After investigating this I learned that this is what happens when the modified font IS NOT USED. Somehow you didn't install the font correctly into your system. Maybe you didn't remove the vanilla font first or something. Either way that seems to be the problem.
I tried to manually delete the font at all, and then place it anew - and yes, it appears that I have no rights to do it on my own computer
I inspected the font properties, and the "security" tab says that only a "TrustedInstaller" is permitted to modify this font. Others (System/Admin/Users) can only read and use (with best regards from Windows ). The access permits check boxes are grayish, so I can't tick the ones I need, too.
So, in order to get it installed, I must have it from what belongs to the TrustedInstaller group. Or somehow hack my access to it.
EDIT:
"How to hack font access rights" manual found.
Read -OK
Kill the damn thing -OK
Install the blessed thing -OK
Read -OK
Kill the damn thing -OK
Install the blessed thing -OK
Well, it does look the whole way better now. Still some problems do remain as you can see:
€ still goes for П;
[SPACE] still goes for Ь;
ѓ still goes for Д.
Others look like they should, which is a great improvement. No ideas on why it's only a partial success though...