It can be a little hard to read at first. A tech has three areas:
1) The goods. What the tech gives you. Mousing over the tech or looking at its icons tells you what it gives you.
2) The requirements. The techs listed (by icon) in the upper right corner of the box are REQUIRED for that tech. You must have all of them (Rarely more than one or two) to get the tech.
3) Optional Requirements. Techs also have an arrow that points to another tech after it. For instance, Ancient Chants points to Mysticism. To research a tech you must have researched at least one of its optional requirements and all its mandatory ones.
For example, education has two mandatory requirements, Ancient Chants, and Agriculture. You need both to research education.
For example 2, Sorcery has 4 optional requirements (Alteration, Elementalism, Necromancy, Divination) and 1 Mandatory requirement (Writing). You must have writing, and one of the other techs to research it.
You'll get the hang of it after not too long.