I guess that depends on what you think a Karaite is. There are lots of Jews today with little regard for the Talmud.
It looks like you are quoting a 1950s encyclopedia...
There are VERY few Jews in Egypt today, Karaite or otherwise. They hide their religion & practice it in secret. I have no idea why they stay there. It is totally false to say that most Karaites live in Egypt today.
That's interesting. I've never heard of that university... According to their website, they only offer one course, are trying to get nonprofit status & hope to offer certificates & degrees someday...
They don't even have a post office box listed.
Apart from seminaries, American Jewish University in Los Angeles & Brandies University in Massachusetts are the only Jewish universities in the U.S. I've been to both campuses.
This statement is beyond absurd.
I'm sorry, but apart from the last bit, your entire post looks like it was lifted from a Wikipedia article or an old encyclopedia.
Ah. In that case, their faith isn't bothered at all by what others think.
OK, this is a big question. I'm uniquely qualified to answer this one. My great grandfather & grandfather were in the meat packing business. My father & I are trained butchers. I have visited several meat packing plants. I used to own a kosher butcher shop. I own a grocery store containing a butcher shop.
Short answer: it is painful, but it is quick & not as painful as lots of other methods that are used.
Long answer:
The kosher method of slaughter for large animals such as cattle & sheep is making an incision in the animal's jugular vein & allowing it to bleed out. The animal loses consciousness before death & the whole thing only takes a few seconds. This is done by a shochet-a professional slaughterer. The shochet keeps his blade very sharp, inspecting it for nicks or dullness between every animal & has learned to hit the right vein on the 1st attempt. The animal feels the pain of the incision, but the quick blood loss means that it isn't conscious at time of death. The goal is to be as humane as possible & not make the animal suffer needlessly.
Meat from hunted animals is not considered kosher.
Here are the methods I've seen at non-kosher slaughter operations:
-Wrapping a chain around the animal's neck, attaching the chain to a forklift, lifting the fork & hanging the animal until it dies.
-Firing a rifle or shotgun into the animal's skull. This is very dangerous for the slaughterer, though.
-Firing a nail gun into the animal's skull. The nail sometimes misses the brain making further shots necessary. This is probably the most widely-used method I've seen.
-Passing high voltage electricity through the animal's head.
-Slitting the animal's throat-windpipe & veins.
I've heard of other methods, but haven't witnessed them.
There is no totally painless way to slaughter an animal. The kosher method is the most humane that I've heard of or seen.
Animal rights groups are lobbying hard in Europe to have kosher slaughtering banned. Observant Jewish groups see this as a return to the days of anti-Jewish laws, but those animal rights groups really want all slaughtering banned, not just the kosher method.
Do try to fight that urge. Christians have been doing that to us for nearly two thousand years & we're pretty much fed up with it.