I am going for a Supremacy Victory right now on a Taigan world:
Starting choices:
* Franco-Iberia: Really, if you need to grab techs before other factions this is the one for you. Alternatively, you could go Slavic Federation; not quite as good a tech bonus as FI but nothing to be sneezed at.
* Artists: +2 culture a city and +1 health. Pretty much double down on FI's main strength. Alternatively, scientists also work though you don't get the health bonus.
* Tectonic Scanner: So I can scope out secondary city locations quicker. Retrograde Thrusters is good choice also since it can get you a better starting location.
* Worker: This one gets that snowball rolling faster.
Initial Techs:
* Chemistry is a good initial tech since it grants you the Recycler (production) and the Lab (more science) along with granting you access to oil.
* Pioneering should be second tech researched.
* Third tech should be Engineering or Planetary Survey depending on the type of map (if a heavy water map grab PS first, then Engineering).
* Research Genetics.
* Research Ecology and Geophysics. If you see any geothermal deposits nearby research Power Systems which should get you your first affinity level (barring quests).
* Research Computing and Autonomous Systems. If you want try and build the Master Control wonder once you research AS, it makes your workers more effective.
* Grab Physics next. Then head to Cognition and Collaborative Thought. Try and build the Precog Project if you can, it is quite good; helps especially when you are trying to defend your Empire while feeding units into the gate. You might want to use your free tech bonus to grab one of these.
* Next head to Robotics and grab Tactical Robotics also for your first Affinity Unique Unit along with being able to mine Firaxite and, of course, air power.
* Next grab Artificial Intelligence and Synthetic Thought. Try and build the Cynosure.
* Since you need to launch a Lasercom Satellite for the Victory Quest I recommend grabbing Communications and Orbital Networks right now. Try and build the Memetnetwork if you can.
* Then grab Terraforming and Climate Control.
* Now grab Biochemistry and Ballistics.
* Research Fabrication, followed by Cybernetics and Autogyros.
* Next go for Organics, BioEngineering and BioMetallurgy.
* Now Hypercomputing followed by Neural Uploading.
Virtues:
* Grab first five of Prosperity first in this order: Frugality, Homesteading, Colony Initiative, Workforce Initiative, Helping Hands.
* Next grab the first five Industry in this order: Labor Logistics, Central Planning, Standardized Architecture, Commodization, Scalable Infrastructure.
* Head back to Prosperity and grab Pioneer Spirit, Gift Economy, Mind Over Matter, Nature's Bounty, Joy from Variety, Hands Never Idle and Eudamonia.
* Now work your way down Knowledge grabbing Foresight, Social Mores, Creative Class, Laboratory Apprenticeship, Cohesive Values, Networked Datalinks, Memeweb.
Build Orders:
* Capitol Phase One: Old Earth Relic, Explorer, Clinic, Soldier, Worker, Soldier.
* Capitol Phase Two: Trade Depot, Trade Convoy/Vessel, Trade Convoy/Vessel, Colonist, Colonist, Worker
* Capitol Phase Three: Recycler, Lab, Thorium Reactor, Ranger, Ultrasonic Fence, CytoNursery.
* Subsequent cities initial build orders: Old Earth Relic, Clinic, Trade Depot, Recycler, Lab, CytoNursery.
That should get you started.