Russian dreadnought, -3 Russian cruisers, -5 Russian destroyers, -3 Russian submarines)
The long-awaited conflict between the Germans and French has finally begun. In Germany, a general mobilization was accompanied by rapid deployment of the newly raised troops to the front in Luxemburg and Alsace-Lorraine; this was in sharp contrast to the French, who were insufficiently organized (but at least were mobilizing) and took a fair amount of time to get their troops to the front. At the same time, the Belgians, a wild card, nearly saw their government collapse upon the beginning of the war but managed to initiate mobilization as well, although no offensive moves were taken and the government seemed almost in stasis. The French and Belgian lethargy was in sharp contrast to the Germans, who crossed the border in March and initiated the series of struggles that are now lumped into the Battle of the Frontiers; the poorly prepared French armies, under the overall command of General of the Armies Philippe Petain, launched several ineffective counterattacks at the Germans, who largely kept their momentum. Both sides suffered horrendous casualties, mostly due to the terrain of Alsace-Lorraine, but the German Chief of the General Staff Hans von Seeckt shrugged them off and kept going. Metz fell to the Germans in June and Verdun's defenses collapsed the next month, allowing the Germans a route into northern France and attempting an encirclement of the French still engaged near Strasbourg on the Rhine. Petain was sacked by personal order of Napoleon V and replaced by Louis Franchet d'Esperey, who skillfully managed to withdraw French troops from the Alsace Pocket and reorganized them in southern Burgundy, stalling the German attempt to exploit to the south. Hubert Lyautey, Head of the Paris Garrison, was entrusted with the northern defenses and slowed the progress of Alexander von Kluck's northern army group, which was prevented from making a full encirclement of the French capital in the fall by a series of savage French counterattacks the Battles of the Seine and of Orleans that kept the supply lines to the south open. A German drive towards some of the Channel Ports under August von Mackensen, however, has succeeded, and a renewed German threat to the Parisian flank at Amiens was only narrowly repulsed in late December. The unprepared French Army has managed to hold the Germans off for awhile, but Hans von Seeckt's troops are uncomfortably close to Paris, though they haven't actually attacked the city itself yet, and it remains to be seen whether or not the French can alone continue to hold back the tide, especially with the loss of the most heavily industrialized and productive territories in the entire Empire.
(-28 French infantry divisions, -9 French tank brigades, -5 French artillery brigades, -11 French fighter squadrons, -3 French zeppelin squadrons, -25 German infantry divisions, -12 German tank brigades, -5 German artillery brigades, -4 German fighter squadrons, -2 German zeppelin squadrons)
The Balkan situation has drastically changed from that of last year; based on an inequitable division of Albanian territory following the brief war of last year, Prime Minister Pasic managed to have the Serbian and Montenegrin Parliament declare war on Greece in support of Bulgaria, which joined the war on the Entente side after a botched Russian assassination attempt on the life of Prime Minister Malinov. Russian, Wallachian, Imperial, and Hungarian armies began to converge on the two Entente Powers, who surprisingly didn't launch a preemptive strike against their encircling enemies, instead electing to sit on the defensive. The Bulgarian fleet was annihilated by the Russian Black Sea Fleet under Aleksandr Kolchak in a brief battle off Varna, but the Allies chose not to make an amphibious landing. Instead, two overland assaults were conducted. The Russo-Wallachian forces under General Sergei Khabalov transferred from Finland crossed the Danube River and drove towards the crest of the Balkan Mountains. However, the Bulgarian troops under the direct command of Kosmos Klerikov had rough numerical parity and inflicted serious casualties on the Russians at Popovo and Levski in June, halting the Allied assault, then initiated a counteroffensive, timed with an inconvenient Wallachian uprising, that forced Khabalov to withdraw back over the Danube. While the Russians spent most of their time crushing the renegade Wallachian government, the Bulgarians were free to improve their defenses along the Danube and to transfer forces south to a predetermined defensive line in the Maritsa Valley that, in conjunction with Serbian reinforcements, halted the Imperial attack north of Adrianople. While this front quieted down, the Serbians, annoyed at the lack of a real opening, launched an assault of Imperial Macedonia that quickly bogged down in the mountains and allowed the Greeks to transfer troops to Anatolia to fight the British (see below). While the south quieted down, the north erupted into full conflict again; the Hungarians, delayed for a few months while crushing Slavs that really didn't have much reason or monetary support to revolt in the first place, promptly crashed into northern Serbia. With overwhelming force, the Hungarian army crashed across the Danube after a brief bombardment of Belgrade; the capital fell as the Serbian government fled to Nish, but the Hungarian army was simply too huge to be stopped, even by the admittedly skilled Serbian Army; the Macedonian operation was abandoned and Serbian troops were rushed north, and managed to halt the first Hungarian drive just north of Nish in September, but the next month, the Hungarian Army under the command of Field Marshal Hermann von Kövesshaza renewed its attack, encircling a large portion of the Serbian Army in the Juzna Morava Valley and forcing them to either retreat into Bulgaria or to Kosovo Pole and Montenegro. By the end of the year, though Bulgaria had held out, Serbia was in dire straits indeed, confined to pretty much the non-Serbian parts of the Kingdom.
