UPDATE 1 - 1960
THE WORLD
AXIS OF NATIONS CONFERENCE. Paris, France. The 1960 Axis of Nations Conference was held in Paris this year, and was attended by the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, Brazil, South Africa, and naturally France. Despite massive support from within the Fascist bloc, critics in Germany and Italy simply called it a classic display of French ignorance and false belief in their nation. Regardless of foreign opinion, the ruling Falangist Party in France proved that they could throw a magnificent party. The Conference was initiated with the unveiling of a giant fleur de lis in the center of the main pavilion, a popular symbol of French Fascism. Conference halls, auditoriums, and the like were all constructed in plain view of the Eiffel tower, and were used for official meetings between member nation’s diplomats. On top of that, Consul De Gaulle used the Conference as an opportunity to hold what was in essence a “world’s fair” for the Axis of Nations. Various works of art and modern machinery were put on display in the Champ de Mars. (+Stability in the French Empire)
COALITION OF AMERICAN STATES. New York City, United States. The Coalition of American States was formed this year by the United States, with the stated intent of defending the mutual interests of the American states and also to create a more common continental American economy. However, critics have noted that the Alliance cannot truly live up to its name when the second most powerful state in the Americas, Brazil, not only refused to join, but then joined the Axis of Nations later in the same year. Other critics have simply claimed this as an attempt by the United States to maintain their powerful position and expand their own trade spheres. In Latin America, both Socialist and Falangist alike have been critical of the new Coalition. (-Stability in Venezuela, Colombia, Argentina, Mexico)
FALL OF THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH. Canberra, Australia. The British Commonwealth fell apart this year, after Australia declared independence from the organization. They were soon followed by New Zealand, and soon an international game of follow the leader took place. Canada was the next nation to withdraw, and quickly joined the CAS, leaving the Caribbean nations of Jamaica, the Bahamas, and Belize as the only remaining members of the organization. However, the United States soon flexed is diplomatic muscle in the region, and the three countries left the Commonwealth simultaneously while also becoming American Protectorates, effectively dissolving the Commonwealth and leaving Britain helpless to do anything. The move sent shockwaves through Britain, as most of the British populace had been convinced that their nation was strong and her interests stable. The move was popular in all the departing nations, though, and the respective new republics are managing to prosper in their new positions. (-Stability in the United Kingdom; +Stability in the former Commonwealth Reams)
THE WORLD LOOKS TO SPACE. Moscow, Soviet Union. 1960 saw an increased interest in space the world over. The Axis of Nations Conference was used to discuss a possible pan-Axis space agency, and the German government expressed interest in outer space from time to time. In the United States, there was also increased interest in space travel, as both major presidential candidates expressed interest in forming a national space agency. So far, only a few papers and some minor experiments have occurred for the benefit of the western powers. However, the real standout in this new field of space travel and rocket science is the Soviet Union, who formed the world’s first space agency, sources report. (+Stability in the USSR)
EUROPE
ESTONIA INVESTS IN ECONOMY. Tallinn, Estonia. The Estonian government has been investing domestically this year, with various initiatives ranging from a new Coal and Oil Shale development program, to a new initiative promoting foreign tourists to come visit Estonia. The results have been mostly positive, and Estonian tourism has boomed as a result. (+Estonian EP)
ALLEGATIONS OF CORRUPTION IN DENMARK. Copenhagen, Denmark. The Prime Minster of Denmark was forced to step down this year after he was linked in a recent investigation into some shady use of public funds. The Social Democrats have managed to maintain their position atop Denmark, but the country as a whole was generally shocked at the news, given the relative cleanliness of Danish politicians historically, especially compared to the rest of Europe. (-Danish Stability)
THE CITIZENS GUARD. Paris, France. A new fascist organization has formed in France this year, the Garde Citoyens, or Citizen’s Guard. Comprised mainly out of young men, this new organization exists mainly as a militia paramilitary organization officially outside of the governments influence. Dedicated to French Fascism and the cause of the Emperor and Consul, the new organization looks to play a major part in the future of the French Empire.
