There are two ways to go about this.
You can either use the CP, CBP, and the CP versions of CSD and C4DF (along with the compatibility files) found in the Community Patch installation page. Dlimited has already done it
here.
Or you could do what I did and just use CP (without CBP), the standalone CSD (you must delete the DLL), and a special Whoward modified version of C4DF (check the second post in my thread for the link). It was a bit involved as you have to merge some overlapping LUA. See the Coding Changes and Mod Creation sections of my first post in my modpack thread.
I also noticed you were having some trouble with MPMPM. The program can be picky but if you follow the steps I indicated in the Mod Creation section of my first post, you should be able to get it to work. This includes merging overlapping LUA (I used the compare feature in Notepad++) into the last relevant mod that loads (selected last in the Mods screen), ensuring that the MPMPM .dll is the only one in the mods folder when creating the modpack (and that no other mod has a .dll - CP's .dll and relevant line in the .modfile gets re-added in the MP_MODPACK folder after), and re-adding the missing mod folders in the MP_MODPACK folder that MPMPM left out.
There were a number of other minor issues I came across as well:
There was an issue with C4DF where some of the text in the trade screen were not appearing correctly. To fix it, I copied all of en_US_text_UI.xml and en_US_Test_Generic_Diplomacy.xml of C4DF to the NewText.xml of CP (and correcting for some overlap). I also made edits to TopPanel.lua as outlined in this
post to get the cultural tooltip to work.
Then there was the issue with the spawning of Great Diplomats. In my latest version, I replaced the GDs with a non-great person alternative, the Master Diplomat. Alternatively you could use the non-dll version of CSD which I don't think has Great Diplomats, but you also lose out on a number of other DLL related features.
As far as which other mods are multiplayer compatible, well as you've seen in my thread, its hit-and-miss. Serp's list is pretty solid and his modpack is probably the most error-free. He even made changes to a couple to make them even more multiplayer compatible. If you do use CBP, make sure that the mods you include are not overlapping CBP or conflict with it as indicated in the Mods Compatible with CBP sticky.