(-Wallachia, -12 Bulgarian infantry divisions, -3 Bulgarian tank brigades, -4 Bulgarian artillery brigades, -5 Bulgarian destroyers, -7 Bulgarian fighter squadrons, -21 Serbian infantry divisions, -4 Serbian tank brigades, -7 Serbian artillery brigades, -4 Serbian fighter squadrons, -14 Hungarian infantry divisions, -2 Hungarian tank brigades, -4 Hungarian artillery brigades, -4 Hungarian fighter squadrons, -1 Hungarian zeppelin squadron, -9 Russian infantry divisions, -3 Russian tank brigades, -1 Russian artillery brigade, -3 Russian destroyers, -1 Russian fighter squadron, -6 Imperial infantry divisions, -3 Imperial tank brigades, -2 Imperial artillery brigades, -2 Imperial fighter squadrons, -1 Imperial zeppelin squadron)
Prime Minister Lloyd George and Minister of State for War Herbert Samuel have developed a cunning plan, concentrating on the Mediterranean theater to wipe out the vile Greeks. A vastly augmented British Mediterranean Fleet made for the southern Anatolian coastline, opposed only by the vastly smaller Greek navy, which of course decided to scrap its plans for the conquest of Cyprus. The British seized Crete and Rhodes, but were immediately embroiled in a brutal urban conflict that inflicted serious difficulties on the fleet's line of supply and tied down a disproportionate force to protect the coastline and the critical ports on the two islands. Meanwhile, the remainder of the Expeditionary Force, under Edmund Allenby, was dispatched to the vicinity of Petronion [3], where they made an unopposed landing and quickly began to expand their beachhead. Unfortunately, the armada ran into some snags rather quickly. The fact that much of the covering air force was dispatched to senselessly attack Greece proper, loaded with bombs with miniscule payload and using inaccurate zeppelins to try to destroy major installations and initiate strategic bombing, hurt the reconnaissance capabilities of the British fleet while also negating what advantage the aircraft carriers brought the Royal Navy in the cramped Mediterranean Sea. The British problems were compounded by the rapidly approaching Russian Navy, which brought the Imperial numbers near to parity with the British. In September, the Allied navies finally launched their counterattack, while the Imperial Army and segments of the Russian Army desperately redeployed to Anatolia. A massive Allied submarine attack on the British fleet in the Cyclades dispersed the British screen and confused the Royal Navy admirals, who lost the aircraft carriers HMS
Ark Royal and HMS
Hermes as well. While Admiral John de Robeck attempted to deal with the submarine threat, the Greek, Hungarian, and Russian navies, under the joint command of Admirals Pavlos Kountouriotis and Aleksandr Kolchak appeared on the scene; in a desperate and confused struggle, more often than not reduced to single-ship duels, the British managed to prevail through sheer numbers, but the tactical confusion and lack of a formal naval doctrine for the individual commanders to follow made the Battle of the Cyclades a Pyrrhic victory, though with horrendous casualties on both sides. De Robeck's Mediterranean Fleet withdrew back to Rhodes, and the bombing of Greece more or less stopped. Meanwhile, in Anatolia itself, the British achieved impressive initial successes in Ionia, but eventually the rapid redeployment of Allied forces to the front forced the BEF to halt its advance. By late fall, Allenby was withdrawing by stages towards Petronion as Russian numbers began to tell. Even some of the Turks of the region, angered by the British support for a Kurdish state, initiated
jäger warfare, attacking the British supply lines and hampering the withdrawal. The British air power, switched over from the useless bombing campaign, has provided excellent close air support and has achieved some successes against the Allied air armada, though there has been no clear victor in the air war yet. Britain's lone prosecution of the Mediterranean conflict has prolonged the war there, but it seems as though the initial Royal Navy successes may be erased by the numbers that the Allies are dispatching to the critical theater, especially now that Serbia has been more or less eliminated.
