The Double Attack

Johan511

Old Schooler
Joined
Jan 24, 2001
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Minot, North Dakota
Ok, this is the first of a series of basic lessons that I’m going to give, and the title of this lesson is called The Double Attack.
A double attack, as the name implies, is an attack against two pieces or pawns at the same time. Beginning players quickly learn that a simple attack against a single enemy piece or pawn can easily be countered in a variety of ways. A better alternative is a simultaneous attack against two pieces or pawns, only one of which can be defended by the opponent. This type of attack is the basis for much of the tactical play in chess.
There are three types of double attack and I will cover them all on this thread over time.
First the Discovered attacks – A discovered attacks is essentially an ambush. Here’s a general definition: A Queen, Rook, or Bishop lies in wait so that it can attack when another piece or pawn moves out of its way.

Now lets look at some examples.
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White to Play.

The position above shows a simple but clear example of a discovered attack. If white moves his Bishop, he will create a discovered attack on the Black Queen with the Rook on e1. However, moves like 1. Bd3 or 1.Bf3 don’t accomplish much because Black would sidestep his Queen to safety on d6 or f6. This is where the double attack comes in Handy. By playing 1. Ba6!, White creates a discovered attack on Black’s Queen and also attacks his Rook on c8 threatening two pieces at once with one move.

After you have grasped the principle in an example, it can be instructive to change the position a bit to see how the change affects the result. In the position above how would putting the Black b6-pawn on b7 affect the situation?
What if the black rook were on a8 instead of c8?

PS If your WAY to advanced for this, please don't answer right away. These first lessons are for the people who are fairly new to chess. I will be back to post the rest of the lesson.
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I think your question would be more useful if you started with the Black King on h8 and not g8, otherwise you are confusing two kinds of attacks. As you have it above, Ba6 is NOT the instantly visible move of choice for White despite what you suggest. (And then your follow-on questions would have more meaning too.)

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I understand what you see, and what you are talking about, but give me a chance here stormerne, my choice of position involves more than just this one diagram -- I have more to add the lesson -- But I do appreciate your comments, although I do feel that you just totally undermined my authority on my own lesson....LOL
BUT we shall settle that over the board…..
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Lesson 1.2

Hi again everyone, I'm here with the second Lesson...
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As in the first position White has a chance in this diagram to initiate a discovered attack on the Black Queen by moving his Bishop out of the way of his Rook. Quiet moves like 1.Be3 or 1. Bc3 don't take advantage of the situation (no double attack!) because Black would calmly move his Queen to safety with 1..Qe8 or 1...Qf8. However, white can attack both the Queen and the Bishop on e7 with the surprising. 1.Bg5! (1.Bb4! accomplishes the same thing). Normally such a move is impossible because the Bishop is hanging to both the h6-pawn and the Bishop on e7, but in this case the discovered attack on Black’s Queen by the Rook makes the Bishop a less attractive tidbit. After 1. Bg5!, Black has to make a difficult choice. He could move his Queen to safety with 1...Qe8, but then the point of 1. Bg5 would be obvious: White would be attacking the Bishop on e7 with both his Queen and his Bishop while Black would be defending his Bishop only once with his Queen. Then, with the simple 2. Bxe7, White would pick up a piece for free (a gain of 3 points). Although most players hate to part with their Queen, a much better move for Black is 1...Bxg5! 2. Rxd8 Rxd8. True, Black loses his Queen (9 points). But in return, he gains a Rook and a Bishop (for a total of 8 points). He is down only 1 point and can still put up a tough fight.
There is another possibility in the position. (Always remember the words of the great Emanuel Lasker "When you see a good move, look for a better one!" Sound advice. Inexperienced players have a tendency to make the first move that looks good.) Instead of the strong 1. Bg5!, White might also consider 1.Bxh6! This move wins a pawn (1 point) because the Bishop is invulnerable due to the discovered attack on Black's Queen. This alternative is an example of a pure discovered attack. It is not a double attack because only one Black piece (the Queen) is threatened.


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This position is identical to the last, however, there are two exceptions: White's Queen sits on f3 instead of e2, and Black's Rook sits on b8 instead of a8. Is 1.Bg5 or 1.Bb4 still a good move?
No! Blacks is now able to step out of harm’s way with 1...Qf8 because 2. Bxe7
Qxe7 leads only to an even trade of pieces.
The big difference between this and the previous diagram is a result of the White Queen's Position on e2. Previously she joined in the attack against the Bishop on e7. Because 1. Bg5 now fails to yield any advantage, White is better off playing either 1. Bxh6!, which wins a pawn, or the stronger 1. Bf4!, which creates a discovered attack on the Queen and an additional attack on Black’s Rook on b8. After 1.Bf4! Qf8 2. Bxb8 Qxb8, White ends up wining an Exchange - A Rook for a Bishop or Knight - For a 2-point advantage.

That's all of today's lesson, if I made any mistakes in my lanuage please point it out, as always I'll be happy to change it....
I know we don't have a huge following for this type of thing, but maybe it will help someone -- Next week - The Discovered Check


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To further illustrate TGD's lesson on the Double Attack, here is a real-life example from one of my own games. This was played a long time ago in 1973 in a British competition called "The Cheshire Shield".

(You don't need to play through - you can just look at the diagram.)

White: Stormerne
Black: P. Rathbone
1. e4 e6
2. d4 d5
3. Nd2 c5
4. ed Qxd5
Black chose to play this to avoid an "isolated queen's pawn". This is ultra-safe "positional" play.
5. Ngf6 Nc6
6. Bc4 Qd8
7. Nb3 Nf6
cd immediately is safer for Black
8. Be3 cd
9. Nbxd4 Bd7
10. 0-0 Be7
11. c3 0-0
12. Qc2 a6
13. Rad1 Qc7
14. Bd3 h6
15. Rfe1 Nxd4
16. Bxd4 Bc6
17. Ne5 Nd7

This reaches the diagrammed position...
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Since Black was playing positionally and not wanting to take risks, I set a trap. He had expected me to play NxBc6 - perhaps the best move - but I didn't. Instead I captured his knight on d7.

Why? Because I suspected he would want to keep his c6 bishop on its good diagonal and that he would retake on d7 with the "wrong" piece.

What is the "wrong" piece? What happened immediately after? This...

18. Nxd7 Qxd7?
Black should have played Bxd7. Taking with the queen is very wrong.
Now White makes a discovered double attack.

19. Bh7+ Kh8
20. Bxg7+ Kxg7
21. Rxd7 Bxd7
22. Be4 ...
The damage is done.
White now retrieves his bishop before f5 stops him.
White gets his big guns into lethal positions "with tempo" (i.e. by making threats on the way).
The rest of White's attack plays itself.

22. ... Rab8
23. Qd3 Bb5
24. Qg3+ Kh8
25. Qe5+ f6
26. Qh5 f5
27. Qxh6+ Kg8
28. Qg6+ Kh8
29. Re3 1-0
The final position, 11 moves later, was this...
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