PORTUGAL INITIATES AGRICULTURAL REFORMS. Libson, Portugal. Under “Tomas’s Great Reforms,” the Portuguese government has taken control of the nation’s entire Agriculture industry. Family farms have become state farms, and the former owning families have become state employees. State bureaucrats have come to operate the farms, and all agricultural output is now under the direct control and distribution of the state. The official state policy is that it is un-Christian to resist, and all resisters are obviously communists and must be shot. The transition has mostly gone smoothly, but not without upsetting the Portuguese economy. (-Portuguese Stability; -EP Portuguese EP)
SPAIN BAILS OUT THE UK. London, United Kingdom. The United Kingdom found itself in a bit of a financial pickle this year when it ran out of funds prematurely. Given the relative lack of available domestic funds for borrowing, Westminster needed to look outward to other countries. Luckily, the Spanish government was able to provide it with a bridge loan in order to survive until the New Year. The British have suffered in foreign trade as a result, as the British pound was devaluated, but the damage was not as serious as previously thought. (-British EP; +Spanish EP)
TURKEY BOOSTS TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE. Ankara, Turkey. The Turkish government has made attempts to build a modern infrastructure in Turkey this year. The government has built airports and freeways, and though they have mostly been limited to large urban areas, there are plans to connect the entire nation under a web of freeways. The government is hoping that the economy will prosper with a more modern transportation infrastructure, although there still remains the problem that there are few that can actually afford to use it.
INDUSTRY IN THE NETHERLANDS. Amsterdam, Netherlands. The Dutch Empire spent most of the year investing in new industries. Most of the new factories built by the state get their resources almost exclusively from Dutch colonies, with few exceptions. However, some liberals say that these factories are rather poorly planned, since the colonies won’t be around forever. (+Dutch EP)
STANDOFF IN SERBIA. Belgrade, Serbia. Tensions are high over control of Serbia, after there was an attempted assassination on Celal Bayar’s son in Bulgaria, and the assassination was linked to a Serbian nationalist group. The attempt came after the Serbian government publicized a failed attempt by a state-owned Turkish corporation to make a large land purchase near Belgrade. The Turkish high command said that the Serbs were lucky the attempt wasn’t successful, and blamed the Serbian government for sponsoring the attack. Serbian officials denied any connection to the attempt. Regardless, the Italian government did not seem pleased with the actions of the Turkish government, and a large force has been sent to Albania to intervene if war breaks out between Turkey and Serbia. (-Stability in Serbia, Turkey)
NEW ESPIONAGE AGENCY IN ITALY CAUSES PROTEST. Rome, Italy. Liberals in Italy are up in arms after the government formed a new police agency this year. The Royal Italian Service of Counterintelligence, or RISC, has been given a presence in virtually every aspect of society. Although some say that the Italian government has overreached its bounds, many conservatives say that it is a necessary evil in order to keep Italy free in this dark time. Regardless, tensions remain high within Italy. (-Stability in Italy)
ROMANIA SIGNS NEW OIL DEAL. Bucharest, Romania. Under heavy pressure from Soviet diplomats, the Kingdom of Romania has signed a new agreement with the USSR over oil. The USSR will begin construction of a new pipeline connecting Romania with the rich oil fields in the Soviet Union, and in exchange the Romanians will give Soviet oil top priority domestically. The new agreement will provide Romania with nearly unlimited oil, allowing for increased industrialization. (+EP in Romania, USSR)
SERBIAN LEADER KEEPS THE PEACE. Belgrade, Serbia. Despite the renewed tensions between Italy and Turkey over control of Serbia, a local Serbian leader has managed to keep the Serbian population calm even as their country is on the verge of destruction. Ultimately, his moves have helped the government to maintain some sense of control in this trying time for Serbia. (+Stability in Serbia)
GREEK LEADER DIES UNEXPECTEDLY. Athens, Greece. The Greek dictator, Cemal Gürsel, died this year, of a heart attack. He was sixty-five. Gürsel became the dictator of Greece when he was put there by the Turkish government after the Greeks were defeated many years ago. A high ranking Turkish officer before the war, the Turkish ruler at the time saw his efforts during the war and awarded him with control over the nation. Through the years, he gained a great deal of influence with the Turkish government, and he managed to keep Greece stable despite its position as a merely a Turkish protectorate. News of his death sent shockwaves through Greece, and Greek nationalists, previously too fearful to take to the streets, have erupted in protest of Turkish rule, and demand an end to Turkish rule and the restoration of a free and independent Greece as a power in the Mediterranean Sea. Turkish officials have yet to name a successor to Cemal Gürsel, and the country has come under the administration of Greek army, which is in turn under the control of the Turkish High Command. (-Stability in Greece)
