For first ideas I have decided to look mostly at the Cultures themselves. Right now they are represented by buildings. I figure that is the best approach. However of all only the Neanderthal culture gives different bonus. All of the rest give a +1

in the city they are built. That in my opinion doesn't give much difference flavor wise. While it's true the cultures have different requirements some of them are a little weird. I mean build Culture (England) to require Apples?

For starters I believe all cultures should require more than one resource.
Here is my idea feel free to disagree
Culture (Aboriginal) +2
(The Aboriginals were famous for there art)
Provides 1 Aborgine
Requires Kangoroo or
Wood in city vicinity (This is open for sugestions)
Requires Desert in city vicinity (open to suggestions on this one)
Culture (Ainu) +2
+1 
(Ainu were very good Hunters)
Provides 1 Ainu
Requires Fur or
Deer (The Ainu used to hunt a special type of Deer in his land
Culture (Aka) +1
+2 
(Another very strong Hunter group)
Provides 1 Aka
(Pototoes? Doesn't make any sense)
Requires Elephants or Mammoths in city vicinity Represents there importance in the Ivory trade market
Requires Jungle in vicinity
Culture (American) +1
+2
+ 2 
(A very strong economy)
Provides 1 American
50% faster construction of Alcatraz, Broadway, Burning Man, Carhenge, Coit Tower, Disneyland, Edison's Workshop, Einstein's Laboratory,
Ellis Island , Empire State Building, Fort Knox, Hollywood, Las Vegas Strip,
Madison Avenue, Mt. Rushmore, Pearl Harbour, River Rouge Complex, Rock n Roll,
Route 66, Silicon Valley, SETI Program, The Alamo, The Gateway Arch, The Golden Spike, The Pentagon, The Statue of Liberty, The United Nations,
Walk of Fame, Wall Street, Warhol's Factory, West Point, Willow Run, Woodstock, World Trade Center,
X-Games.
50% faster construction of Center for Diseases Control, Manhattan Project.
50% faster construction of Apollo Program, Hubble Space Telescope, Human Genome Project, SDI and The Internet
Requires English Culture
Requires Democracy or
Federal
Requires Civics to be Active
Requires Cow or
Cotton in city vicinity
Culture (Apache) +1
+2
Provides 1 Apache
Requires Peyote or
Bison in city vicinity
Requires Desert in city vicinity