I am reasonably sure after doing much investigation they have removed support for any older cards to allow all those people who were able to play just not in their desired resolution to have their fancy displays.
So now everyone has their fancy resolution but there's a bunch of people who can't even play the game. I wondered why there was no obvious errors I could find until I realised there's just no functions for my card, being a GeForce 9800GT it falls within requirements but is apparently unsupported now.
Your Options: Get a new video card, a 750 or later should suffice ($75AUD from select wholesalers). OR give up and go back to a Civ that worked and hope one day they fix it.
My solution: Pack Beyond Earth away with Civ V and load up Civ IV, I won't waste my money on someone else's incompetence.
Edit: It seems GeForce cards are affected, specifically anything older than a 270 or a 9800GT.
Edit: Make no mistake either, it is truly
incompetence that is the issue here, I've got plenty of games I play in 1080P and so do other people with other video cards when I play against them online, but there's no problem there, it's just this game, just Firaxis, just poor game development, just poor bug fixing, just plain incompetent.