The Sound of Drums - A British Hearts of Iron AAR
Part Twenty-Five
1st January - 23rd February 1940
The Naval War Intensifies
Mere hours into the year 1940, and once more a great naval battle erupted in the Heligoland Bight. After months of inactivity, the German First Flotte was again attempting a breakout, and again it was intercepted by the Royal Navy. This time however, it was the First Support Fleet that engaged the Germans, Clerics Grand Armada a day away. With no aircraft carriers in the First Support Fleet, this was a relatively even-handed battle.
Except for one ship - the KMS
Bismarck. The British fleet had no equivalent - its largest vessel being the HMS
Repulse, an old battle cruiser that had seen action in the Great War. Realising this, Admiral Dönitz plunged his battleship into the British lines at 11:30, sinking the light cruiser
Columbo in the opening volleys.
The guns of the Repulse
in action.
Unable to strike at the
Bismarck itself, the
Repulse, aided by the heavy cruiser
Northumberland, struck instead at her escorts. By now the
Bismarck was under threat by tactical bombers sent from France - very unlikely to hit the great battleship, but they frightened Dönitz enough to pull the ship away from the British fleet. In that time the
Repulse and
Northumberland managed to wipe out not just one of the destroyer groups, but the KMS
Schlesien, one of the few German capital ships available to the Kriegsmarine.
Had the battle ended there it would have been a clear British victory, despite the loss of the
Columbo. However the German fleet was not withdrawing back to Kiel, instead just staying out of range of the British guns. Dönitz knew that Admiral Clerics Armada was steaming towards him at full speed, and that his only chance to cause serious damage to the Royal Navy would be to hit the Support Fleet once again before Cleric arrived.
At 23:45 the First Flotte attacked. The darkness meant that the British tactical bombers would no longer be a threat, and it was being reported that Cleric wouldnt arrive until 06:00 the following morning. The
Bismarck, supported by cruiser escorts, began firing at the main British capital ships, while the smaller cruisers and destroyers engaged their British counterparts. The HMS
Berwick was destroyed immediately by the initial salvos from the Bismarck, with the
Devonshire and
Cornwall taking heavy damage.
The smaller ships fared better, with Captain Carnage of the
Coventry taking charge of their defence. The German destroyers never managed to breach their lines to launch their torpedoes at the British command ships, and were instead forced into a long gun battle with little results. The Support Fleet were saved at 05:45 as planes from the
Furious and
Argus entered the battle, wiping out one of the German destroyer flotillas but unable to engage the
Bismarck - Dönitz had already begun his withdrawal. Cleric was unable to pursue - with the
Cornwall sinking and other Support Fleet vessels heavily damaged, the Grand Armada had to stay to protect against a possible German air attack.
The Second Battle of the Heligoland Bight
Like Jutland before it, the Germans claimed victory due to more enemy ships being lost, and the British claimed victory as they had achieved their aim of containing the German fleet. It was essentially a draw - the German First Flotte was able to return to service a month later (though greatly weakened by the loss of a battlecruiser), whereas the First Support Fleet was sent back to Scapa indefinitely, and the Third Fleet moved to take its place in the meantime.
Grand Admiral Cleric would get his revenge however. On three more occasions the First Flotte attempted another breakout, and this time they engaged only the Grand Armada, its planes giving total dominance in every engagement. The cruiser
Deutschland and light cruiser
Leipzig were both destroyed, with no losses for the Grand Armada. On the 23rd February the First Flotte attempted a fifth breakout, and this time Cleric managed to openly engage the
Bismarck. Bombed, torpedoed and fired upon, the battleship absorbed all damage and managed to escape, but only barely. The damage caused to the
Bismarck would put her out of action for several months, if not a year.
Bismarck
is hit!
Not that knocking the
Bismarck out of action was any sort of problem for Germany. Knowing how much trouble it had taken for the Royal Navy to cause this sort of damage to one such vessel, Hitler took great delight in announcing the commissioning of the KMS
Tirpitz at the end of February, with it also to be assigned to the First Flotte. There was also worrying reports that a third
Bismarck-class vessel was under construction.
Of course, this raised questions in the Cabinet - why was the German Kriegsmarine receiving such support when the Royal Navy, despite some losses, was achieving victory after victory against them? And more worryingly why, after months of inactivity, had the First Flotte attempted to breakout of Kiel and engage the British fleet four times in less than two months? The most obvious answer was that Hitler had decided that Norway was to be taken soon, and he needed to test the capability of his surface fleet against the British