The Hungarian regent Admiral Horthy repeatedly refused German pressure to deport the Jews. However, with the Soviet Army advancing on Hungary , the Germans occupied the country in March 1944, and the mass deportions began. Initially 400.000 Jews were deported to the deathcamps over a three month period. Pressure from Sweden, the Pope, and the Allies caused the Hungarian government to halt the deportations. There were then around 300.000 Jews left in Hungary. Nevertheless Hungarian Fascist organisations like the Arrow Cross continued to murder several thousands.
The Arrow Cross were at the extreme right of the political spectrum. While, prior to the entry into war, the Hungarian conservatives refrained from openly working with them, they gave into a number of Arrow Cross demands. These included anti-semitic laws and land redistribution. After 1939 the Arrow cross became the second largest party in Hungary.