A simple river (even better with flood plains) can allow you to have a good city spot without any ressource. So main point is that it's growth (both pop and infrastructure) will take longer (except perhaps with enough flood plains).
Irrigate to help population growth, build cottages or mills (wind and water), workshops to help production if you are under state property, or expand corps if you can, and here you go.
In one of my last games, one of my cities when the game ended had just a river. But it was placed a long time ago, near the capital (so without too much maintenance), used 2 farms pre-biology, and was cottaged on every other tile it could work. After a while, it got a levee, a hydro plant, and with towns under universal suffrage, it had lots of production at the same time as lots of commerce.
But I'm not sure I would create a city without ressources AND a river; unless perhaps with chain irrigation and lots of grassland, or special cases (a city in the middle of forested tundra for a national park; and even this one would be much better with 1 or 2 farms or a food special to help production).