MILITARIZATION IN THE BALTIC STATES. Riga, Latvia. The nations of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania spent a great deal of their funds building up their national militaries, and also suffered the economic problems associated with the lack of manpower. With unemployment relatively low in each of the countries, the manpower for the buildup came from the economies of each country. As a result, the economy in the region is leaner and an smaller, although an increase in productivity has managed to keep any significant loss in GDP from occurring. (-Stability in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania)
ITALY INVESTS DOMESTICALLY. Naples, Italy. The Italian government spent significant funds this year bringing the southern part of the country up to the standards of the north. Southern Italy has always been relatively backwards, compared to northern Italy. A new project was begun, modernizing the transportation infrastructure in the south, as well as building new schools and such, so every Italian citizen has equal opportunity to learn to read, and possibly attend a university.
INCREASED SUPPORT FOR CONSERVATIVE COALTION. Vilnius, Lithuania. The Lithuanian government has held rallies across the country this year, in an attempt to increase support for the ruling party. The ruling coalition of conservative parties has enjoyed a nice boost in support from the rallies, although they did not come without trouble from opposition leaders. Communists across the country staged protests to what they called “pandering to German capital” by the Lithuanian government. The Lithuanian police broke up the communist protests, and the leaders of the protests were deported to the USSR, but many fear that this is only the beginning of what could be a very unstable decade in the Baltic States. (-Stability in Lithuania; +Approval in Lithuania)
SOVIET MODERNIZATION PROGRAM. Kiev, Soviet Union. The Soviet Union started three initiatives this year to boost the Soviet Economy. The first was the construction of new factories and the modernization of existing ones. The goal was not only to create new factories and increase the amount of goods created by the Soviets, but also to increase the quality of the goods. In a second initiative, the government invested funds into boosting the output of raw materials, mainly natural gas and oil. A new vein of oil was discovered in Siberia during the efforts, and there is more oil pumping. As part of the second initiative, the Soviets constructed a pipeline to Romania. The third initiative was the Soviet Space Agency, the world’s first official space agency, which brought a huge boost to Soviet prestige, and if successful, will bring a huge boost to Soviet influence around the world. (+EP in the Soviet Union)
SWEDISH ECONOMIST GIVES CRITIQUE. Stockholm, Sweden. A Swedish economist by the name of Gunnar Myrdal has given a critique of the policies of John Maynard Keynes. Personally he is a strong Keynesian and his critique on Keynesian economics views it positively. However, he believes that it can be made better with a few adjustments. His work has been partly funded by the Swedish government, and there are rumors that the Swedish government will implement his theories in the near future, and perhaps some neighboring Scandinavian countries.
THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN. Madrid, Spain. At the order of Francisco Franco, the Spanish State became the Kingdom of Spain this year. Franco has taken the position of Regent of the Throne of the Kingdom of Spain, and is selecting a suitable candidate to take the thrown. According to the decree, the new monarch will assume the throne upon the death or resignation of the current Regent, which is Francisco Franco, naturally. The Spanish public has reacted with neutrality for the most part, and most people don’t seem to care either way.
DE GAULLE TOURS FRANCE. Bordeaux, France. The French Government organized a series of rallies for the Falangist party this year. Beginning in Bordeaux, Consul De Gaulle toured through the nation, and held rallies for the ruling party at each major city. Each rally was heavily publicized by the state media, and popular figures in France were present at each of the rallies. The final rally was held in Paris in the Axis Pavilion where the Axis Conference was held a few months prior. Contingents of the newly formed Citizen’s Guard were also present at the rallies, as well as the Imperial Guard in Paris, as the Emperor was also present. The rallies provided a major boost to French fascism, as support was renewed for De Gaulle and Napoleon IV, giving the appearance of unanimous support for the French government.
