Roland Johansen said:
I think, it would enhance gameplay if there exists a continuous upgrade chain because it would be easier for the AI and because it removes some micromanagement for the player.
Ok, forget realism. Does it necessarily
improve gameplay? A problem with the various versions of Civ is that the rich get richer. Making every unit upgradable compounds that problem. Let's say I build a massive army of Chariots in the BC era. Being able to upgrade Chariot -> Horseman -> Knight -> Cavalry -> Tank -> Modern Armor means I have a massive army for all time. Yes, I need to pay to upgrade. Yes, I need to pay maintenance. Yes, I'll still need to expand it. That's still pretty easy. A civ that couldn't build a massive army of Chariots in 2000 BC won't have a chance of catching me, all else being equal.
There are two main upgrade dead-ends in the original Civ3: the Swordsman and the Cavalry. The Swordsman is the premier Ancient attacker. The Cavalry is the premier late Medieval/early Industrial attacker. Forcing me to rebuild my army from scratch at the start of the Medieval era and late in the Industrial era means that there's sort of a reset button on military power. It erases advantages of position, but you keep your momentum. If you're truly a strong civ, then you'll still be able to build a more powerful army than the other civs, as they have the same disadvantage. However, if you're coasting on a giant army that you built 2000 years ago, but your civ is otherwise weak, you're going to get eaten up, and rightly so. Preventing the Swordsman and Cavalry upgrade ensures that the most militarily powerful Ancient era and the most powerful late Medieval era civs aren't necessarily the most powerful in successive ages. That's a good thing.
This is actually an enhancement to gameplay. It forces you to make a tough choice. Do you put your production into Archers, which are weak, but upgradable? Or do you put your production into Swordsmen, which are strong, but expire? Some things upgrade, others don't. That variability keeps you on your toes.