The Sound of Drums - A British Hearts of Iron AAR
Part Thirty-Three
8th -12th June 1940
The French had been defeated at Valenciennes, the British at Dunkirk and the Belgians had only disorganised and under-strength divisions spread along the dissolving front. Now, with the news that the Italians had entered the war alongside them, the German army began its drive for Paris.
It wasn’t their only operation begun on the 8th June, though it was the only one likely to achieve success. In Unternehmen Pfeil, in a rare attempt at a joint military venture by all three German military branches, a fresh attempt was made to seize Norway. It was a hardly notable venture - once again the Kriegsmarine’s contribution was cut short by the ever well-placed Admiral Cleric - except for one detail; for the first time paratroopers were used in invasion.
German fallschirmjäger descend on Norway
After seizing territories north of Oslo, the two airborne divisions quickly fortified their position, awaiting for the reinforcements that were to come by sea. Later, British intelligence would assume that had the amphibious landings began, the airborne units would have made a push for Oslo while its Allied defenders were focused west. In the end it made no difference, the British forces pounced the minute they realised the Norwegian interior was threatened, and after a two day battle nothing remained of the German divisions, their troops and equipment either destroyed or captured.
Though a minor note in the Norwegian campaign, the victory there provided the important knowledge that Germany had lost its entire airborne wing, and as far as British Intelligence could tell no more were being trained for the near future. If Germany wanted to invade the British Isles, it could only be by sea.
British fighters protect the fleet in the Mediterranean
There was more good news as the war against Italy began. Almost immediately after receiving the declaration of war, Royal Navy units in the Mediterranean were put to sea. Submarines began patrolling near Gibraltar and the waters north of Libya, hoping to catch Axis supply ships providing aid to Italian troops in Africa. They would see their first victory on the 11th, sinking four transport ships and an escort in the Gulf of Sidra.
For Admiral Germanicus’ First Armada and Admiral Pound’s Second Fleet it was a simple search-and-destroy operation. Their ships were to engage the main Italian fleet where possible, to assess their strength and what was needed to achieve total dominance of the Mediterranean. The first engagements were promising - Italian ships had nothing to counter British carriers, and were forced to retreat from every action without even getting their guns in range.
The first battles in North Africa
Despite plans for the campaign in North Africa being in place since 1938, they were not activated until one day after the Italian declaration of war. Officially weather conditions were blamed for the delay, though in reality the British High Command simply wished to see what Italy would do - they had initiated the war, why do so if they did not have plans for an immediate attack?
After 24 hours, there was still no reasonable answer to this question, and so Field Marshall PrinceScamp simply began his own campaign. Striking at Fort Capuzzo far south of the coast, British troops quickly routed the Italian defenders and achieved the first British land victory of the war (the defeat of the German paratroopers would come mere hours afterwards). Three days later the British army struck at Bardia, and once more the Italians were forced back.
Though these early victories provided hope that Italian forces would be thrown out of Libya by the end of the year, there was some cause for concern. The continuous reshuffling of Italian troops, as well as failures within British Intelligence meant that it was still difficult to determine how many enemy troops were in Libya until battle began. As such, PrinceScamp was twice forced into battles with equal Italian numbers rather than the weaker forces predicted. Though successful in both battles, he had required additional reinforcements to support the attacks in order to repulse the enemy - apparently Italian troops were not as weak as originally hoped.
It was also very early days yet in the African Front, and though they had proven their prowess in battle, British forces were yet to capture and hold enemy territory. They were also to face their first real test in the African desert - the heavily fortified province of Tobruk, where Italian forces were sure to put up a solid defence…