NORTH AMERICA
KENNEDY OVER NIXON. Washington, United States. In one of the closest elections in United States history, John Fitzgerald Kennedy defeated Richard Milhous Nixon to become the next President of the United States. Running on a platform of anti-Communism, as well as renewed and expanded welfare and neutrality in Europe, Kennedy managed to gain enough votes to win. Although Nixon won the popular vote, Kennedy got key wins in several states to win the Electoral College vote. One of the youngest Presidents in history, his youthful character managed to invigorate a new generation of Americans, providing him with the key votes that has brought him the highest office in the wealthiest nation in the world.
STABILITY IN GUATEMALA. Guatemala City, Guatemala. Things have generally stabilized in Guatemala, as the dictator consolidated control over the country. A group of socialists were rooted out and the uprising they were planning was destroyed before it ever got off the ground. Guatemala was already one of the more stable countries in the region, but recent events have made it one of the most stable countries in all of Latin America. (+Stability in Guatemala)
BLACKS DEMAND EQUALITY. Birmingham, United States. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr has organized what he calls the “Birmingham Campaign,” which is a series of organized peaceful protests centered around the city of Birmingham, Alabama, one of the most racially divided cities in the United States. Black citizens have begun boycotts, with support from sympathetic whites. The State of Alabama banned the NAACP a few years ago, which has brought it into the spotlight of the Civil Rights Movement, and the moves, organized by Dr. King and the SCLC, have so far not managed to bring any significant change. However, the entire nation is yet further on edge as the Civil Rights Movement still grows in the national spotlight. (-Stability in the United States)
PANAMA GAINS STABILITY. Panama City, Panama. The country of Panama joined the Coalition of American States, which has brought it increased trade with Colombia, and greater influence in Central America. The move also brought the ruling oligarchy greater support from the United States, which has in turn increased its control over the country and in turn increased the stability of the country in general. (+Stability in Panama)
TROUBLE IN NICARAGUA. Managua, Nicaragua. Trouble with socialists has spread in Central America, as a renewed effort by socialist guerillas has caused the ruling Somoza family to break a sweat. Socialists have managed to gain ground and establish control over a few more small towns, and raids have managed to keep the guerillas supplied. However, fears of an American intervention have kept the socialists from making any huge pushes. (-Stability in Nicaragua)
DISSENT IN QUEBEC. Montreal, Canada. The Québécois in Canada staged protests against the Canadian government in 1960, requesting greater autonomy and also identifying with their French roots. Nothing major came of the protests, though they have also protested membership in the CAS and alleged control of Canada by the United States. So far, the Québécois have been allowed to protest with no major crackdown, but have been warned that violence will be met with force.
MODERNIZATION OF MEXICO. Mexico City, Mexico. The Mexican government invested a great deal into improving the infrastructure of Mexico. Emphasis was placed on Mexico City and the surrounding areas, but funds were also distributed to connect the entire country through a modern road network. So far, there have been some economic benefits in the capitol area, but it is expected that there needs to be much more effort into connecting the country to see huge gains. (+EP in Mexico)
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM. St Louis, United States. In his last year in office, President Eisenhower signed into law the Interstate Highway Act, which authorizes and funds the construction of a system of highways that will connect every major city in the nation when completed. This is the largest infrastructure project ever undertaken by the United States, and officials say that it will provide many jobs to Americans, and provide a huge permanent boost to the economy when completed. So far, few highways have begun construction, and even fewer completed, but that will change as the act takes full effect and plans are finalized for large highways spanning the entire country.
DUST SETTLES IN CUBA. Havana, Cuba. Things have settled down in Cuba after the Cuban Revolution ended in American intervention and the establishment of Cuba as an American protectorate. Most Cubans feel that the current situation is more stable than it was before the revolution, but would prefer it if Cuba was independent and could set its own course. However, things have not settled entirely, the presence of American troops is the only thing preventing Cuba from falling into civil war. (+Stability in Cuba)