(-4 British infantry divisions, -6 British marine divisions, -1 British tank brigade, -4 British artillery brigades, -2 British aircraft carriers, -9 British dreadnoughts, -14 British cruisers, -18 British destroyers, -13 British submarines, -9 British fighter squadrons, -6 British zeppelin squadrons, -3 Imperial infantry divisions, -1 Imperial tank brigade, -1 Imperial aircraft carrier, -5 Imperial dreadnoughts, -8 Imperial cruisers, -10 Imperial destroyers, -6 Imperial submarines, -4 Imperial fighter squadrons, -1 Imperial zeppelin squadron, -2 Russian infantry divisions, -3 Russian dreadnoughts, -4 Russian cruisers, -6 Russian destroyers, -3 Russian submarines, -2 Russian fighter squadrons, -2 German submarines, -1 Hungarian dreadnought, -2 Hungarian cruisers, -5 Hungarian destroyers, -1 Hungarian submarine)
The Russian attack on northern Mesopotamia early in the year was met with equal force by the British regulars who had just been transferred there; after relatively low-level fighting, accompanied by the support of the Kurdish Republic, the Russians drew most of their troops off to the west to assist their Imperial allies.
(-1 British infantry division, -3 British Rhodesian divisions, -2 Russian infantry divisions, -1 Russian tank brigade)
A German attack on Angola has been repulsed by the far larger Spanish forces in that colony who, surprisingly, have not decided to go over to the counteroffensive. The Germans were also repulsed from Sudan with insignificant casualties. Germany retains naval control of the southern African coast, though, as apparently no Spanish or British naval forces have been dispatched to even contest the region.
(-3 Spanish Angolan divisions, -2 German infantry divisions)
The Persian Constitutionalists have had to fight large segments of the former Qajar army, which has in general taken to the hills in Khorasan, though much of the Persian Army seems to have generally been happy or at the very least indifferent to the government change.
(-7 Persian infantry divisions,-3 Persian artillery brigades, -10 Persian unmobilized infantry divisions)
The Russian Central Asian military district, confused by the lack of real orders in the event of a war with Britain, have largely stayed in place this year; the British Raj government has sighed in relief and continued with desperate war preparations.
The planned German invasion of French Indochina has been canceled by the commander on the spot, Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck; instead, interpreting his orders broadly, the Germans have seized Singapore and the Malayan Peninsula, opposed only by the British colonial troops, who were overpowered easily enough. The utter lack of a British Far East flotilla has angered the Japanese, who were entirely unprepared to fight on their own, and who have decided (among other reasons, including a liberal interpretation of the Entente agreements with Britain, Spain, and France) to remain neutral for now.
(-British Malaya, -2 German infantry divisions)
---
[1] = While this may not be apparent to some, the
fasci siciliani of OTL are the inspiration for these, not the OTL fascists; therefore, Mussolini is in charge of Marxists.
[2] = The Americans organized a German-style general staff following the defeat in the second Mexican intervention, back in 1882-3.
[3] = Ancient Halicarnassus; Turkish Bodrum.
OOC:
Oy. Due to personal and academic issues, the next deadline is pushed back to the 24th of October at the usual time. This time, though, I won't be nearly so lenient as last time; I fully expect everyone to be able to turn in full, passable orders before the deadline hits.
flyingchicken, if you change your government and post it in-thread, include it in your orders as well please. They were still mighty confusing, made significantly more confusing by whoever is in charge of the Progressive Party.
Thlayli, if you don't tell me exactly how many of each unit goes with each command number, I will cause a large number of them to mysteriously sink in the Bermuda Triangle, disappear in a sudden swirling dust devil in Mexico the size of New Jersey, or otherwise fall off the face of the earth.
silver, I accepted your spending orders, but I didn't do the military stuff, because the orders really were rather late. ~Darkening~, pretty much the same thing there for you too.
Jason, you have to devote funds to military upkeep each turn. I'm sorry if that wasn't clear enough.
Also, multiple people have been confused on this point, but each nation can only have one project going at a time. Fortunately in both major cases the issue was resolved fairly easily by conditional orders on one hand and the fact that one was technological on the other (you
can carry out research separately from projects), but in the future try to remember:
one project at a time.
*sigh*, also, the world map isn't uploading, which is a pain. I'll do my best to fix that as soon as possible.