glass came from the phoenicians, and paper comes from the egyptians (papyrus being the first 'paper', and the reason we call the stuff paper).
Gunpowder was definitely invented, or ratehr discovered, by the Chinese, by accident, whilst looking for an elixir of immortality (ironic eh?) but Sir Francis Bacon was the first westerner to get it (and he did so by actually experimenting and searching for it).
Paper money was originally chinese, but I'm not sure how far ahead they were of Europe. I know the first major banking centres were European (swiss, funnily enough. Geneva, and this spread to S.France, namely Lyon. Studying the history of Lyon is what leads me to the banking conclusion.) but the Chinese came up with paper money, not as we understand notes/bills today, but basically as a written guarentee that enabled the rightful bearer to colelct said cash at a bank. You couldn't use this paoper money as currency, they way we use it today. It was more like a cheque, but yeah they were first.
Back ontopic, how do you guys rate Conquistadors? Because I am going to be facing them soon I think. Are spearmen enough of a counter? What about halberdiers?