Didn't Napoleon do that because he couldn't defend those lands though -- as well as to give England a maritime rival somewhere down the line? Both fall under 'direct military considerations'. I'm talking about selling territory purely for monetary reasons, either to stave off bankruptcy or just to get richer. The sale of Alaska to the US is a close case, but again the Russians couldn't defend it adequately. Don't know anything about that, but do you know if there were military reasons for the trade?