Literacy rate - Percentage of ALL the science improvements, you have in ALL cities. (library, university, research lab). So you won't see 99% or 100%, unless you have all 3 improvements in every single city.
Life expectancy - ?
Family size - Growth rate? It seems at the end of the game when all my cities are maxed out in population, I don't have very many big families.
Military service - How long your troops live, and the amount of your military units you have compared to your civilian population. Not sure, just guessing.