So, your GPfarm (high pop, I guess) has no happiness problems, even at war?
I would like to see it, please.
Best regards,
Each specialist requires food to run. This depletes the rate at which the food box grows. At the point where the city grows to the size where you get your first unhappy person due to crowdedness, every experienced player knows to JAM at this point. By jamming with scientists (usually but others are ok), you prevent the city from getting the unhappy people, while you get in as many specialists as you possibly can without starving the city down.
Unhappiness isn't really the problem. It is FOOD. Plenty of food, not silly cottages, or other gimmicks.
The next priority is what to use to MAXIMIZE all those specialists. Anyone who trades off Oxford for Globe Theatre doesn't understand the inner workings too well. Lets be honest, a big reason people like to hit caste then run scientists is for the huge sci-bonus. The pill bottles are great, even if a nation is bankrupt you can still hold the tech lead. Now here is how things work...
Your commerce contributs to your science output...
Your pill bottles (test tubes?) also contribute....
Libraries... Universities... multiply these effects..
The buildings multiply BOTH your commerce & pill bottles.
So when you have multiple scientists running... and all your other absorbed GPs which are making Pill bottles also(even the non scientists due to Rep.), that' all adds up.
You put in a science building, and ALL THAT is filtered through the bonus. You're getting HUGE bonuses here, and 2 birds with one stone so to speak.
Now, someone who tries to tell you that it's better to build GT because you can temporarily squeeze in an extra person or two is fooling you. That is not going to make up for the huge bonus loss you are incurring. Just count the science output you get from an extra GP, then compare that to the total commerce & pills multiplied by modifiers.
If you still fail to understand this, then all I can suggest is TRUST the mathematics behind it.
And a major issue that doesn't seem mentioned... if you are running a lot specialists, you are eating a lot of food. This restricts city growth. Cities with restricted growth don't need to worry about happiness as much as others.
Of course, if you want to specialize your city for hammer production through GP farming, you replace oxford with IronWorks. Again, using GT just doesn't work. And while a newb may argue that you could mix GT WITH IW or Ox, that doesn't fly either. Because now you have to remove NE from the picture, which as we all know, should be a priority for the GP in the first place.